enum Suit: String {
case spades = "♠"
case hearts = "♥"
case diamonds = "♦"
case clubs = "♣"
}
例如,我怎么做这样的事情:
for suit in Suit {
// do something with suit
print(suit.rawValue)
}
结果示例:
♠
♥
♦
♣
enum Suit: String {
case spades = "♠"
case hearts = "♥"
case diamonds = "♦"
case clubs = "♣"
}
例如,我怎么做这样的事情:
for suit in Suit {
// do something with suit
print(suit.rawValue)
}
结果示例:
♠
♥
♦
♣
当前回答
我使用计算属性,它返回所有值的数组(感谢这篇文章http://natecook.com/blog/2014/10/loopy-random-enum-ideas/)。但是,它也使用int原始值,但我不需要在单独的属性中重复枚举的所有成员。
Xcode 6.1在如何使用rawValue获取enum成员方面做了一点改变,所以我修正了listing。还修复了第一个rawValue错误的小错误。
enum ValidSuits: Int {
case Clubs = 0, Spades, Hearts, Diamonds
func description() -> String {
switch self {
case .Clubs:
return "♣︎"
case .Spades:
return "♠︎"
case .Diamonds:
return "♦︎"
case .Hearts:
return "♥︎"
}
}
static var allSuits: [ValidSuits] {
return Array(
SequenceOf {
() -> GeneratorOf<ValidSuits> in
var i=0
return GeneratorOf<ValidSuits> {
return ValidSuits(rawValue: i++)
}
}
)
}
}
其他回答
在Swift中,枚举类型可以像EnumType一样访问。案例:
let tableView = UITableView(frame: self.view. view)UITableViewStyle.Plain)
大多数情况下,只有当您有几个选项可以使用,并且确切地知道在每个选项上要做什么时,才会使用枚举类型。
在处理枚举类型时,使用for-in结构没有太大意义。
你可以这样做,例如:
func sumNumbers(numbers : Int...) -> Int {
var sum = 0
for number in numbers{
sum += number
}
return sum
}
如果你给枚举一个原始的Int值,它将使循环更容易。
例如,你可以使用anyGenerator来获得一个可以枚举你的值的生成器:
enum Suit: Int, CustomStringConvertible {
case Spades, Hearts, Diamonds, Clubs
var description: String {
switch self {
case .Spades: return "Spades"
case .Hearts: return "Hearts"
case .Diamonds: return "Diamonds"
case .Clubs: return "Clubs"
}
}
static func enumerate() -> AnyGenerator<Suit> {
var nextIndex = Spades.rawValue
return anyGenerator { Suit(rawValue: nextIndex++) }
}
}
// You can now use it like this:
for suit in Suit.enumerate() {
suit.description
}
// or like this:
let allSuits: [Suit] = Array(Suit.enumerate())
然而,这看起来像一个相当常见的模式,如果我们可以通过简单地遵循协议使任何枚举类型可枚举,这不是很好吗?有了Swift 2.0和协议扩展,现在我们可以了!
简单地添加到你的项目:
protocol EnumerableEnum {
init?(rawValue: Int)
static func firstValue() -> Int
}
extension EnumerableEnum {
static func enumerate() -> AnyGenerator<Self> {
var nextIndex = firstRawValue()
return anyGenerator { Self(rawValue: nextIndex++) }
}
static func firstRawValue() -> Int { return 0 }
}
现在,任何时候你创建一个枚举(只要它有一个Int原始值),你可以通过遵循协议使它可枚举:
enum Rank: Int, EnumerableEnum {
case Ace, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, Seven, Eight, Nine, Ten, Jack, Queen, King
}
// ...
for rank in Rank.enumerate() { ... }
如果你的枚举值不以0开头(默认值),重写firstRawValue方法:
enum DeckColor: Int, EnumerableEnum {
case Red = 10, Blue, Black
static func firstRawValue() -> Int { return Red.rawValue }
}
// ...
let colors = Array(DeckColor.enumerate())
最后一个Suit类,包括用更标准的CustomStringConvertible协议替换simpleDescription,看起来像这样:
enum Suit: Int, CustomStringConvertible, EnumerableEnum {
case Spades, Hearts, Diamonds, Clubs
var description: String {
switch self {
case .Spades: return "Spades"
case .Hearts: return "Hearts"
case .Diamonds: return "Diamonds"
case .Clubs: return "Clubs"
}
}
}
// ...
for suit in Suit.enumerate() {
print(suit.description)
}
Swift 3语法:
protocol EnumerableEnum {
init?(rawValue: Int)
static func firstRawValue() -> Int
}
extension EnumerableEnum {
static func enumerate() -> AnyIterator<Self> {
var nextIndex = firstRawValue()
let iterator: AnyIterator<Self> = AnyIterator {
defer { nextIndex = nextIndex + 1 }
return Self(rawValue: nextIndex)
}
return iterator
}
static func firstRawValue() -> Int {
return 0
}
}
Xcode 10与Swift 4.2
enum Filter: String, CaseIterable {
case salary = "Salary"
case experience = "Experience"
case technology = "Technology"
case unutilized = "Unutilized"
case unutilizedHV = "Unutilized High Value"
static let allValues = Filter.allCases.map { $0.rawValue }
}
叫它
print(Filter.allValues)
打印:
[“薪酬”、“经验”、“技术”、“未利用”、“未利用的高价值”]
旧版本
对于表示Int的enum
enum Filter: Int {
case salary
case experience
case technology
case unutilized
case unutilizedHV
static let allRawValues = salary.rawValue...unutilizedHV.rawValue // First to last case
static let allValues = allRawValues.map { Filter(rawValue: $0)!.rawValue }
}
这样叫它:
print(Filter.allValues)
打印:
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
用于表示字符串的enum
enum Filter: Int {
case salary
case experience
case technology
case unutilized
case unutilizedHV
static let allRawValues = salary.rawValue...unutilizedHV.rawValue // First to last case
static let allValues = allRawValues.map { Filter(rawValue: $0)!.description }
}
extension Filter: CustomStringConvertible {
var description: String {
switch self {
case .salary: return "Salary"
case .experience: return "Experience"
case .technology: return "Technology"
case .unutilized: return "Unutilized"
case .unutilizedHV: return "Unutilized High Value"
}
}
}
叫它
print(Filter.allValues)
打印:
[“薪酬”、“经验”、“技术”、“未利用”、“未利用的高价值”]
(改进Karthik Kumar的回答)
这个解决方案是使用编译器来保证你不会错过一个case。
enum Suit: String {
case spades = "♠"
case hearts = "♥"
case diamonds = "♦"
case clubs = "♣"
static var enumerate: [Suit] {
switch Suit.spades {
// make sure the two lines are identical ^_^
case .spades, .hearts, .diamonds, .clubs:
return [.spades, .hearts, .diamonds, .clubs]
}
}
}
枚举有toRaw()和fromRaw()方法。所以如果你的原始值是Int,你可以从第一个枚举迭代到最后一个枚举:
enum Suit: Int {
case Spades = 1
case Hearts, Diamonds, Clubs
func simpleDescription() -> String {
switch self {
case .Spades:
return "spades"
case .Hearts:
return "hearts"
case .Diamonds:
return "diamonds"
case .Clubs:
return "clubs"
}
}
}
for i in Suit.Spades.toRaw()...Suit.Clubs.toRaw() {
if let covertedSuit = Suit.fromRaw(i) {
let description = covertedSuit.simpleDescription()
}
}
一个问题是在运行simpleDescription方法之前需要测试可选值,因此我们首先将convertedSuit设置为我们的值,然后将常量设置为convertedSuit.simpleDescription()