在c#中合并2个或更多字典(Dictionary<TKey, TValue>)的最佳方法是什么? (像LINQ这样的3.0特性就可以了)。
我正在考虑一个方法签名，如下所示:
public static Dictionary<TKey,TValue>
Merge<TKey,TValue>(Dictionary<TKey,TValue>[] dictionaries);
or
public static Dictionary<TKey,TValue>
Merge<TKey,TValue>(IEnumerable<Dictionary<TKey,TValue>> dictionaries);
关于重复键的处理:在发生冲突的情况下，保存到字典中的值并不重要，只要它是一致的。
当前回答
@Tim:应该是注释，但是注释不允许代码编辑。
Dictionary<string, string> t1 = new Dictionary<string, string>();
t1.Add("a", "aaa");
Dictionary<string, string> t2 = new Dictionary<string, string>();
t2.Add("b", "bee");
Dictionary<string, string> t3 = new Dictionary<string, string>();
t3.Add("c", "cee");
t3.Add("d", "dee");
t3.Add("b", "bee");
Dictionary<string, string> merged = t1.MergeLeft(t2, t2, t3);
注意:我应用了@ANeves对@Andrew Orsich的解决方案的修改，所以mergleft现在看起来像这样:
public static Dictionary<K, V> MergeLeft<K, V>(this Dictionary<K, V> me, params IDictionary<K, V>[] others)
{
var newMap = new Dictionary<K, V>(me, me.Comparer);
foreach (IDictionary<K, V> src in
(new List<IDictionary<K, V>> { me }).Concat(others))
{
// ^-- echk. Not quite there type-system.
foreach (KeyValuePair<K, V> p in src)
{
newMap[p.Key] = p.Value;
}
}
return newMap;
}
其他回答
其平凡解为:
using System.Collections.Generic;
...
public static Dictionary<TKey, TValue>
Merge<TKey,TValue>(IEnumerable<Dictionary<TKey, TValue>> dictionaries)
{
var result = new Dictionary<TKey, TValue>();
foreach (var dict in dictionaries)
foreach (var x in dict)
result[x.Key] = x.Value;
return result;
}
下面的方法对我有用。如果存在重复项，则使用dictA的值。
public static IDictionary<TKey, TValue> Merge<TKey, TValue>(this IDictionary<TKey, TValue> dictA, IDictionary<TKey, TValue> dictB)
where TValue : class
{
return dictA.Keys.Union(dictB.Keys).ToDictionary(k => k, k => dictA.ContainsKey(k) ? dictA[k] : dictB[k]);
}
@Tim:应该是注释，但是注释不允许代码编辑。
Dictionary<string, string> t1 = new Dictionary<string, string>();
t1.Add("a", "aaa");
Dictionary<string, string> t2 = new Dictionary<string, string>();
t2.Add("b", "bee");
Dictionary<string, string> t3 = new Dictionary<string, string>();
t3.Add("c", "cee");
t3.Add("d", "dee");
t3.Add("b", "bee");
Dictionary<string, string> merged = t1.MergeLeft(t2, t2, t3);
注意:我应用了@ANeves对@Andrew Orsich的解决方案的修改，所以mergleft现在看起来像这样:
public static Dictionary<K, V> MergeLeft<K, V>(this Dictionary<K, V> me, params IDictionary<K, V>[] others)
{
var newMap = new Dictionary<K, V>(me, me.Comparer);
foreach (IDictionary<K, V> src in
(new List<IDictionary<K, V>> { me }).Concat(others))
{
// ^-- echk. Not quite there type-system.
foreach (KeyValuePair<K, V> p in src)
{
newMap[p.Key] = p.Value;
}
}
return newMap;
}
试试
namespace Extensions
{
public static class DictionaryExtensions
{
public static Dictionary<T, Y> MergeWith<T, Y>(this Dictionary<T, Y> dictA,
Dictionary<T, Y> dictB)
{
foreach (var item in dictB)
{
if (dictA.ContainsKey(item.Key))
dictA[item.Key] = item.Value;
else
dictA.Add(item.Key, item.Value);
}
return dictA;
}
}
}
当你想合并两个字典时
var d1 = new Dictionary<string, string>();
var d2 = new Dictionary<string, string>();
d1.MergeWith(d2);
与之前没有LINQ的情况下再次简化，如果存在则使用bool默认值非破坏性合并，如果为true则完全覆盖，而不是使用enum。它仍然适合我自己的需要，而不需要任何花哨的代码:
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
public static partial class Extensions
{
public static void Merge<K, V>(this IDictionary<K, V> target,
IDictionary<K, V> source,
bool overwrite = false)
{
foreach (KeyValuePair _ in source)
if (overwrite || !target.ContainsKey(_.Key))
target[_.Key] = _.Value;
}
}
