Dictionary<String, String> allTables = new Dictionary<String, String>();
allTables = tables1.Union(tables2).ToDictionary(pair => pair.Key, pair => pair.Value);

根据这篇文章中所有的答案，这里是我能想到的最通用的解决方案。

我创建了两个版本的IDictionary.Merge()扩展:

<T, U>(sourceLeft, sourceRight) <T, U>(sourceLeft, sourceRight, Func<U, U, U> mergeExpression)

其中第二个是第一个的修改版本，允许你指定一个lambda表达式来处理像这样的重复:

Dictionary<string, object> customAttributes = 
  HtmlHelper
    .AnonymousObjectToHtmlAttributes(htmlAttributes)
    .ToDictionary(
      ca => ca.Key, 
      ca => ca.Value
    );

Dictionary<string, object> fixedAttributes = 
  new RouteValueDictionary(
    new { 
      @class = "form-control"
    }).ToDictionary(
      fa => fa.Key, 
      fa => fa.Value
    );

//appending the html class attributes
IDictionary<string, object> editorAttributes = fixedAttributes.Merge(customAttributes, (leftValue, rightValue) => leftValue + " " + rightValue);

(您可以关注ToDictionary()和Merge()部分)

下面是扩展类(右边有两个版本的扩展，接受一个IDictionary的集合):

  public static class IDictionaryExtension
  {
    public static IDictionary<T, U> Merge<T, U>(this IDictionary<T, U> sourceLeft, IDictionary<T, U> sourceRight)
    {
      IDictionary<T, U> result = new Dictionary<T,U>();

      sourceLeft
        .Concat(sourceRight)
        .ToList()
        .ForEach(kvp => 
          result[kvp.Key] = kvp.Value
        );

      return result;
    }

    public static IDictionary<T, U> Merge<T, U>(this IDictionary<T, U> sourceLeft, IDictionary<T, U> sourceRight, Func<U, U, U> mergeExpression)
    {
      IDictionary<T, U> result = new Dictionary<T,U>();

      //Merge expression example
      //(leftValue, rightValue) => leftValue + " " + rightValue;

      sourceLeft
        .Concat(sourceRight)
        .ToList()
        .ForEach(kvp => 
          result[kvp.Key] =
            (!result.ContainsKey(kvp.Key))
              ? kvp.Value
              : mergeExpression(result[kvp.Key], kvp.Value)
        );

      return result;
    }


    public static IDictionary<T, U> Merge<T, U>(this IDictionary<T, U> sourceLeft, IEnumerable<IDictionary<T, U>> sourcesRight)
    {
      IDictionary<T, U> result = new Dictionary<T, U>();
      
      new[] { sourceLeft }
        .Concat(sourcesRight)
        .ToList()
        .ForEach(dic =>
          result = result.Merge(dic)
        );

      return result;
    }

    public static IDictionary<T, U> Merge<T, U>(this IDictionary<T, U> sourceLeft, IEnumerable<IDictionary<T, U>> sourcesRight, Func<U, U, U> mergeExpression)
    {
      IDictionary<T, U> result = new Dictionary<T, U>();

      new[] { sourceLeft }
        .Concat(sourcesRight)
        .ToList()
        .ForEach(dic =>
          result = result.Merge(dic, mergeExpression)
        );

      return result;
    }
  }

mergeExpression让您轻松地处理您想合并项目的方式，如加法，除法，乘法或任何您想要的特定过程。

请注意，我还没有测试扩展的集合版本…它们可能仍然需要一些调整。

此外，扩展不修改原来的字典，你必须分配回来，如果你想。

使用扩展方法合并。当存在重复的键时，它不会抛出异常，而是用第二个字典中的键替换这些键。

internal static class DictionaryExtensions
{
    public static Dictionary<T1, T2> Merge<T1, T2>(this Dictionary<T1, T2> first, Dictionary<T1, T2> second)
    {
        if (first == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("first");
        if (second == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("second");

        var merged = new Dictionary<T1, T2>();
        first.ToList().ForEach(kv => merged[kv.Key] = kv.Value);
        second.ToList().ForEach(kv => merged[kv.Key] = kv.Value);

        return merged;
    }
}

用法:

Dictionary<string, string> merged = first.Merge(second);

如果有多个键(“右”键取代“左”键)，这不会爆炸，可以合并一些字典(如果需要)，并保留类型(限制它需要一个有意义的默认公共构造函数):

public static class DictionaryExtensions
{
    // Works in C#3/VS2008:
    // Returns a new dictionary of this ... others merged leftward.
    // Keeps the type of 'this', which must be default-instantiable.
    // Example: 
    //   result = map.MergeLeft(other1, other2, ...)
    public static T MergeLeft<T,K,V>(this T me, params IDictionary<K,V>[] others)
        where T : IDictionary<K,V>, new()
    {
        T newMap = new T();
        foreach (IDictionary<K,V> src in
            (new List<IDictionary<K,V>> { me }).Concat(others)) {
            // ^-- echk. Not quite there type-system.
            foreach (KeyValuePair<K,V> p in src) {
                newMap[p.Key] = p.Value;
            }
        }
        return newMap;
    }

}

其平凡解为:

using System.Collections.Generic;
...
public static Dictionary<TKey, TValue>
    Merge<TKey,TValue>(IEnumerable<Dictionary<TKey, TValue>> dictionaries)
{
    var result = new Dictionary<TKey, TValue>();
    foreach (var dict in dictionaries)
        foreach (var x in dict)
            result[x.Key] = x.Value;
    return result;
}

下面是我使用的一个helper函数:

using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace HelperMethods
{
    public static class MergeDictionaries
    {
        public static void Merge<TKey, TValue>(this IDictionary<TKey, TValue> first, IDictionary<TKey, TValue> second)
        {
            if (second == null || first == null) return;
            foreach (var item in second) 
                if (!first.ContainsKey(item.Key)) 
                    first.Add(item.Key, item.Value);
        }
    }
}