如何在Python中创建目录结构的zip存档?
当前回答
试试下面的一个。它对我有用。
import zipfile, os
zipf = "compress.zip"
def main():
directory = r"Filepath"
toZip(directory)
def toZip(directory):
zippedHelp = zipfile.ZipFile(zipf, "w", compression=zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED )
list = os.listdir(directory)
for file_list in list:
file_name = os.path.join(directory,file_list)
if os.path.isfile(file_name):
print file_name
zippedHelp.write(file_name)
else:
addFolderToZip(zippedHelp,file_list,directory)
print "---------------Directory Found-----------------------"
zippedHelp.close()
def addFolderToZip(zippedHelp,folder,directory):
path=os.path.join(directory,folder)
print path
file_list=os.listdir(path)
for file_name in file_list:
file_path=os.path.join(path,file_name)
if os.path.isfile(file_path):
zippedHelp.write(file_path)
elif os.path.isdir(file_name):
print "------------------sub directory found--------------------"
addFolderToZip(zippedHelp,file_name,path)
if __name__=="__main__":
main()
其他回答
您可能想看看zipfile模块;文档位于http://docs.python.org/library/zipfile.html.
您可能还需要os.walk()来索引目录结构。
要向生成的zip文件添加压缩,请查看此链接。
您需要更改:
zip = zipfile.ZipFile('Python.zip', 'w')
to
zip = zipfile.ZipFile('Python.zip', 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
我还有另一个代码示例可能会有所帮助,使用python3、pathlib和zipfile。它应该可以在任何操作系统中工作。
from pathlib import Path
import zipfile
from datetime import datetime
DATE_FORMAT = '%y%m%d'
def date_str():
"""returns the today string year, month, day"""
return '{}'.format(datetime.now().strftime(DATE_FORMAT))
def zip_name(path):
"""returns the zip filename as string"""
cur_dir = Path(path).resolve()
parent_dir = cur_dir.parents[0]
zip_filename = '{}/{}_{}.zip'.format(parent_dir, cur_dir.name, date_str())
p_zip = Path(zip_filename)
n = 1
while p_zip.exists():
zip_filename = ('{}/{}_{}_{}.zip'.format(parent_dir, cur_dir.name,
date_str(), n))
p_zip = Path(zip_filename)
n += 1
return zip_filename
def all_files(path):
"""iterator returns all files and folders from path as absolute path string
"""
for child in Path(path).iterdir():
yield str(child)
if child.is_dir():
for grand_child in all_files(str(child)):
yield str(Path(grand_child))
def zip_dir(path):
"""generate a zip"""
zip_filename = zip_name(path)
zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile(zip_filename, 'w')
print('create:', zip_filename)
for file in all_files(path):
print('adding... ', file)
zip_file.write(file)
zip_file.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
zip_dir('.')
print('end!')
如何在Python中创建目录结构的zip存档?
在Python脚本中
在Python 2.7+中,shutil有一个make_archive函数。
from shutil import make_archive
make_archive(
'zipfile_name',
'zip', # the archive format - or tar, bztar, gztar
root_dir=None, # root for archive - current working dir if None
base_dir=None) # start archiving from here - cwd if None too
在这里,压缩的归档文件将命名为zipfile_name.zip。如果base_dir距离root_dir更远,它将排除不在base_dir中的文件,但仍将父目录中的文件归档到root_dir。
我在Cygwin上用2.7测试这个时确实遇到了问题——它需要一个root_dir参数,用于cwd:
make_archive('zipfile_name', 'zip', root_dir='.')
从shell使用Python
您也可以使用zipfile模块从shell中使用Python执行此操作:
$ python -m zipfile -c zipname sourcedir
其中zipname是所需目标文件的名称(如果需要,请添加.zip,它不会自动执行),sourcedir是目录的路径。
压缩Python(或者只是不需要父目录):
如果您试图用__init__.py和__main__.py压缩一个python包,并且不需要父目录
$ python -m zipfile -c zipname sourcedir/*
And
$ python zipname
将运行程序包。(请注意,不能将子包作为压缩存档的入口点运行。)
压缩Python应用程序:
如果您有python3.5+,并且特别想压缩Python包,请使用ziapp:
$ python -m zipapp myapp
$ python myapp.pyz
我对Mark Byers给出的代码做了一些修改。如果您有空目录,下面的函数也会添加它们。示例应该更清楚添加到zip的路径是什么。
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import zipfile
def addDirToZip(zipHandle, path, basePath=""):
"""
Adding directory given by \a path to opened zip file \a zipHandle
@param basePath path that will be removed from \a path when adding to archive
Examples:
# add whole "dir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "dir")
zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir')
zipHandle.close()
# add contents of "dir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only it's contents)
zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir', 'dir')
zipHandle.close()
# add contents of "dir/subdir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only contents of "subdir")
zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir/subdir', 'dir/subdir')
zipHandle.close()
# add whole "dir/subdir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "subdir")
zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir/subdir', 'dir')
zipHandle.close()
# add whole "dir/subdir" with full path to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "dir" and inside it only "subdir")
zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir/subdir')
zipHandle.close()
# add whole "dir" and "otherDir" (with full path) to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "dir" and "otherDir")
zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir')
addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'otherDir')
zipHandle.close()
"""
basePath = basePath.rstrip("\\/") + ""
basePath = basePath.rstrip("\\/")
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
# add dir itself (needed for empty dirs
zipHandle.write(os.path.join(root, "."))
# add files
for file in files:
filePath = os.path.join(root, file)
inZipPath = filePath.replace(basePath, "", 1).lstrip("\\/")
#print filePath + " , " + inZipPath
zipHandle.write(filePath, inZipPath)
以上是一个简单的函数,适用于简单的情况。你可以在我的Gist中找到更优雅的课程:https://gist.github.com/Eccenux/17526123107ca0ac28e6
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