我有一个Python命令行程序,需要一段时间才能完成。我想知道完成跑步所需的确切时间。

我看过timeit模块,但它似乎只适用于小代码片段。我想给整个节目计时。


当前回答

我认为这是最好和最简单的方法:

from time import monotonic

start_time = monotonic()
# something
print(f"Run time {monotonic() - start_time} seconds")

或与装饰师一起:

from time import monotonic
    
def record_time(function):
    def wrap(*args, **kwargs):
        start_time = monotonic()
        function_return = function(*args, **kwargs)
        print(f"Run time {monotonic() - start_time} seconds")
        return function_return
    return wrap

@record_time
def your_function():
    # something

其他回答

我也喜欢Paul McGuire的回答,并提出了一个更符合我需求的上下文管理器表单。

import datetime as dt
import timeit

class TimingManager(object):
    """Context Manager used with the statement 'with' to time some execution.

    Example:

    with TimingManager() as t:
       # Code to time
    """

    clock = timeit.default_timer

    def __enter__(self):
        """
        """
        self.start = self.clock()
        self.log('\n=> Start Timing: {}')

        return self

    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
        """
        """
        self.endlog()

        return False

    def log(self, s, elapsed=None):
        """Log current time and elapsed time if present.
        :param s: Text to display, use '{}' to format the text with
            the current time.
        :param elapsed: Elapsed time to display. Dafault: None, no display.
        """
        print s.format(self._secondsToStr(self.clock()))

        if(elapsed is not None):
            print 'Elapsed time: {}\n'.format(elapsed)

    def endlog(self):
        """Log time for the end of execution with elapsed time.
        """
        self.log('=> End Timing: {}', self.now())

    def now(self):
        """Return current elapsed time as hh:mm:ss string.
        :return: String.
        """
        return str(dt.timedelta(seconds = self.clock() - self.start))

    def _secondsToStr(self, sec):
        """Convert timestamp to h:mm:ss string.
        :param sec: Timestamp.
        """
        return str(dt.datetime.fromtimestamp(sec))

默认情况下,Linux或Unix系统(在macOS上测试)在终端上附带时间命令,您可以使用该命令运行Python脚本,并获取执行运行脚本的真实用户系统时间信息。

然而,默认输出不是很清楚(至少对我来说是这样),默认时间命令甚至不接受任何选项作为参数来格式化输出。这是因为time有两个版本——一个内置在bash中,只提供最小版本,另一个位于/usr/bin/time上。

/usr/bin/time命令接受其他参数,如-al、-h、-p和-o。我最喜欢的是-p,它在新行中显示输出,如下所示:

real 2.18
user 17.92
sys 2.71

只需使用timeit模块。它同时适用于Python 2和Python 3。

import timeit

start = timeit.default_timer()

# All the program statements
stop = timeit.default_timer()
execution_time = stop - start

print("Program Executed in "+str(execution_time)) # It returns time in seconds

它在几秒钟内返回,您可以获得执行时间。这很简单,但您应该在启动程序执行的主函数中编写这些。如果您想获得执行时间,即使在出现错误时,也可以将参数“Start”设置为它,并在那里进行如下计算:

def sample_function(start,**kwargs):
     try:
         # Your statements
     except:
         # except statements run when your statements raise an exception
         stop = timeit.default_timer()
         execution_time = stop - start
         print("Program executed in " + str(execution_time))

time.clock在Python 3.3中已被弃用,并将从Python 3.8中删除:请改用time.perf_counter或time.prrocess_time

import time
start_time = time.perf_counter ()
for x in range(1, 100):
    print(x)
end_time = time.perf_counter ()
print(end_time - start_time, "seconds")

首先,以管理员身份打开命令提示符(CMD)并在那里键入,安装人性化的软件包-pip安装人性化

代码:

from humanfriendly import format_timespan
import time
begin_time = time.time()
# Put your code here
end_time = time.time() - begin_time
print("Total execution time: ", format_timespan(end_time))

输出: