from time import time
start_time = time()
...
end_time = time()
time_taken = end_time - start_time # time_taken is in seconds
hours, rest = divmod(time_taken,3600)
minutes, seconds = divmod(rest, 60)

在Linux或Unix中：

$ time python yourprogram.py

在Windows中，请参阅StackOverflow问题：如何在Windows命令行上测量命令的执行时间？

对于更详细的输出，

$ time -v python yourprogram.py
    Command being timed: "python3 yourprogram.py"
    User time (seconds): 0.08
    System time (seconds): 0.02
    Percent of CPU this job got: 98%
    Elapsed (wall clock) time (h:mm:ss or m:ss): 0:00.10
    Average shared text size (kbytes): 0
    Average unshared data size (kbytes): 0
    Average stack size (kbytes): 0
    Average total size (kbytes): 0
    Maximum resident set size (kbytes): 9480
    Average resident set size (kbytes): 0
    Major (requiring I/O) page faults: 0
    Minor (reclaiming a frame) page faults: 1114
    Voluntary context switches: 0
    Involuntary context switches: 22
    Swaps: 0
    File system inputs: 0
    File system outputs: 0
    Socket messages sent: 0
    Socket messages received: 0
    Signals delivered: 0
    Page size (bytes): 4096
    Exit status: 0

import time

start_time = time.clock()
main()
print(time.clock() - start_time, "seconds")

time.clock（）返回处理器时间，它允许我们仅计算此进程使用的时间（无论如何，在Unix上）。文档中说“无论如何，这是用于Python基准测试或计时算法的函数”

与@rogeriopvl的响应类似，我添加了一个轻微的修改，使用相同的库将长时间运行的作业转换为小时-分钟-秒。

import time
start_time = time.time()
main()
seconds = time.time() - start_time
print('Time Taken:', time.strftime("%H:%M:%S",time.gmtime(seconds)))

样本输出

Time Taken: 00:00:08

我也喜欢Paul McGuire的回答，并提出了一个更符合我需求的上下文管理器表单。

import datetime as dt
import timeit

class TimingManager(object):
    """Context Manager used with the statement 'with' to time some execution.

    Example:

    with TimingManager() as t:
       # Code to time
    """

    clock = timeit.default_timer

    def __enter__(self):
        """
        """
        self.start = self.clock()
        self.log('\n=> Start Timing: {}')

        return self

    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
        """
        """
        self.endlog()

        return False

    def log(self, s, elapsed=None):
        """Log current time and elapsed time if present.
        :param s: Text to display, use '{}' to format the text with
            the current time.
        :param elapsed: Elapsed time to display. Dafault: None, no display.
        """
        print s.format(self._secondsToStr(self.clock()))

        if(elapsed is not None):
            print 'Elapsed time: {}\n'.format(elapsed)

    def endlog(self):
        """Log time for the end of execution with elapsed time.
        """
        self.log('=> End Timing: {}', self.now())

    def now(self):
        """Return current elapsed time as hh:mm:ss string.
        :return: String.
        """
        return str(dt.timedelta(seconds = self.clock() - self.start))

    def _secondsToStr(self, sec):
        """Convert timestamp to h:mm:ss string.
        :param sec: Timestamp.
        """
        return str(dt.datetime.fromtimestamp(sec))

我使用了一个非常简单的函数来计时代码执行的一部分：

import time
def timing():
    start_time = time.time()
    return lambda x: print("[{:.2f}s] {}".format(time.time() - start_time, x))

要使用它，只需在代码之前调用它来度量以检索函数计时，然后在代码之后调用带有注释的函数。时间将显示在评论前面。例如：

t = timing()
train = pd.read_csv('train.csv',
                        dtype={
                            'id': str,
                            'vendor_id': str,
                            'pickup_datetime': str,
                            'dropoff_datetime': str,
                            'passenger_count': int,
                            'pickup_longitude': np.float64,
                            'pickup_latitude': np.float64,
                            'dropoff_longitude': np.float64,
                            'dropoff_latitude': np.float64,
                            'store_and_fwd_flag': str,
                            'trip_duration': int,
                        },
                        parse_dates = ['pickup_datetime', 'dropoff_datetime'],
                   )
t("Loaded {} rows data from 'train'".format(len(train)))

然后输出将如下所示：

[9.35s] Loaded 1458644 rows data from 'train'