Dplyr 1.0.0版本包含了relocate()函数来轻松地重新排序列:

dat <- data.frame(Time=c(1,2), In=c(2,3), Out=c(3,4), Files=c(4,5))

library(dplyr) # from version 1.0.0 only

dat %>%
  relocate(Out, .before = In)

or

dat %>%
  relocate(Out, .after = Time)

也许这是一个巧合，您想要的列顺序恰好有按字母降序排列的列名。既然是这种情况，你可以这样做:

df<-df[,order(colnames(df),decreasing=TRUE)]

当我有很多列的大文件时，我就会使用这种方法。

我唯一见过的效果不错的就是这里。

 shuffle_columns <- function (invec, movecommand) {
      movecommand <- lapply(strsplit(strsplit(movecommand, ";")[[1]],
                                 ",|\\s+"), function(x) x[x != ""])
  movelist <- lapply(movecommand, function(x) {
    Where <- x[which(x %in% c("before", "after", "first",
                              "last")):length(x)]
    ToMove <- setdiff(x, Where)
    list(ToMove, Where)
  })
  myVec <- invec
  for (i in seq_along(movelist)) {
    temp <- setdiff(myVec, movelist[[i]][[1]])
    A <- movelist[[i]][[2]][1]
    if (A %in% c("before", "after")) {
      ba <- movelist[[i]][[2]][2]
      if (A == "before") {
        after <- match(ba, temp) - 1
      }
      else if (A == "after") {
        after <- match(ba, temp)
      }
    }
    else if (A == "first") {
      after <- 0
    }
    else if (A == "last") {
      after <- length(myVec)
    }
    myVec <- append(temp, values = movelist[[i]][[1]], after = after)
  }
  myVec
}

像这样使用:

new_df <- iris[shuffle_columns(names(iris), "Sepal.Width before Sepal.Length")]

效果非常好。

# reorder by column name
data <- data[, c("A", "B", "C")] # leave the row index blank to keep all rows

#reorder by column index
data <- data[, c(1,3,2)] # leave the row index blank to keep all rows

正如这篇评论中提到的，在data.frame中重新排序列的标准建议通常很麻烦且容易出错，特别是如果你有很多列的话。

这个函数允许按位置重新排列列:指定一个变量名和期望的位置，而不用担心其他列。

##arrange df vars by position
##'vars' must be a named vector, e.g. c("var.name"=1)
arrange.vars <- function(data, vars){
    ##stop if not a data.frame (but should work for matrices as well)
    stopifnot(is.data.frame(data))

    ##sort out inputs
    data.nms <- names(data)
    var.nr <- length(data.nms)
    var.nms <- names(vars)
    var.pos <- vars
    ##sanity checks
    stopifnot( !any(duplicated(var.nms)), 
               !any(duplicated(var.pos)) )
    stopifnot( is.character(var.nms), 
               is.numeric(var.pos) )
    stopifnot( all(var.nms %in% data.nms) )
    stopifnot( all(var.pos > 0), 
               all(var.pos <= var.nr) )

    ##prepare output
    out.vec <- character(var.nr)
    out.vec[var.pos] <- var.nms
    out.vec[-var.pos] <- data.nms[ !(data.nms %in% var.nms) ]
    stopifnot( length(out.vec)==var.nr )

    ##re-arrange vars by position
    data <- data[ , out.vec]
    return(data)
}

现在OP的请求变得如此简单:

table <- data.frame(Time=c(1,2), In=c(2,3), Out=c(3,4), Files=c(4,5))
table
##  Time In Out Files
##1    1  2   3     4
##2    2  3   4     5

arrange.vars(table, c("Out"=2))
##  Time Out In Files
##1    1   3  2     4
##2    2   4  3     5

要额外交换时间和文件列，您可以这样做:

arrange.vars(table, c("Out"=2, "Files"=1, "Time"=4))
##  Files Out In Time
##1     4   3  2    1
##2     5   4  3    2

Dplyr 1.0.0版本包含了relocate()函数来轻松地重新排序列:

dat <- data.frame(Time=c(1,2), In=c(2,3), Out=c(3,4), Files=c(4,5))

library(dplyr) # from version 1.0.0 only

dat %>%
  relocate(Out, .before = In)

or

dat %>%
  relocate(Out, .after = Time)