从http://download.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/nutsandbolts/op1.html

The increment/decrement operators can be applied before (prefix) or after (postfix) the operand. The code result++; and ++result; will both end in result being incremented by one. The only difference is that the prefix version (++result) evaluates to the incremented value, whereas the postfix version (result++) evaluates to the original value. If you are just performing a simple increment/decrement, it doesn't really matter which version you choose. But if you use this operator in part of a larger expression, the one that you choose may make a significant difference.

为了说明这一点，请尝试以下方法:

    int x = 0;
    int y = 0;
    y = x++;
    System.out.println(x);
    System.out.println(y);

它会输出1和0。

把x++看作是一个函数调用，它“返回”x在增量之前的值(这就是为什么它被称为后增量)。

所以运算顺序为: 1:缓存x的值 2:增量x 3:返回缓存的值(x在它被增加之前) 4:将返回值赋给x

这句话:

x = x++;

计算如下:

将x推入堆栈; 增加x; 从堆栈中取出x。

所以这个值是不变的。将其与:

x = ++x;

计算结果为:

增加x; 将x推入堆栈; 从堆栈中取出x。

你想要的是:

while (x < 3) {
  x++;
  System.out.println(x);
}

这是因为x的值根本没有增加。

x = x++;

等于

int temp = x;
x++;
x = temp;

解释:

让我们看看这个操作的字节代码。考虑一个示例类:

class test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int i=0;
        i=i++;
    }
}

现在运行类反汇编程序，我们得到:

$ javap -c test
Compiled from "test.java"
class test extends java.lang.Object{
test();
  Code:
   0:    aload_0
   1:    invokespecial    #1; //Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
   4:    return

public static void main(java.lang.String[]);
  Code:
   0:    iconst_0
   1:    istore_1
   2:    iload_1
   3:    iinc    1, 1
   6:    istore_1
   7:    return
}

现在Java虚拟机是基于堆栈的，这意味着对于每个操作，数据将被推入堆栈，从堆栈中，数据将弹出来执行操作。还有另一种数据结构，通常是存储局部变量的数组。局部变量的id是数组的索引。

让我们看看main()方法中的助记符:

iconst_0: The constant value 0 is pushed on to the stack. istore_1: The top element of the stack is popped out and stored in the local variable with index 1 which is x. iload_1 : The value at the location 1 that is the value of x which is 0, is pushed into the stack. iinc 1, 1 : The value at the memory location 1 is incremented by 1. So x now becomes 1. istore_1 : The value at the top of the stack is stored to the memory location1. That is 0 is assigned to x overwriting its incremented value.

因此，x的值不会改变，从而导致无限循环。

X = x++的工作方式如下:

首先，它计算表达式x++。对该表达式求值产生一个表达式值(即x在递增前的值)，并使x递增。 之后，它将表达式值赋给x，覆盖增量值。

因此，事件的序列如下所示(这是一个实际的反编译字节码，由javap -c生成，带有我的注释):

   8:   iload_1         // Remember current value of x in the stack
   9:   iinc    1, 1    // Increment x (doesn't change the stack)
   12:  istore_1        // Write remebered value from the stack to x

作为比较，x = ++x:

   8:   iinc    1, 1    // Increment x
   11:  iload_1         // Push value of x onto stack
   12:  istore_1        // Pop value from the stack to x

我想是因为在java++中有比=(赋值)更高的优先级…不是吗? 看看http://www.cs.uwf.edu/~eelsheik/cop2253/resources/op_precedence.html…

同理，如果x=x+1。+的优先级高于=(赋值)