如果开关值(switch(variable))不能达到默认情况，则根本不需要默认情况。即使我们保留默认情况，它也不会被执行。这是死代码。

在某些情况下，没有默认情况实际上是有益的。

If your switch cases are enums values, by not having a default case, you can get a compiler warning if you are missing any cases. That way, if new enum values are added in the future and you forget to add cases for these values in the switch, you can find out about the problem at compile time. You should still make sure the code takes appropriate action for unhandled values, in case an invalid value was cast to the enum type. So this may work best for simple cases where you can return within the enum case rather than break.

enum SomeEnum
{
    ENUM_1,
    ENUM_2,
    // More ENUM values may be added in future
};

int foo(SomeEnum value)
{
    switch (value)
    {
    case ENUM_1:
        return 1;
    case ENUM_2:
        return 2;
    }
    // handle invalid values here
    return 0;
 }

“switch”语句应该总是包含一个默认子句吗?不。它通常应该包含一个默认值。

包含默认子句只有在它需要做某些事情时才有意义，比如断言错误条件或提供默认行为。包括一个“仅仅因为”是狂热的节目，没有任何价值。这相当于说所有的“if”语句都应该包含一个“else”。

下面是一个毫无意义的小例子:

void PrintSign(int i)
{
    switch (Math.Sign(i))
    {
    case 1:
        Console.Write("positive ");
        break;
    case -1:
        Console.Write("negative ");
        break;
    default: // useless
    }
    Console.Write("integer");
}

这相当于:

void PrintSign(int i)
{
    int sgn = Math.Sign(i);
    if (sgn == 1)
        Console.Write("positive ");
    else if (sgn == -1)
        Console.Write("negative ");
    else // also useless
    {
    }
    Console.Write("integer");
}

我不同意上面Vanwaril投票最多的回答。

任何代码都会增加复杂性。此外，还必须为此进行测试和文档编制。所以用更少的代码编程总是好的。我的观点是，我对非穷举switch语句使用default子句，而对穷举switch语句不使用default子句。为了确保我做对了，我使用了静态代码分析工具。让我们来详细了解一下:

Nonexhaustive switch statements: Those should always have a default value. As the name suggests those are statements which do not cover all possible values. This also might not be possible, e.g. a switch statement on an integer value or on a String. Here I would like to use the example of Vanwaril (It should be mentioned that I think he used this example to make a wrong suggestion. I use it here to state the opposite --> Use a default statement): switch(keystroke) { case 'w': // move up case 'a': // move left case 's': // move down case 'd': // move right default: // cover all other values of the non-exhaustive switch statement } The player could press any other key. Then we could not do anything (this can be shown in the code just by adding a comment to the default case) or it should for example print something on the screen. This case is relevant as it may happen. Exhaustive switch statements: Those switch statements cover all possible values, e.g. a switch statement on an enumeration of grade system types. When developing code the first time it is easy to cover all values. However, as we are humans there is a small chance to forget some. Additionally if you add an enum value later such that all switch statements have to be adapted to make them exhaustive again opens the path to error hell. The simple solution is a static code analysis tool. The tool should check all switch statements and check if they are exhaustive or if they have a default value. Here an example for an exhaustive switch statement. First we need an enum: public enum GradeSystemType {System1To6, SystemAToD, System0To100} Then we need a variable of this enum like GradeSystemType type = .... An exhaustive switch statement would then look like this: switch(type) { case GradeSystemType.System1To6: // do something case GradeSystemType.SystemAToD: // do something case GradeSystemType.System0To100: // do something } So if we extend the GradeSystemType by for example System1To3 the static code analysis tool should detect that there is no default clause and the switch statement is not exhaustive so we are save.

还有一件事。如果我们总是使用默认子句，那么静态代码分析工具可能无法检测穷尽性或非穷尽性switch语句，因为它总是检测到默认子句。这是非常糟糕的，因为如果我们将枚举扩展为另一个值，并且忘记将其添加到一个switch语句中，我们将不会得到通知。

在我的公司，我们为航空电子设备和国防市场编写软件，我们总是包含一个默认语句，因为switch语句中的所有情况都必须显式处理(即使它只是一个说“什么都不做”的注释)。我们不能让软件只是行为不端，或者仅仅是在意外值(甚至是我们认为不可能的值)上崩溃。

可以讨论的是，默认情况并不总是必要的，但通过总是需要它，我们的代码分析人员很容易检查它。

您应该有一个默认值来捕捉传入的非预期值。

然而，我不同意Adrian Smith关于默认的错误消息应该是完全没有意义的。可能会有一个你没有预见到的未处理的情况(这是一点)，你的用户最终会看到，像“无法到达”这样的消息是完全没有意义的，在这种情况下对任何人都没有帮助。

举个例子，你有多少次经历过毫无意义的蓝皮书?或者致命异常@ 0x352FBB3C32342?