好吧，所以我最终用我在这里写的代码，在我的网站上链接是死的，在archive.org上查看(也可在GitHub上)。我可以以以下方式使用它:

from filelock import FileLock

with FileLock("myfile.txt"):
    # work with the file as it is now locked
    print("Lock acquired.")

这招对我很管用: 不占用大文件，分布在几个小文件中 创建文件Temp，删除文件A，然后将文件Temp重命名为A。

import os
import json

def Server():
    i = 0
    while i == 0:
        try:        
                with open(File_Temp, "w") as file:
                    json.dump(DATA, file, indent=2)
                if os.path.exists(File_A):
                    os.remove(File_A)
                os.rename(File_Temp, File_A)
                i = 1
        except OSError as e:
                print ("file locked: " ,str(e))
                time.sleep(1)
            
            
def Clients():
    i = 0
    while i == 0:
        try:
            if os.path.exists(File_A):
                with open(File_A,"r") as file:
                    DATA_Temp = file.read()
            DATA = json.loads(DATA_Temp)
            i = 1
        except OSError as e:
            print (str(e))
            time.sleep(1)

如果你只需要Mac/POSIX，这应该在没有外部包的情况下工作。

import sys
import stat
import os


filePath = "<PATH TO FILE>"
if sys.platform == 'darwin':
  flags = os.stat(filePath).st_flags
  if flags & ~stat.UF_IMMUTABLE:
    os.chflags(filePath, flags & stat.UF_IMMUTABLE)

如果你想解锁一个文件，只要修改一下，

  if flags & stat.UF_IMMUTABLE:
    os.chflags(filePath, flags & ~stat.UF_IMMUTABLE)

在操作系统级别协调对单个文件的访问充满了您可能不想解决的各种问题。

最好的办法是有一个单独的进程来协调对该文件的读写访问。

锁定是平台和设备特定的，但一般来说，你有几个选择:

Use flock(), or equivalent (if your os supports it). This is advisory locking, unless you check for the lock, it's ignored. Use a lock-copy-move-unlock methodology, where you copy the file, write the new data, then move it (move, not copy - move is an atomic operation in Linux -- check your OS), and you check for the existence of the lock file. Use a directory as a "lock". This is necessary if you're writing to NFS, since NFS doesn't support flock(). There's also the possibility of using shared memory between the processes, but I've never tried that; it's very OS-specific.

对于所有这些方法，您必须使用自旋锁(失败后重试)技术来获取和测试锁。这确实为错误同步留下了一个小窗口，但它通常小到不会成为一个大问题。

如果您正在寻找跨平台的解决方案，那么您最好通过其他机制将日志记录到另一个系统(其次是上面的NFS技术)。

请注意，sqlite在NFS上受到与普通文件相同的约束，因此您不能在网络共享上写入sqlite数据库并免费获得同步。

你会发现pylocker很有用。它可以用于锁定文件或一般的锁定机制，并且可以从多个Python进程一次访问。

如果你只是想锁定一个文件，下面是它的工作原理:

import uuid
from pylocker import Locker

#  create a unique lock pass. This can be any string.
lpass = str(uuid.uuid1())

# create locker instance.
FL = Locker(filePath='myfile.txt', lockPass=lpass, mode='w')

# aquire the lock
with FL as r:
    # get the result
    acquired, code, fd  = r

    # check if aquired.
    if fd is not None:
        print fd
        fd.write("I have succesfuly aquired the lock !")

# no need to release anything or to close the file descriptor, 
# with statement takes care of that. let's print fd and verify that.
print fd