一般来说，在C/ c++中没有标准的signum函数，缺少这样一个基本函数说明了很多关于这些语言的信息。

除此之外，我相信关于定义这样一个函数的正确方法的两种主流观点在某种程度上是正确的，而且一旦你考虑到两个重要的警告，关于它的“争议”实际上是没有争议的:

A signum function should always return the type of its operand, similarly to an abs() function, because signum is usually used for multiplication with an absolute value after the latter has been processed somehow. Therefore, the major use case of signum is not comparisons but arithmetic, and the latter shouldn't involve any expensive integer-to/from-floating-point conversions. Floating point types do not feature a single exact zero value: +0.0 can be interpreted as "infinitesimally above zero", and -0.0 as "infinitesimally below zero". That's the reason why comparisons involving zero must internally check against both values, and an expression like x == 0.0 can be dangerous.

对于C语言，我认为使用整型的最佳方法确实是使用(x > 0) - (x < 0)表达式，因为它应该以一种无分支的方式进行转换，并且只需要三个基本操作。最好定义强制返回类型与实参类型匹配的内联函数，并添加C11 define _Generic来将这些函数映射到公共名称。

With floating point values, I think inline functions based on C11 copysignf(1.0f, x), copysign(1.0, x), and copysignl(1.0l, x) are the way to go, simply because they're also highly likely to be branch-free, and additionally do not require casting the result from integer back into a floating point value. You should probably comment prominently that your floating point implementations of signum will not return zero because of the peculiarities of floating point zero values, processing time considerations, and also because it is often very useful in floating point arithmetic to receive the correct -1/+1 sign, even for zero values.

显然，最初的帖子的问题的答案是否定的。没有标准的c++ sgn函数。

我不知道它的标准函数。这里有一种有趣的写法:

(x > 0) - (x < 0)

这里有一个更容易理解的方法:

if (x > 0) return 1;
if (x < 0) return -1;
return 0;

如果你喜欢三元运算符，你可以这样做:

(x > 0) ? 1 : ((x < 0) ? -1 : 0)

一般来说，在C/ c++中没有标准的signum函数，缺少这样一个基本函数说明了很多关于这些语言的信息。

除此之外，我相信关于定义这样一个函数的正确方法的两种主流观点在某种程度上是正确的，而且一旦你考虑到两个重要的警告，关于它的“争议”实际上是没有争议的:

A signum function should always return the type of its operand, similarly to an abs() function, because signum is usually used for multiplication with an absolute value after the latter has been processed somehow. Therefore, the major use case of signum is not comparisons but arithmetic, and the latter shouldn't involve any expensive integer-to/from-floating-point conversions. Floating point types do not feature a single exact zero value: +0.0 can be interpreted as "infinitesimally above zero", and -0.0 as "infinitesimally below zero". That's the reason why comparisons involving zero must internally check against both values, and an expression like x == 0.0 can be dangerous.

对于C语言，我认为使用整型的最佳方法确实是使用(x > 0) - (x < 0)表达式，因为它应该以一种无分支的方式进行转换，并且只需要三个基本操作。最好定义强制返回类型与实参类型匹配的内联函数，并添加C11 define _Generic来将这些函数映射到公共名称。

With floating point values, I think inline functions based on C11 copysignf(1.0f, x), copysign(1.0, x), and copysignl(1.0l, x) are the way to go, simply because they're also highly likely to be branch-free, and additionally do not require casting the result from integer back into a floating point value. You should probably comment prominently that your floating point implementations of signum will not return zero because of the peculiarities of floating point zero values, processing time considerations, and also because it is often very useful in floating point arithmetic to receive the correct -1/+1 sign, even for zero values.

如果boost可用，可以使用boost/math/special_functions/sign.hpp中的boost::math::sign()方法。

比上述解决方案更快，包括评级最高的一个:

(x < 0) ? -1 : (x > 0)