一个非常重要的实际差异发生在子类化时。如果你不介意的话，我会劫持@unsubu的例子：

class A: 
    def foo(self, x): 
        print("executing foo(%s, %s)" % (self, x)) 
 
    @classmethod
    def class_foo(cls, x): 
        print("executing class_foo(%s, %s)" % (cls, x))
 
    @staticmethod 
    def static_foo(x): 
        print("executing static_foo(%s)" % x)

class B(A):
    pass

在class_foo中，该方法知道它是在哪个类上调用的：

A.class_foo(1)
# => executing class_foo(<class '__main__.A'>, 1)
B.class_foo(1)
# => executing class_foo(<class '__main__.B'>, 1)

在static_foo中，无法确定它是在A还是B上调用的：

A.static_foo(1)
# => executing static_foo(1)
B.static_foo(1)
# => executing static_foo(1)

注意，这并不意味着您不能在静态方法中使用其他方法，您只需直接引用类，这意味着子类的静态方法仍将引用父类：

class A:
    @classmethod
    def class_qux(cls, x):
        print(f"executing class_qux({cls}, {x})")
    
    @classmethod
    def class_bar(cls, x):
        cls.class_qux(x)

    @staticmethod
    def static_bar(x):
        A.class_qux(x)

class B(A):
    pass

A.class_bar(1)
# => executing class_qux(<class '__main__.A'>, 1)
B.class_bar(1)
# => executing class_qux(<class '__main__.B'>, 1)
A.static_bar(1)
# => executing class_qux(<class '__main__.A'>, 1)
B.static_bar(1)
# => executing class_qux(<class '__main__.A'>, 1)

我将用一个例子来解释基本的区别。

class A(object):
    x = 0

    def say_hi(self):
        pass

    @staticmethod
    def say_hi_static():
        pass

    @classmethod
    def say_hi_class(cls):
        pass

    def run_self(self):
        self.x += 1
        print self.x # outputs 1
        self.say_hi()
        self.say_hi_static()
        self.say_hi_class()

    @staticmethod
    def run_static():
        print A.x  # outputs 0
        # A.say_hi() #  wrong
        A.say_hi_static()
        A.say_hi_class()

    @classmethod
    def run_class(cls):
        print cls.x # outputs 0
        # cls.say_hi() #  wrong
        cls.say_hi_static()
        cls.say_hi_class()

1-我们可以直接调用静态和类方法，而无需初始化

# A.run_self() #  wrong
A.run_static()
A.run_class()

2-静态方法不能调用self方法，但可以调用其他静态和类方法

3-静态方法属于类，根本不会使用对象。

4-类方法不绑定到对象，而是绑定到类。

我的贡献展示了@classmethod、@staticmethod和实例方法之间的区别，包括实例如何间接调用@staticmmethod。但是，与其从实例间接调用@staticmethod，不如将其私有化可能更“Python化”。这里没有演示从私有方法获取内容，但基本上是相同的概念。

#!python3

from os import system
system('cls')
# %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %

class DemoClass(object):
    # instance methods need a class instance and
    # can access the instance through 'self'
    def instance_method_1(self):
        return 'called from inside the instance_method_1()'

    def instance_method_2(self):
        # an instance outside the class indirectly calls the static_method
        return self.static_method() + ' via instance_method_2()'

    # class methods don't need a class instance, they can't access the
    # instance (self) but they have access to the class itself via 'cls'
    @classmethod
    def class_method(cls):
        return 'called from inside the class_method()'

    # static methods don't have access to 'cls' or 'self', they work like
    # regular functions but belong to the class' namespace
    @staticmethod
    def static_method():
        return 'called from inside the static_method()'
# %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %

# works even if the class hasn't been instantiated
print(DemoClass.class_method() + '\n')
''' called from inside the class_method() '''

# works even if the class hasn't been instantiated
print(DemoClass.static_method() + '\n')
''' called from inside the static_method() '''
# %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %

# >>>>> all methods types can be called on a class instance <<<<<
# instantiate the class
democlassObj = DemoClass()

# call instance_method_1()
print(democlassObj.instance_method_1() + '\n')
''' called from inside the instance_method_1() '''

# # indirectly call static_method through instance_method_2(), there's really no use
# for this since a @staticmethod can be called whether the class has been
# instantiated or not
print(democlassObj.instance_method_2() + '\n')
''' called from inside the static_method() via instance_method_2() '''

# call class_method()
print(democlassObj.class_method() + '\n')
'''  called from inside the class_method() '''

# call static_method()
print(democlassObj.static_method())
''' called from inside the static_method() '''

"""
# whether the class is instantiated or not, this doesn't work
print(DemoClass.instance_method_1() + '\n')
'''
TypeError: TypeError: unbound method instancemethod() must be called with
DemoClass instance as first argument (got nothing instead)
'''
"""

静态方法：

没有自参数的简单函数。处理类属性；而不是实例属性。可以通过类和实例调用。内置函数staticmethod（）用于创建它们。

静态方法的优点：

它在类作用域中本地化函数名它将功能代码移动到使用位置附近与模块级函数相比，导入更方便，因为不必专门导入每个方法@静态方法定义some_static_method（*args，**kwds）：通过

类方法：

将第一个参数作为类名的函数。可以通过类和实例调用。这些是用内置函数中的classmethod创建的。@分类法定义some_class_method（cls，*args，**kwds）：通过

对iPython中其他相同方法的快速破解表明，@staticmethod产生了边际性能增益（以纳秒为单位），但在其他方面它似乎没有任何作用。此外，在编译过程中通过staticmethod（）处理方法的额外工作（这在运行脚本时任何代码执行之前发生）可能会抵消任何性能提升。

为了代码的可读性，我会避免@staticmethod，除非您的方法将用于纳秒计数的工作量。

基本上，@classmethod生成的方法的第一个参数是从中调用的类（而不是类实例），@staticmethod没有任何隐式参数。