让我先告诉一下用@classmethod修饰的方法和@staticmethod修饰的方法之间的相似性。

相似性：它们都可以在类本身上调用，而不仅仅是类的实例。所以，在某种意义上，这两种方法都是Class的方法。

区别：类方法将接收类本身作为第一个参数，而静态方法不接收。

因此，在某种意义上，静态方法并不绑定到类本身，只是因为它可能具有相关功能而挂在那里。

>>> class Klaus:
        @classmethod
        def classmthd(*args):
            return args

        @staticmethod
        def staticmthd(*args):
            return args

# 1. Call classmethod without any arg
>>> Klaus.classmthd()  
(__main__.Klaus,)  # the class gets passed as the first argument

# 2. Call classmethod with 1 arg
>>> Klaus.classmthd('chumma')
(__main__.Klaus, 'chumma')

# 3. Call staticmethod without any arg
>>> Klaus.staticmthd()  
()

# 4. Call staticmethod with 1 arg
>>> Klaus.staticmthd('chumma')
('chumma',)

当存在继承时，就会出现差异。

假设有两个类——父类和子类。如果要使用@staticmethod，print_name方法应该写两次，因为类的名称应该写在打印行中。

class Parent:
   _class_name = "Parent"

   @staticmethod
   def print_name():
       print(Parent._class_name)


class Child(Parent):
   _class_name = "Child"

   @staticmethod
   def print_name():
       print(Child._class_name)


Parent.print_name()
Child.print_name()

但是，对于@classmethod，不需要编写print_name方法两次。

class Parent:
    _class_name = "Parent"

    @classmethod
    def print_name(cls):
        print(cls._class_name)


class Child(Parent):
    _class_name = "Child"


Parent.print_name()
Child.print_name()

一个非常重要的实际差异发生在子类化时。如果你不介意的话，我会劫持@unsubu的例子：

class A: 
    def foo(self, x): 
        print("executing foo(%s, %s)" % (self, x)) 
 
    @classmethod
    def class_foo(cls, x): 
        print("executing class_foo(%s, %s)" % (cls, x))
 
    @staticmethod 
    def static_foo(x): 
        print("executing static_foo(%s)" % x)

class B(A):
    pass

在class_foo中，该方法知道它是在哪个类上调用的：

A.class_foo(1)
# => executing class_foo(<class '__main__.A'>, 1)
B.class_foo(1)
# => executing class_foo(<class '__main__.B'>, 1)

在static_foo中，无法确定它是在A还是B上调用的：

A.static_foo(1)
# => executing static_foo(1)
B.static_foo(1)
# => executing static_foo(1)

注意，这并不意味着您不能在静态方法中使用其他方法，您只需直接引用类，这意味着子类的静态方法仍将引用父类：

class A:
    @classmethod
    def class_qux(cls, x):
        print(f"executing class_qux({cls}, {x})")
    
    @classmethod
    def class_bar(cls, x):
        cls.class_qux(x)

    @staticmethod
    def static_bar(x):
        A.class_qux(x)

class B(A):
    pass

A.class_bar(1)
# => executing class_qux(<class '__main__.A'>, 1)
B.class_bar(1)
# => executing class_qux(<class '__main__.B'>, 1)
A.static_bar(1)
# => executing class_qux(<class '__main__.A'>, 1)
B.static_bar(1)
# => executing class_qux(<class '__main__.A'>, 1)

我的贡献展示了@classmethod、@staticmethod和实例方法之间的区别，包括实例如何间接调用@staticmmethod。但是，与其从实例间接调用@staticmethod，不如将其私有化可能更“Python化”。这里没有演示从私有方法获取内容，但基本上是相同的概念。

#!python3

from os import system
system('cls')
# %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %

class DemoClass(object):
    # instance methods need a class instance and
    # can access the instance through 'self'
    def instance_method_1(self):
        return 'called from inside the instance_method_1()'

    def instance_method_2(self):
        # an instance outside the class indirectly calls the static_method
        return self.static_method() + ' via instance_method_2()'

    # class methods don't need a class instance, they can't access the
    # instance (self) but they have access to the class itself via 'cls'
    @classmethod
    def class_method(cls):
        return 'called from inside the class_method()'

    # static methods don't have access to 'cls' or 'self', they work like
    # regular functions but belong to the class' namespace
    @staticmethod
    def static_method():
        return 'called from inside the static_method()'
# %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %

# works even if the class hasn't been instantiated
print(DemoClass.class_method() + '\n')
''' called from inside the class_method() '''

# works even if the class hasn't been instantiated
print(DemoClass.static_method() + '\n')
''' called from inside the static_method() '''
# %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %   %

# >>>>> all methods types can be called on a class instance <<<<<
# instantiate the class
democlassObj = DemoClass()

# call instance_method_1()
print(democlassObj.instance_method_1() + '\n')
''' called from inside the instance_method_1() '''

# # indirectly call static_method through instance_method_2(), there's really no use
# for this since a @staticmethod can be called whether the class has been
# instantiated or not
print(democlassObj.instance_method_2() + '\n')
''' called from inside the static_method() via instance_method_2() '''

# call class_method()
print(democlassObj.class_method() + '\n')
'''  called from inside the class_method() '''

# call static_method()
print(democlassObj.static_method())
''' called from inside the static_method() '''

"""
# whether the class is instantiated or not, this doesn't work
print(DemoClass.instance_method_1() + '\n')
'''
TypeError: TypeError: unbound method instancemethod() must be called with
DemoClass instance as first argument (got nothing instead)
'''
"""

静态方法是一种对所调用的类或实例一无所知的方法。它只获取传递的参数，而不是隐式的第一个参数。它在Python中基本上是无用的——您可以只使用模块函数而不是静态方法。

另一方面，类方法是一种方法，它将被调用的类或被调用的实例的类作为第一个参数传递。当您希望该方法成为类的工厂时，这很有用：因为它获得了作为第一个参数调用的实际类，所以即使涉及子类，您也可以始终实例化正确的类。例如，观察类方法dict.fromkeys（）在子类上调用时如何返回子类的实例：

>>> class DictSubclass(dict):
...     def __repr__(self):
...         return "DictSubclass"
... 
>>> dict.fromkeys("abc")
{'a': None, 'c': None, 'b': None}
>>> DictSubclass.fromkeys("abc")
DictSubclass
>>> 

太长，读不下去了

静态方法本质上是绑定到类（及其实例）的函数

类方法本质上是一种可继承的静态方法。

有关详细信息，请参阅其他人的优秀答案。