这里有一个很好的文档记录和完全类型提示的装饰器，我将其用作通用工具：

from functools import wraps
from time import perf_counter
from typing import Any, Callable, Optional, TypeVar, cast

F = TypeVar("F", bound=Callable[..., Any])


def timer(prefix: Optional[str] = None, precision: int = 6) -> Callable[[F], F]:
    """Use as a decorator to time the execution of any function.

    Args:
        prefix: String to print before the time taken.
            Default is the name of the function.
        precision: How many decimals to include in the seconds value.

    Examples:
        >>> @timer()
        ... def foo(x):
        ...     return x
        >>> foo(123)
        foo: 0.000...s
        123
        >>> @timer("Time taken: ", 2)
        ... def foo(x):
        ...     return x
        >>> foo(123)
        Time taken: 0.00s
        123

    """
    def decorator(func: F) -> F:
        @wraps(func)
        def wrapper(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
            nonlocal prefix
            prefix = prefix if prefix is not None else f"{func.__name__}: "
            start = perf_counter()
            result = func(*args, **kwargs)
            end = perf_counter()
            print(f"{prefix}{end - start:.{precision}f}s")
            return result
        return cast(F, wrapper)
    return decorator

示例用法：

from timer import timer


@timer(precision=9)
def takes_long(x: int) -> bool:
    return x in (i for i in range(x + 1))


result = takes_long(10**8)
print(result)

输出：耗时：4.942629056秒真的

可以通过以下方式检查doctest：

$ python3 -m doctest --verbose -o=ELLIPSIS timer.py

类型提示：

$ mypy timer.py

我参加聚会已经很晚了，但这种方法以前没有涉及过。当我们想要手动对某段代码进行基准测试时，我们可能需要首先找出哪些类方法占用了执行时间，这有时并不明显。我构建了以下元类来解决这个问题：

from __future__ import annotations

from functools import wraps
from time import time
from typing import Any, Callable, TypeVar, cast

F = TypeVar('F', bound=Callable[..., Any])


def timed_method(func: F, prefix: str | None = None) -> F:
    prefix = (prefix + ' ') if prefix else ''

    @wraps(func)
    def inner(*args, **kwargs):  # type: ignore
        start = time()
        try:
            ret = func(*args, **kwargs)
        except BaseException:
            print(f'[ERROR] {prefix}{func.__qualname__}: {time() - start}')
            raise
        
        print(f'{prefix}{func.__qualname__}: {time() - start}')
        return ret

    return cast(F, inner)


class TimedClass(type):
    def __new__(
        cls: type[TimedClass],
        name: str,
        bases: tuple[type[type], ...],
        attrs: dict[str, Any],
        **kwargs: Any,
    ) -> TimedClass:
        for name, attr in attrs.items():
            if isinstance(attr, (classmethod, staticmethod)):
                attrs[name] = type(attr)(timed_method(attr.__func__))
            elif isinstance(attr, property):
                attrs[name] = property(
                    timed_method(attr.fget, 'get') if attr.fget is not None else None,
                    timed_method(attr.fset, 'set') if attr.fset is not None else None,
                    timed_method(attr.fdel, 'del') if attr.fdel is not None else None,
                )
            elif callable(attr):
                attrs[name] = timed_method(attr)

        return super().__new__(cls, name, bases, attrs)

它允许如下使用：

class MyClass(metaclass=TimedClass):
    def foo(self): 
        print('foo')
    
    @classmethod
    def bar(cls): 
        print('bar')
    
    @staticmethod
    def baz(): 
        print('baz')
    
    @property
    def prop(self): 
        print('prop')
    
    @prop.setter
    def prop(self, v): 
        print('fset')
    
    @prop.deleter
    def prop(self): 
        print('fdel')


c = MyClass()

c.foo()
c.bar()
c.baz()
c.prop
c.prop = 2
del c.prop

MyClass.bar()
MyClass.baz()

它打印：

foo
MyClass.foo: 1.621246337890625e-05
bar
MyClass.bar: 4.5299530029296875e-06
baz
MyClass.baz: 4.291534423828125e-06
prop
get MyClass.prop: 3.814697265625e-06
fset
set MyClass.prop: 3.5762786865234375e-06
fdel
del MyClass.prop: 3.5762786865234375e-06
bar
MyClass.bar: 3.814697265625e-06
baz
MyClass.baz: 4.0531158447265625e-06

它可以与其他答案相结合，以更精确的方式代替time.time。

仅Python 3：

由于从Python 3.3开始，time.cclock（）已被弃用，因此您将希望使用time.perf_counter（）进行系统范围的计时，或使用time.process_time（）进行进程范围的计时（就像您以前使用time.cclok（）的方式一样）：

import time

t = time.process_time()
#do some stuff
elapsed_time = time.process_time() - t

新函数process_time将不包括睡眠期间经过的时间。

我更喜欢这个。timeit医生太令人困惑了。

from datetime import datetime 

start_time = datetime.now() 

# INSERT YOUR CODE 

time_elapsed = datetime.now() - start_time 

print('Time elapsed (hh:mm:ss.ms) {}'.format(time_elapsed))

注意，这里没有进行任何格式化，我只是在打印输出中写入hh:mm:ss，以便可以解释time_elapsed

import time

def getElapsedTime(startTime, units):
    elapsedInSeconds = time.time() - startTime
    if units == 'sec':
        return elapsedInSeconds
    if units == 'min':
        return elapsedInSeconds/60
    if units == 'hour':
        return elapsedInSeconds/(60*60)

除了ipython中的%timeit之外，您还可以使用%%timeit进行多行代码片段：

In [1]: %%timeit
   ...: complex_func()
   ...: 2 + 2 == 5
   ...:
   ...:

1 s ± 1.93 ms per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1 loop each)

同样，它也可以以同样的方式在jupyter笔记本中使用，只需将magic%%timeit放在单元格的开头。