有时同一个程序必须处理不同的数据库结构。因此，我不能在程序中使用列列表来避免选择语句中的错误。

*给出所有可选字段。我在使用之前检查数据表中是否存在字段。这就是我在select中使用*的原因。

这是我如何处理排除字段:

Dim da As New SqlDataAdapter("select * from table", cn)
da.FillSchema(dt, SchemaType.Source)
Dim fieldlist As String = ""
For Each DC As DataColumn In DT.Columns
   If DC.ColumnName.ToLower <> excludefield Then
    fieldlist = fieldlist &  DC.Columnname & ","
   End If
  Next

这样做不是更简单吗:

sp_help <table_name>

点击“Column_name”列>复制>粘贴(创建一个垂直列表)到新建查询窗口，只需在每个列值前面键入逗号…注释掉你不想要的专栏。比这里提供的任何代码都要少得多，而且仍然是可管理的。

是的，这是可能的(但不建议)。

CREATE TABLE contact (contactid int, name varchar(100), dob datetime)
INSERT INTO contact SELECT 1, 'Joe', '1974-01-01'

DECLARE @columns varchar(8000)

SELECT @columns = ISNULL(@columns + ', ','') + QUOTENAME(column_name)
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'contact' AND COLUMN_NAME <> 'dob'
ORDER BY ORDINAL_POSITION

EXEC ('SELECT ' + @columns + ' FROM contact')

代码说明:

Declare a variable to store a comma separated list of column names. This defaults to NULL. Use a system view to determine the names of the columns in our table. Use SELECT @variable = @variable + ... FROM to concatenate the column names. This type of SELECT does not not return a result set. This is perhaps undocumented behaviour but works in every version of SQL Server. As an alternative you could use SET @variable = (SELECT ... FOR XML PATH('')) to concatenate strings. Use the ISNULL function to prepend a comma only if this is not the first column name. Use the QUOTENAME function to support spaces and punctuation in column names. Use the WHERE clause to hide columns we don't want to see. Use EXEC (@variable), also known as dynamic SQL, to resolve the column names at runtime. This is needed because we don't know the column names at compile time.

简单的解决方案。在SSMS中，找到您的表，右键单击它和脚本表As，然后选择到。查询将被写入列出的每一列。注释掉或删除您不想要的列。非常快速和简单的解决方案忽略一个列。

当我使用视图而不是实际表时，BartoszX提出的答案(存储过程)对我不起作用。

下面的想法和代码(除了我的修复)属于BartoszX。

为了使它既适用于表，也适用于视图，使用以下代码:

SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[select_without]
@schema_name sysname = N'dbo',
@table_name sysname,
@list_of_columns_excluded nvarchar(max),
@separator nchar(1) = N','
AS
BEGIN
 DECLARE 
 @SQL nvarchar(max),
 @full_table_name nvarchar(max) = CONCAT(@schema_name, N'.', @table_name);

 SELECT @SQL = COALESCE(@SQL + ', ', '') + QUOTENAME([Name])
 FROM sys.columns sc
 LEFT JOIN STRING_SPLIT(@list_of_columns_excluded, @separator) ss ON sc.[name] = ss.[value]
 WHERE sc.OBJECT_ID = OBJECT_ID(@full_table_name)
 AND ss.[value] IS NULL;

 SELECT @SQL = N'SELECT ' + @SQL + N' FROM ' + @full_table_name;
 EXEC(@SQL)
END
GO

Postgres sql有一种方法

请参考: http://www.postgresonline.com/journal/archives/41-How-to-SELECT-ALL-EXCEPT-some-columns-in-a-table.html

信息Schema Hack方法

SELECT 'SELECT ' || array_to_string(ARRAY(SELECT 'o' || '.' || c.column_name
        FROM information_schema.columns As c
            WHERE table_name = 'officepark' 
            AND  c.column_name NOT IN('officeparkid', 'contractor')
    ), ',') || ' FROM officepark As o' As sqlstmt

对于我的特定示例表，上面的代码生成如下所示的sql语句

选择o.officepark、o.owner o.squarefootage 从办公室公园As o