给定一本这样的字典:
my_map = {'a': 1, 'b': 2}
如何将此映射颠倒得到:
inv_map = {1: 'a', 2: 'b'}
当前回答
函数对于list类型的值是对称的;执行reverse_dict(reverse_dict(dictionary))时，元组被转换为列表
def reverse_dict(dictionary):
reverse_dict = {}
for key, value in dictionary.iteritems():
if not isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
value = [value]
for val in value:
reverse_dict[val] = reverse_dict.get(val, [])
reverse_dict[val].append(key)
for key, value in reverse_dict.iteritems():
if len(value) == 1:
reverse_dict[key] = value[0]
return reverse_dict
其他回答
即使在原始字典中有非唯一的值，这种方法也有效。
def dict_invert(d):
'''
d: dict
Returns an inverted dictionary
'''
# Your code here
inv_d = {}
for k, v in d.items():
if v not in inv_d.keys():
inv_d[v] = [k]
else:
inv_d[v].append(k)
inv_d[v].sort()
print(f"{inv_d[v]} are the values")
return inv_d
我在循环'for'和方法'.get()'的帮助下写了这篇文章，我把字典的'map'名字改为'map1'，因为'map'是一个函数。
def dict_invert(map1):
inv_map = {} # new dictionary
for key in map1.keys():
inv_map[map1.get(key)] = key
return inv_map
def invertDictionary(d):
myDict = {}
for i in d:
value = d.get(i)
myDict.setdefault(value,[]).append(i)
return myDict
print invertDictionary({'a':1, 'b':2, 'c':3 , 'd' : 1})
这将提供输出为:{1:(' a ', ' d '), 2: [b], 3: [' c ']}
我们也可以使用defaultdict来反转一个有重复键的字典:
from collections import Counter, defaultdict
def invert_dict(d):
d_inv = defaultdict(list)
for k, v in d.items():
d_inv[v].append(k)
return d_inv
text = 'aaa bbb ccc ddd aaa bbb ccc aaa'
c = Counter(text.split()) # Counter({'aaa': 3, 'bbb': 2, 'ccc': 2, 'ddd': 1})
dict(invert_dict(c)) # {1: ['ddd'], 2: ['bbb', 'ccc'], 3: ['aaa']}
在这里看到的:
这种技术比使用dict.setdefault()的等效技术更简单、更快。
函数对于list类型的值是对称的;执行reverse_dict(reverse_dict(dictionary))时，元组被转换为列表
def reverse_dict(dictionary):
reverse_dict = {}
for key, value in dictionary.iteritems():
if not isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
value = [value]
for val in value:
reverse_dict[val] = reverse_dict.get(val, [])
reverse_dict[val].append(key)
for key, value in reverse_dict.iteritems():
if len(value) == 1:
reverse_dict[key] = value[0]
return reverse_dict
