试试python 2.7/3.x

inv_map={};
for i in my_map:
    inv_map[my_map[i]]=i    
print inv_map

dict([(value, key) for key, value in d.items()])

字典值为集合的一种情况。如:

some_dict = {"1":{"a","b","c"},
        "2":{"d","e","f"},
        "3":{"g","h","i"}}

逆函数是:

some_dict = {vi: k  for k, v in some_dict.items() for vi in v}

输出如下:

{'c': '1',
 'b': '1',
 'a': '1',
 'f': '2',
 'd': '2',
 'e': '2',
 'g': '3',
 'h': '3',
 'i': '3'}

如果my_map中的值不是唯一的:

Python 3:

inv_map = {}
for k, v in my_map.items():
    inv_map[v] = inv_map.get(v, []) + [k]

Python 2:

inv_map = {}
for k, v in my_map.iteritems():
    inv_map[v] = inv_map.get(v, []) + [k]

非双射地图的快速功能性解决方案(值不唯一):

from itertools import imap, groupby

def fst(s):
    return s[0]

def snd(s):
    return s[1]

def inverseDict(d):
    """
    input d: a -> b
    output : b -> set(a)
    """
    return {
        v : set(imap(fst, kv_iter))
        for (v, kv_iter) in groupby(
            sorted(d.iteritems(),
                   key=snd),
            key=snd
        )
    }

理论上，这应该比命令式解决方案中那样逐个添加到集合(或添加到列表)更快。

不幸的是，值必须是可排序的，排序是由groupby要求的。

Python 3 +:

inv_map = {v: k for k, v in my_map.items()}

Python 2:

inv_map = {v: k for k, v in my_map.iteritems()}