有没有比下面的pausecomp函数(取自此处)更好的方法来设计JavaScript中的睡眠?

function pausecomp(millis)
{
    var date = new Date();
    var curDate = null;
    do { curDate = new Date(); }
    while(curDate-date < millis);
}

这不是JavaScript中的Sleep的重复-动作之间的延迟;我希望在函数的中间有一个真正的睡眠,而不是在代码执行之前有一段延迟。


当前回答

从该链接获取的代码不会冻结计算机。但它只在Firefox中有效。

/**
 * Netscape compatible WaitForDelay function.
 * You can use it as an alternative to Thread.Sleep() in any major programming language
 * that support it while JavaScript it self doesn't have any built-in function to do such a thing.
 * parameters:
 * (Number) delay in millisecond
 */
function nsWaitForDelay(delay) {
    /**
     * Just uncomment this code if you're building an extension for Firefox.
     * Since Firefox 3, we'll have to ask for user permission to execute XPCOM objects.
     */
    netscape.security.PrivilegeManager.enablePrivilege("UniversalXPConnect");

    // Get the current thread.
    var thread = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/thread-manager;1"].getService(Components.interfaces.nsIThreadManager).currentThread;

    // Create an inner property to be used later as a notifier.
    this.delayed = true;

    /* Call JavaScript setTimeout function
      * to execute this.delayed = false
      * after it finishes.
      */
    setTimeout("this.delayed = false;", delay);

    /**
     * Keep looping until this.delayed = false
     */
    while (this.delayed) {
        /**
         * This code will not freeze your browser as it's documented in here:
         * https://developer.mozilla.org/en/Code_snippets/Threads#Waiting_for_a_background_task_to_complete
         */
        thread.processNextEvent(true);
    }
}

其他回答

如果你写一个这样的睡眠函数

var sleep = function(period, decision, callback){
    var interval = setInterval(function(){
        if (decision()) {
            interval = clearInterval(interval);
            callback();
        }
    }, period);
}

你有一个异步函数可以多次调用,

var xhr = function(url, callback){
    // Make an Ajax request
    // Call a callback when the request fulfils
}

您的项目设置如下:

var ready = false;

function xhr1(){
    xhr(url1, function(){ ready = true;});
}
function xhr2(){
    xhr(url2, function(){ ready = true; });
}
function xhr3(){
    xhr(url3, function(){ ready = true; });
}

然后您可以执行以下操作:

xhr1();
sleep(100, function(){ return done; }, xhr2);
sleep(100, function(){ return done; }, xhr3);
sleep(100, function(){ return done; }, function(){
    // Do more
});

而不是像这样无休止的回调缩进:

xhr(url1, function(){
    xhr2(url2, function(){
        xhr3(url3, function(){
            // Do more
        });
    });
});

在JavaScript中,我重写了每个函数,以便它能够尽快结束。您希望浏览器恢复控制,以便它可以更改DOM。

每次我想在函数中间休眠时,我都会重构以使用setTimeout()。

Edit

任何语言中臭名昭著的睡眠或延迟功能都备受争议。有些人会说,应该总是有一个信号或回调来启动给定的功能,而另一些人会认为,有时任意的延迟时间是有用的。我说,每个人都有自己的规则,在这个行业中,一条规则永远无法支配任何事情。

编写睡眠函数很简单,而且使用JavaScript Promises更容易使用:

// sleep time expects milliseconds
function sleep (time) {
  return new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, time));
}

// Usage!
sleep(500).then(() => {
    // Do something after the sleep!
});

这可以使用Java的睡眠方法来完成。我已经在Firefox和Internet Explorer中测试过它,它不会锁定计算机,不会占用资源,也不会导致无休止的服务器攻击。对我来说,这似乎是一个干净的解决方案。

首先,您必须在页面上加载Java并使其方法可用。为了做到这一点,我这样做了:

<html>
<head>

<script type="text/javascript">

  function load() {
    var appletRef = document.getElementById("app");
    window.java = appletRef.Packages.java;
  } // endfunction

</script>

<body onLoad="load()">

<embed id="app" code="java.applet.Applet" type="application/x-java-applet" MAYSCRIPT="true" width="0" height="0" />

然后,当您想要在JavaScript代码中轻松暂停时,您需要做的就是:

java.lang.Thread.sleep(xxx)

其中xxx是以毫秒为单位的时间。在我的案例中(作为理由),这是一家非常小的公司后端订单履行的一部分,我需要打印一张必须从服务器加载的发票。我是通过将发票(作为网页)加载到iFrame中,然后打印iFrame来完成的。

当然,我必须等到页面完全加载后才能打印,所以JavaScript代码必须暂停。我通过让发票页面(在iFrame中)使用onLoad事件更改父页面上的隐藏表单字段来实现这一点。打印发票的父页面上的代码如下(为清晰起见,将不相关的部分切割):

var isReady = eval('document.batchForm.ready');
isReady.value = 0;

frames['rpc_frame'].location.href = url;

while (isReady.value == 0) {
  java.lang.Thread.sleep(250);
} // endwhile

window.frames['rpc_frame'].focus();
window.frames['rpc_frame'].print();

因此,用户按下按钮,脚本加载发票页面,等待,每季度检查一次发票页面是否完成加载,并弹出打印对话框,供用户将其发送到打印机。QED。

你不能在JavaScript中做这样的睡眠,或者更确切地说,你不应该这样做。运行sleep或while循环将导致用户的浏览器挂起,直到循环完成。

使用您引用的链接中指定的计时器。

从该链接获取的代码不会冻结计算机。但它只在Firefox中有效。

/**
 * Netscape compatible WaitForDelay function.
 * You can use it as an alternative to Thread.Sleep() in any major programming language
 * that support it while JavaScript it self doesn't have any built-in function to do such a thing.
 * parameters:
 * (Number) delay in millisecond
 */
function nsWaitForDelay(delay) {
    /**
     * Just uncomment this code if you're building an extension for Firefox.
     * Since Firefox 3, we'll have to ask for user permission to execute XPCOM objects.
     */
    netscape.security.PrivilegeManager.enablePrivilege("UniversalXPConnect");

    // Get the current thread.
    var thread = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/thread-manager;1"].getService(Components.interfaces.nsIThreadManager).currentThread;

    // Create an inner property to be used later as a notifier.
    this.delayed = true;

    /* Call JavaScript setTimeout function
      * to execute this.delayed = false
      * after it finishes.
      */
    setTimeout("this.delayed = false;", delay);

    /**
     * Keep looping until this.delayed = false
     */
    while (this.delayed) {
        /**
         * This code will not freeze your browser as it's documented in here:
         * https://developer.mozilla.org/en/Code_snippets/Threads#Waiting_for_a_background_task_to_complete
         */
        thread.processNextEvent(true);
    }
}