有没有比下面的pausecomp函数（取自此处）更好的方法来设计JavaScript中的睡眠？
function pausecomp(millis)
{
var date = new Date();
var curDate = null;
do { curDate = new Date(); }
while(curDate-date < millis);
}
这不是JavaScript中的Sleep的重复-动作之间的延迟；我希望在函数的中间有一个真正的睡眠，而不是在代码执行之前有一段延迟。
当前回答
这里有一种在.hta脚本中休眠的方法，这样当脚本唤醒时，它会按顺序执行下一个命令，这在循环中是必要的。这是一个真正的睡眠；它不会在睡眠期间保持处理器忙碌。例如，处理器能够在睡眠期间下载和呈现页面。
就一次，在代码开始时，开始
var WSHShell = new ActiveXObject ("WScript.Shell");
对于例如1秒=1000毫秒的休眠，执行以下语句
WSHShell.Run('Sleep.js 1000', 3, true);
与脚本相同的目录中有文件Sleep.js，其中包含以下一行：
WScript.Sleep(WScript.Arguments (0));
（注意；0在括号中，而不是括号中。）后者是实际执行睡眠的行。前面代码段中的参数true使调用同步。前一个参数中的3似乎没有任何效果，但你需要一些参数，以便true是第三个参数。
微软说“WScript对象……在调用其财产和方法之前，永远不需要实例化，并且它总是可以从任何脚本文件中使用。”但事实并非如此。它可以在一个独立的.js文件中使用，如上面所述，但显然不能在.hta文件使用的.js中使用，所以它必须在一个单独的文件中，如上所述调用。
其他回答
JavaScript函数不允许任何暂停。使用同步JavaScript，可以实现过程。过程等待I/O操作和睡眠超时。它可用于JavaScript 1.7。
演示：
演示睡眠演示可暂停程序
我在JavaScript sleep/wait上搜索了很多网页。。。如果你想让JavaScript“RUN，DELAY，RUN”。。。大多数人得到的要么是“RUN，RUN（无用的东西），RUN”，要么是“RUN，RUN+延迟RUN”。。。
我想：这是一个有效的解决方案。。。但你必须把你的跑步代码切碎…：是的，我知道，这只是一个更容易理解的重构。。。还
示例1：
<html>
<body>
<div id="id1">DISPLAY</div>
<script>
// JavaScript sleep by "therealdealsince1982"; copyrighted 2009
// setInterval
var i = 0;
function run() {
// Pieces of codes to run
if (i == 0){document.getElementById("id1").innerHTML= "<p>code segment " + i + " is ran</p>"; }
if (i == 1){document.getElementById("id1").innerHTML= "<p>code segment " + i + " is ran</p>"; }
if (i == 2){document.getElementById("id1").innerHTML= "<p>code segment " + i + " is ran</p>"; }
if (i >2){document.getElementById("id1").innerHTML= "<p>code segment " + i + " is ran</p>"; }
if (i == 5){document.getElementById("id1").innerHTML= "<p>all code segment finished running</p>"; clearInterval(t); } // End interval, stops run
i++; // Segment of code finished running, next...
}
run();
t = setInterval("run()", 1000);
</script>
</body>
</html>
示例2：
<html>
<body>
<div id="id1">DISPLAY</div>
<script>
// JavaScript sleep by "therealdealsince1982"; copyrighted 2009
// setTimeout
var i = 0;
function run() {
// Pieces of codes to run, can use switch statement
if (i == 0){document.getElementById("id1").innerHTML= "<p>code segment " + i + " ran</p>"; sleep(1000);}
if (i == 1){document.getElementById("id1").innerHTML= "<p>code segment " + i + " ran</p>"; sleep(2000);}
if (i == 2){document.getElementById("id1").innerHTML= "<p>code segment " + i + " ran</p>"; sleep(3000);}
if (i == 3){document.getElementById("id1").innerHTML= "<p>code segment " + i + " ran</p>";} //stops automatically
i++;
}
function sleep(dur) {t=setTimeout("run()", dur);} // Starts flow control again after 'dur'
run(); // Starts
</script>
</body>
</html>
示例3：
<html>
<body>
<div id="id1">DISPLAY</div>
<script>
// JavaScript sleep by "therealdealsince1982"; copyrighted 2009
// setTimeout
var i = 0;
function flow() {
run(i);
i++; // Code segment finished running, increment i; can put elsewhere
sleep(1000);
if (i == 5) {clearTimeout(t);} // Stops flow, must be after sleep()
}
function run(segment) {
// Pieces of codes to run, can use switch statement
if (segment == 0){document.getElementById("id1").innerHTML= "<p>code segment " + segment + " is ran</p>"; }
if (segment == 1){document.getElementById("id1").innerHTML= "<p>code segment " + segment + " is ran</p>"; }
if (segment == 2){document.getElementById("id1").innerHTML= "<p>code segment " + segment + " is ran</p>"; }
if (segment >2){document.getElementById("id1").innerHTML= "<p>code segment "+ segment +" is ran</p>"; }
}
function sleep(dur) {t=setTimeout("flow()", dur);} // Starts flow control again after 'dur'
flow(); // Starts flow
</script>
</body>
</html>
示例4：
<html>
<body>
<div id="id1">DISPLAY</div>
<script>
// JavaScript sleep by "therealdealsince1982"; copyrighted 2009
// setTimeout, switch
var i = 0;
function flow() {
switch(i)
{
case 0:
run(i);
sleep(1000);
break;
case 1:
run(i);
sleep(2000);
break;
case 5:
run(i);
clearTimeout(t); // Stops flow
break;
default:
run(i);
sleep(3000);
break;
}
}
function run(segment) {
// Pieces of codes to run, can use switch statement
if (segment == 0){document.getElementById("id1").innerHTML= "<p>code segment " + segment + " is ran</p>"; }
if (segment == 1){document.getElementById("id1").innerHTML= "<p>code segment " + segment + " is ran</p>"; }
if (segment == 2){document.getElementById("id1").innerHTML= "<p>code segment " + segment + " is ran</p>"; }
if (segment >2){document.getElementById("id1").innerHTML= "<p>code segment " + segment + " is ran</p>"; }
i++; // Current segment of code finished running, next...
}
function sleep(dur) {t=setTimeout("flow()", dur);} // Starts flow control again after 'dur'
flow(); // Starts flow control for first time...
</script>
</body>
</html>
在JavaScript中，我重写了每个函数，以便它能够尽快结束。您希望浏览器恢复控制，以便它可以更改DOM。
每次我想在函数中间休眠时，我都会重构以使用setTimeout（）。
Edit
任何语言中臭名昭著的睡眠或延迟功能都备受争议。有些人会说，应该总是有一个信号或回调来启动给定的功能，而另一些人会认为，有时任意的延迟时间是有用的。我说，每个人都有自己的规则，在这个行业中，一条规则永远无法支配任何事情。
编写睡眠函数很简单，而且使用JavaScript Promises更容易使用：
// sleep time expects milliseconds
function sleep (time) {
return new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, time));
}
// Usage!
sleep(500).then(() => {
// Do something after the sleep!
});
我相信有一百万种方法可以做得更好，但我想我可以通过创建一个对象来尝试一下：
// execute code consecutively with delays (blocking/non-blocking internally)
function timed_functions()
{
this.myfuncs = [];
this.myfuncs_delays = []; // mirrors keys of myfuncs -- values stored are custom delays, or -1 for use default
this.myfuncs_count = 0; // increment by 1 whenever we add a function
this.myfuncs_prev = -1; // previous index in array
this.myfuncs_cur = 0; // current index in array
this.myfuncs_next = 0; // next index in array
this.delay_cur = 0; // current delay in ms
this.delay_default = 0; // default delay in ms
this.loop = false; // will this object continue to execute when at end of myfuncs array?
this.finished = false; // are we there yet?
this.blocking = true; // wait till code completes before firing timer?
this.destroy = false; // <advanced> destroy self when finished
this.next_cycle = function() {
var that = this;
var mytimer = this.delay_default;
if(this.myfuncs_cur > -1)
if(this.myfuncs_delays[this.myfuncs_cur] > -1)
mytimer = this.myfuncs_delays[this.myfuncs_cur];
console.log("fnc:" + this.myfuncs_cur);
console.log("timer:" + mytimer);
console.log("custom delay:" + this.myfuncs_delays[this.myfuncs_cur]);
setTimeout(function() {
// Time is up! Next cycle...
that.cycle();
}, mytimer);
}
this.cycle = function() {
// Now check how far we are along our queue.. is this the last function?
if(this.myfuncs_next + 1 > this.myfuncs_count)
{
if(this.loop)
{
console.log('looping..');
this.myfuncs_next = 0;
}
else
this.finished = true;
}
// First check if object isn't finished
if(this.finished)
return false;
// HANDLE NON BLOCKING //
if(this.blocking != true) // Blocking disabled
{
console.log("NOT BLOCKING");
this.next_cycle();
}
// Set prev = current, and current to next, and next to new next
this.myfuncs_prev = this.myfuncs_cur;
this.myfuncs_cur = this.myfuncs_next;
this.myfuncs_next++;
// Execute current slot
this.myfuncs[this.myfuncs_cur]();
// HANDLE BLOCKING
if(this.blocking == true) // Blocking enabled
{
console.log("BLOCKING");
this.next_cycle();
}
return true;
};
// Adders
this.add = {
that:this,
fnc: function(aFunction) {
// Add to the function array
var cur_key = this.that.myfuncs_count++;
this.that.myfuncs[cur_key] = aFunction;
// Add to the delay reference array
this.that.myfuncs_delays[cur_key] = -1;
}
}; // end::this.add
// setters
this.set = {
that:this,
delay: function(ms) {
var cur_key = this.that.myfuncs_count - 1;
// This will handle the custom delay array this.that.myfunc_delays
// Add a custom delay to your function container
console.log("setting custom delay. key: "+ cur_key + " msecs: " + ms);
if(cur_key > -1)
{
this.that.myfuncs_delays[cur_key] = ms;
}
// So now we create an entry on the delay variable
},
delay_cur: function(ms) { this.that.delay_cur = ms; },
delay_default: function(ms) { this.that.delay_default = ms; },
loop_on: function() { this.that.loop = true; },
loop_off: function() { this.that.loop = false; },
blocking_on: function() { this.that.blocking = true; },
blocking_off: function() { this.that.blocking = false; },
finished: function(aBool) { this.that.finished = true; }
}; // end::this.set
// Setters
this.get = {
that:this,
delay_default: function() { return this.that.delay_default; },
delay_cur: function() { return this.that.delay_cur; }
}; // end::this.get
} // end:::function timed_functions()
使用方式如下：
// // // BEGIN :: TEST // // //
// Initialize
var fncTimer = new timed_functions;
// Set some defaults
fncTimer.set.delay_default(1000);
fncTimer.set.blocking_on();
// fncTimer.set.loop_on();
// fncTimer.set.loop_off();
// BEGIN :: ADD FUNCTIONS (they will fire off in order)
fncTimer.add.fnc(function() {
console.log('plan a (2 secs)');
});
fncTimer.set.delay(2000); // Set a custom delay for previously added function
fncTimer.add.fnc(function() {
console.log('hello world (delay 3 seconds)');
});
fncTimer.set.delay(3000);
fncTimer.add.fnc(function() {
console.log('wait 4 seconds...');
});
fncTimer.set.delay(4000);
fncTimer.add.fnc(function() {
console.log('wait 2 seconds');
});
fncTimer.set.delay(2000);
fncTimer.add.fnc(function() {
console.log('finished.');
});
// END :: ADD FUNCTIONS
// NOW RUN
fncTimer.cycle(); // Begin execution
// // // END :: TEST // // //
如果你写一个这样的睡眠函数
var sleep = function(period, decision, callback){
var interval = setInterval(function(){
if (decision()) {
interval = clearInterval(interval);
callback();
}
}, period);
}
你有一个异步函数可以多次调用，
var xhr = function(url, callback){
// Make an Ajax request
// Call a callback when the request fulfils
}
您的项目设置如下：
var ready = false;
function xhr1(){
xhr(url1, function(){ ready = true;});
}
function xhr2(){
xhr(url2, function(){ ready = true; });
}
function xhr3(){
xhr(url3, function(){ ready = true; });
}
然后您可以执行以下操作：
xhr1();
sleep(100, function(){ return done; }, xhr2);
sleep(100, function(){ return done; }, xhr3);
sleep(100, function(){ return done; }, function(){
// Do more
});
而不是像这样无休止的回调缩进：
xhr(url1, function(){
xhr2(url2, function(){
xhr3(url3, function(){
// Do more
});
});
});
