特遣部队。keras模型保存TF2.0

我看到了使用TF1.x保存模型的很好的答案。我想提供更多关于保存张量流的提示。Keras模型有点复杂，因为有很多方法来保存一个模型。

这里我提供了一个保存张量流的例子。Keras模型到当前目录下的model_path文件夹。这可以很好地与最新的tensorflow (TF2.0)一起工作。如果在不久的将来有任何变化，我会更新这个描述。

保存和加载整个模型

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow import keras
mnist = tf.keras.datasets.mnist

#import data
(x_train, y_train),(x_test, y_test) = mnist.load_data()
x_train, x_test = x_train / 255.0, x_test / 255.0

# create a model
def create_model():
  model = tf.keras.models.Sequential([
    tf.keras.layers.Flatten(input_shape=(28, 28)),
    tf.keras.layers.Dense(512, activation=tf.nn.relu),
    tf.keras.layers.Dropout(0.2),
    tf.keras.layers.Dense(10, activation=tf.nn.softmax)
    ])
# compile the model
  model.compile(optimizer='adam',
              loss='sparse_categorical_crossentropy',
              metrics=['accuracy'])
  return model

# Create a basic model instance
model=create_model()

model.fit(x_train, y_train, epochs=1)
loss, acc = model.evaluate(x_test, y_test,verbose=1)
print("Original model, accuracy: {:5.2f}%".format(100*acc))

# Save entire model to a HDF5 file
model.save('./model_path/my_model.h5')

# Recreate the exact same model, including weights and optimizer.
new_model = keras.models.load_model('./model_path/my_model.h5')
loss, acc = new_model.evaluate(x_test, y_test)
print("Restored model, accuracy: {:5.2f}%".format(100*acc))

仅保存和加载模型重量

如果您只对保存模型权重感兴趣，然后加载权重以恢复模型，那么

model.fit(x_train, y_train, epochs=5)
loss, acc = model.evaluate(x_test, y_test,verbose=1)
print("Original model, accuracy: {:5.2f}%".format(100*acc))

# Save the weights
model.save_weights('./checkpoints/my_checkpoint')

# Restore the weights
model = create_model()
model.load_weights('./checkpoints/my_checkpoint')

loss,acc = model.evaluate(x_test, y_test)
print("Restored model, accuracy: {:5.2f}%".format(100*acc))

使用keras检查点回调保存和恢复

# include the epoch in the file name. (uses `str.format`)
checkpoint_path = "training_2/cp-{epoch:04d}.ckpt"
checkpoint_dir = os.path.dirname(checkpoint_path)

cp_callback = tf.keras.callbacks.ModelCheckpoint(
    checkpoint_path, verbose=1, save_weights_only=True,
    # Save weights, every 5-epochs.
    period=5)

model = create_model()
model.save_weights(checkpoint_path.format(epoch=0))
model.fit(train_images, train_labels,
          epochs = 50, callbacks = [cp_callback],
          validation_data = (test_images,test_labels),
          verbose=0)

latest = tf.train.latest_checkpoint(checkpoint_dir)

new_model = create_model()
new_model.load_weights(latest)
loss, acc = new_model.evaluate(test_images, test_labels)
print("Restored model, accuracy: {:5.2f}%".format(100*acc))

保存自定义度量的模型

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow import keras
mnist = tf.keras.datasets.mnist

(x_train, y_train),(x_test, y_test) = mnist.load_data()
x_train, x_test = x_train / 255.0, x_test / 255.0

# Custom Loss1 (for example) 
@tf.function() 
def customLoss1(yTrue,yPred):
  return tf.reduce_mean(yTrue-yPred) 

# Custom Loss2 (for example) 
@tf.function() 
def customLoss2(yTrue, yPred):
  return tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(tf.subtract(yTrue,yPred))) 

def create_model():
  model = tf.keras.models.Sequential([
    tf.keras.layers.Flatten(input_shape=(28, 28)),
    tf.keras.layers.Dense(512, activation=tf.nn.relu),  
    tf.keras.layers.Dropout(0.2),
    tf.keras.layers.Dense(10, activation=tf.nn.softmax)
    ])
  model.compile(optimizer='adam',
              loss='sparse_categorical_crossentropy',
              metrics=['accuracy', customLoss1, customLoss2])
  return model

# Create a basic model instance
model=create_model()

# Fit and evaluate model 
model.fit(x_train, y_train, epochs=1)
loss, acc,loss1, loss2 = model.evaluate(x_test, y_test,verbose=1)
print("Original model, accuracy: {:5.2f}%".format(100*acc))

model.save("./model.h5")

new_model=tf.keras.models.load_model("./model.h5",custom_objects={'customLoss1':customLoss1,'customLoss2':customLoss2})

使用自定义操作保存keras模型

当我们像下面的例子(tf.tile)一样进行自定义操作时，我们需要创建一个函数并使用Lambda层进行包装。否则，无法保存模型。

import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.keras.layers import Input, Lambda
from tensorflow.keras import Model

def my_fun(a):
  out = tf.tile(a, (1, tf.shape(a)[0]))
  return out

a = Input(shape=(10,))
#out = tf.tile(a, (1, tf.shape(a)[0]))
out = Lambda(lambda x : my_fun(x))(a)
model = Model(a, out)

x = np.zeros((50,10), dtype=np.float32)
print(model(x).numpy())

model.save('my_model.h5')

#load the model
new_model=tf.keras.models.load_model("my_model.h5")

我想我已经介绍了许多保存tf的方法中的一些。keras模型。然而，还有许多其他的方法。如果你发现你的用例没有在上面提到，请在下面评论。谢谢!

在@Vishnuvardhan Janapati的回答之后，这里是另一种在TensorFlow 2.0.0下保存和重载自定义层/度量/损失模型的方法

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.keras.layers import Layer
from tensorflow.keras.utils.generic_utils import get_custom_objects

# custom loss (for example)  
def custom_loss(y_true,y_pred):
  return tf.reduce_mean(y_true - y_pred)
get_custom_objects().update({'custom_loss': custom_loss}) 

# custom loss (for example) 
class CustomLayer(Layer):
  def __init__(self, ...):
      ...
  # define custom layer and all necessary custom operations inside custom layer

get_custom_objects().update({'CustomLayer': CustomLayer})  

通过这种方式，一旦您执行了这些代码，并使用tf.keras.models保存了您的模型。Save_model或model。save或ModelCheckpoint回调，您可以重新加载您的模型，而不需要精确的自定义对象，就像这样简单

new_model = tf.keras.models.load_model("./model.h5"})

在新版本的tensorflow 2.0中，保存/加载模型的过程要容易得多。因为Keras API的实现，一个TensorFlow的高级API。

保存一个模型: 请查阅相关文档以作参考: https://www.tensorflow.org/versions/r2.0/api_docs/python/tf/keras/models/save_model

tf.keras.models.save_model(model_name, filepath, save_format)

加载一个模型:

https://www.tensorflow.org/versions/r2.0/api_docs/python/tf/keras/models/load_model

model = tf.keras.models.load_model(filepath)

你也可以用更简单的方法。

步骤1:初始化所有变量

W1 = tf.Variable(tf.truncated_normal([6, 6, 1, K], stddev=0.1), name="W1")
B1 = tf.Variable(tf.constant(0.1, tf.float32, [K]), name="B1")

Similarly, W2, B2, W3, .....

步骤2:在模型Saver中保存会话并保存它

model_saver = tf.train.Saver()

# Train the model and save it in the end
model_saver.save(session, "saved_models/CNN_New.ckpt")

步骤3:恢复模型

with tf.Session(graph=graph_cnn) as session:
    model_saver.restore(session, "saved_models/CNN_New.ckpt")
    print("Model restored.") 
    print('Initialized')

步骤4:检查变量

W1 = session.run(W1)
print(W1)

在不同的python实例中运行时，使用

with tf.Session() as sess:
    # Restore latest checkpoint
    saver.restore(sess, tf.train.latest_checkpoint('saved_model/.'))

    # Initalize the variables
    sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())

    # Get default graph (supply your custom graph if you have one)
    graph = tf.get_default_graph()

    # It will give tensor object
    W1 = graph.get_tensor_by_name('W1:0')

    # To get the value (numpy array)
    W1_value = session.run(W1)

在TensorFlow 0.11.0RC1版本中，你可以通过调用tf.train直接保存和恢复你的模型。Export_meta_graph和tf.train。根据https://www.tensorflow.org/programmers_guide/meta_graph的Import_meta_graph。

保存模型

w1 = tf.Variable(tf.truncated_normal(shape=[10]), name='w1')
w2 = tf.Variable(tf.truncated_normal(shape=[20]), name='w2')
tf.add_to_collection('vars', w1)
tf.add_to_collection('vars', w2)
saver = tf.train.Saver()
sess = tf.Session()
sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())
saver.save(sess, 'my-model')
# `save` method will call `export_meta_graph` implicitly.
# you will get saved graph files:my-model.meta

恢复模型

sess = tf.Session()
new_saver = tf.train.import_meta_graph('my-model.meta')
new_saver.restore(sess, tf.train.latest_checkpoint('./'))
all_vars = tf.get_collection('vars')
for v in all_vars:
    v_ = sess.run(v)
    print(v_)

我的环境:Python 3.6, Tensorflow 1.3.0

虽然有很多解决方案，但大多数都是基于tf.train.Saver。当我们加载由Saver保存的.ckpt文件时，我们必须要么重新定义张量流网络，要么使用一些奇怪且难以记住的名称，例如:“placehold_0:0”,“密集/亚当/重量:0”。这里我推荐使用tf。saved_model，下面给出的一个最简单的例子，你可以从为TensorFlow模型服务中学到更多:

保存模型:

import tensorflow as tf

# define the tensorflow network and do some trains
x = tf.placeholder("float", name="x")
w = tf.Variable(2.0, name="w")
b = tf.Variable(0.0, name="bias")

h = tf.multiply(x, w)
y = tf.add(h, b, name="y")
sess = tf.Session()
sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())

# save the model
export_path =  './savedmodel'
builder = tf.saved_model.builder.SavedModelBuilder(export_path)

tensor_info_x = tf.saved_model.utils.build_tensor_info(x)
tensor_info_y = tf.saved_model.utils.build_tensor_info(y)

prediction_signature = (
  tf.saved_model.signature_def_utils.build_signature_def(
      inputs={'x_input': tensor_info_x},
      outputs={'y_output': tensor_info_y},
      method_name=tf.saved_model.signature_constants.PREDICT_METHOD_NAME))

builder.add_meta_graph_and_variables(
  sess, [tf.saved_model.tag_constants.SERVING],
  signature_def_map={
      tf.saved_model.signature_constants.DEFAULT_SERVING_SIGNATURE_DEF_KEY:
          prediction_signature 
  },
  )
builder.save()

加载模型:

import tensorflow as tf
sess=tf.Session() 
signature_key = tf.saved_model.signature_constants.DEFAULT_SERVING_SIGNATURE_DEF_KEY
input_key = 'x_input'
output_key = 'y_output'

export_path =  './savedmodel'
meta_graph_def = tf.saved_model.loader.load(
           sess,
          [tf.saved_model.tag_constants.SERVING],
          export_path)
signature = meta_graph_def.signature_def

x_tensor_name = signature[signature_key].inputs[input_key].name
y_tensor_name = signature[signature_key].outputs[output_key].name

x = sess.graph.get_tensor_by_name(x_tensor_name)
y = sess.graph.get_tensor_by_name(y_tensor_name)

y_out = sess.run(y, {x: 3.0})