我使用Python 2从ASCII编码的文本文件解析JSON。
当用json或simplejson加载这些文件时,我的所有字符串值都转换为Unicode对象而不是字符串对象。问题是,我必须将数据与一些只接受字符串对象的库一起使用。我不能更改库也不能更新它们。
是否有可能获得字符串对象而不是Unicode对象?
例子
>>> import json
>>> original_list = ['a', 'b']
>>> json_list = json.dumps(original_list)
>>> json_list
'["a", "b"]'
>>> new_list = json.loads(json_list)
>>> new_list
[u'a', u'b'] # I want these to be of type `str`, not `unicode`
(2017年一个简单而干净的解决方案是使用最新版本的Python——即Python 3和更高版本。)
我重写了Wells的_parse_json()来处理json对象本身是一个数组的情况(我的用例)。
def _parseJSON(self, obj):
if isinstance(obj, dict):
newobj = {}
for key, value in obj.iteritems():
key = str(key)
newobj[key] = self._parseJSON(value)
elif isinstance(obj, list):
newobj = []
for value in obj:
newobj.append(self._parseJSON(value))
elif isinstance(obj, unicode):
newobj = str(obj)
else:
newobj = obj
return newobj
没有内置选项让json模块函数返回字节字符串而不是Unicode字符串。然而,这个简短而简单的递归函数将任何解码的JSON对象从使用Unicode字符串转换为utf -8编码的字节字符串:
def byteify(input):
if isinstance(input, dict):
return {byteify(key): byteify(value)
for key, value in input.iteritems()}
elif isinstance(input, list):
return [byteify(element) for element in input]
elif isinstance(input, unicode):
return input.encode('utf-8')
else:
return input
只需在从json中获得的输出上调用此函数。加载或json。负载的电话。
几点注意事项:
To support Python 2.6 or earlier, replace return {byteify(key): byteify(value) for key, value in input.iteritems()} with return dict([(byteify(key), byteify(value)) for key, value in input.iteritems()]), since dictionary comprehensions weren't supported until Python 2.7.
Since this answer recurses through the entire decoded object, it has a couple of undesirable performance characteristics that can be avoided with very careful use of the object_hook or object_pairs_hook parameters. Mirec Miskuf's answer is so far the only one that manages to pull this off correctly, although as a consequence, it's significantly more complicated than my approach.
我也遇到了同样的问题。
因为我需要将所有数据传递给PyGTK,所以Unicode字符串对我来说也不是很有用。这是另一种递归转换方法。实际上,类型安全的JSON转换也需要它——JSON .dump()会放弃任何非字面量,比如Python对象。但是它不转换字典索引。
# removes any objects, turns Unicode back into str
def filter_data(obj):
if type(obj) in (int, float, str, bool):
return obj
elif type(obj) == unicode:
return str(obj)
elif type(obj) in (list, tuple, set):
obj = list(obj)
for i,v in enumerate(obj):
obj[i] = filter_data(v)
elif type(obj) == dict:
for i,v in obj.iteritems():
obj[i] = filter_data(v)
else:
print "invalid object in data, converting to string"
obj = str(obj)
return obj