如何在Python中将彩色文本输出到终端？
当前回答
https://raw.github.com/fabric/fabric/master/fabric/colors.py
"""
.. versionadded:: 0.9.2
Functions for wrapping strings in ANSI color codes.
Each function within this module returns the input string ``text``, wrapped
with ANSI color codes for the appropriate color.
For example, to print some text as green on supporting terminals::
from fabric.colors import green
print(green("This text is green!"))
Because these functions simply return modified strings, you can nest them::
from fabric.colors import red, green
print(red("This sentence is red, except for " + \
green("these words, which are green") + "."))
If ``bold`` is set to ``True``, the ANSI flag for bolding will be flipped on
for that particular invocation, which usually shows up as a bold or brighter
version of the original color on most terminals.
"""
def _wrap_with(code):
def inner(text, bold=False):
c = code
if bold:
c = "1;%s" % c
return "\033[%sm%s\033[0m" % (c, text)
return inner
red = _wrap_with('31')
green = _wrap_with('32')
yellow = _wrap_with('33')
blue = _wrap_with('34')
magenta = _wrap_with('35')
cyan = _wrap_with('36')
white = _wrap_with('37')
其他回答
这在某种程度上取决于您所在的平台。最常见的方法是打印ANSI转义序列。举个简单的例子，这里有一些来自Blender构建脚本的Python代码：
class bcolors:
HEADER = '\033[95m'
OKBLUE = '\033[94m'
OKCYAN = '\033[96m'
OKGREEN = '\033[92m'
WARNING = '\033[93m'
FAIL = '\033[91m'
ENDC = '\033[0m'
BOLD = '\033[1m'
UNDERLINE = '\033[4m'
要使用这样的代码，可以执行以下操作：
print(bcolors.WARNING + "Warning: No active frommets remain. Continue?" + bcolors.ENDC)
或者，使用Python 3.6+：
print(f"{bcolors.WARNING}Warning: No active frommets remain. Continue?{bcolors.ENDC}")
这将在包括OS X、Linux和Windows在内的UNIX上运行（如果您使用ANSICON，或者在Windows 10中启用VT100仿真）。有用于设置颜色、移动光标等的ANSI代码。
如果你要对此感到复杂（如果你正在编写游戏，这听起来就像是这样），你应该看看“诅咒”模块，它为你处理了很多复杂的部分。Python诅咒HowTO是一个很好的介绍。
如果您不使用扩展ASCII（即，不在PC上），则您只能使用127以下的ASCII字符，而“#”或“@”可能是块的最佳选择。如果您可以确保您的终端使用的是IBM扩展的ASCII字符集，那么您有更多的选项。字符176、177、178和219是“块字符”。
一些基于文本的现代程序，如“矮人堡垒”，以图形模式模拟文本模式，并使用经典PC字体的图像。您可以在矮人要塞Wiki中找到一些位图（用户制作的瓷砖）。
文本模式演示比赛有更多的资源用于在文本模式下制作图形。
我最终做了这个，我觉得这是最干净的：
formatters = {
'RED': '\033[91m',
'GREEN': '\033[92m',
'END': '\033[0m',
}
print 'Master is currently {RED}red{END}!'.format(**formatters)
print 'Help make master {GREEN}green{END} again!'.format(**formatters)
这里有一个快速类，它包装了一个打印功能，可以快速添加颜色，而无需安装其他软件包。
class PrintColored:
DEFAULT = '\033[0m'
# Styles
BOLD = '\033[1m'
ITALIC = '\033[3m'
UNDERLINE = '\033[4m'
UNDERLINE_THICK = '\033[21m'
HIGHLIGHTED = '\033[7m'
HIGHLIGHTED_BLACK = '\033[40m'
HIGHLIGHTED_RED = '\033[41m'
HIGHLIGHTED_GREEN = '\033[42m'
HIGHLIGHTED_YELLOW = '\033[43m'
HIGHLIGHTED_BLUE = '\033[44m'
HIGHLIGHTED_PURPLE = '\033[45m'
HIGHLIGHTED_CYAN = '\033[46m'
HIGHLIGHTED_GREY = '\033[47m'
HIGHLIGHTED_GREY_LIGHT = '\033[100m'
HIGHLIGHTED_RED_LIGHT = '\033[101m'
HIGHLIGHTED_GREEN_LIGHT = '\033[102m'
HIGHLIGHTED_YELLOW_LIGHT = '\033[103m'
HIGHLIGHTED_BLUE_LIGHT = '\033[104m'
HIGHLIGHTED_PURPLE_LIGHT = '\033[105m'
HIGHLIGHTED_CYAN_LIGHT = '\033[106m'
HIGHLIGHTED_WHITE_LIGHT = '\033[107m'
STRIKE_THROUGH = '\033[9m'
MARGIN_1 = '\033[51m'
MARGIN_2 = '\033[52m' # seems equal to MARGIN_1
# colors
BLACK = '\033[30m'
RED_DARK = '\033[31m'
GREEN_DARK = '\033[32m'
YELLOW_DARK = '\033[33m'
BLUE_DARK = '\033[34m'
PURPLE_DARK = '\033[35m'
CYAN_DARK = '\033[36m'
GREY_DARK = '\033[37m'
BLACK_LIGHT = '\033[90m'
RED = '\033[91m'
GREEN = '\033[92m'
YELLOW = '\033[93m'
BLUE = '\033[94m'
PURPLE = '\033[95m'
CYAN = '\033[96m'
WHITE = '\033[96m'
def __init__(self):
self.print_original = print # old value to the original print function
self.current_color = self.DEFAULT
def __call__(self,
*values: object, sep: str | None = None,
end: str | None = None,
file: str | None = None,
flush: bool = False,
color: str|None = None,
default_color: str|None = None,
):
if default_color:
self.current_color = default_color
default = self.current_color
if color:
values = (color, *values, default) # wrap the content within a selected color an a default
else:
values = (*values, default) # wrap the content within a selected color an a default
self.print_original(*values, end=end, file=file, flush=flush)
用法
class PrintColored:
DEFAULT = '\033[0m'
# Styles
BOLD = '\033[1m'
ITALIC = '\033[3m'
UNDERLINE = '\033[4m'
UNDERLINE_THICK = '\033[21m'
HIGHLIGHTED = '\033[7m'
HIGHLIGHTED_BLACK = '\033[40m'
HIGHLIGHTED_RED = '\033[41m'
HIGHLIGHTED_GREEN = '\033[42m'
HIGHLIGHTED_YELLOW = '\033[43m'
HIGHLIGHTED_BLUE = '\033[44m'
HIGHLIGHTED_PURPLE = '\033[45m'
HIGHLIGHTED_CYAN = '\033[46m'
HIGHLIGHTED_GREY = '\033[47m'
HIGHLIGHTED_GREY_LIGHT = '\033[100m'
HIGHLIGHTED_RED_LIGHT = '\033[101m'
HIGHLIGHTED_GREEN_LIGHT = '\033[102m'
HIGHLIGHTED_YELLOW_LIGHT = '\033[103m'
HIGHLIGHTED_BLUE_LIGHT = '\033[104m'
HIGHLIGHTED_PURPLE_LIGHT = '\033[105m'
HIGHLIGHTED_CYAN_LIGHT = '\033[106m'
HIGHLIGHTED_WHITE_LIGHT = '\033[107m'
STRIKE_THROUGH = '\033[9m'
MARGIN_1 = '\033[51m'
MARGIN_2 = '\033[52m' # seems equal to MARGIN_1
# colors
BLACK = '\033[30m'
RED_DARK = '\033[31m'
GREEN_DARK = '\033[32m'
YELLOW_DARK = '\033[33m'
BLUE_DARK = '\033[34m'
PURPLE_DARK = '\033[35m'
CYAN_DARK = '\033[36m'
GREY_DARK = '\033[37m'
BLACK_LIGHT = '\033[90m'
RED = '\033[91m'
GREEN = '\033[92m'
YELLOW = '\033[93m'
BLUE = '\033[94m'
PURPLE = '\033[95m'
CYAN = '\033[96m'
WHITE = '\033[96m'
def __init__(self):
self.print_original = print # old value to the original print function
self.current_color = self.DEFAULT
def __call__(self,
*values: object, sep: str | None = None,
end: str | None = None,
file: str | None = None,
flush: bool = False,
color: str|None = None,
default_color: str|None = None,
):
if default_color:
self.current_color = default_color
default = self.current_color
if color:
values = (color, *values, default) # wrap the content within a selected color an a default
else:
values = (*values, default) # wrap the content within a selected color an a default
self.print_original(*values, end=end, file=file, flush=flush)
if __name__ == '__main__':
print = PrintColored()
print("Hello world - default")
print("Hello world - Bold", color=print.BOLD)
print("Hello world - Italic", color=print.ITALIC)
print("Hello world - Underline", color=print.UNDERLINE)
print("Hello world - UNDERLINE_THICK", color=print.UNDERLINE_THICK)
print("Hello world - HighLithted", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_BLACK", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_BLACK)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_RED", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_RED)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_GREEN", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_GREEN)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_YELLOW", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_YELLOW)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_BLUE", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_BLUE)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_PURPLE", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_PURPLE)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_CYAN", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_CYAN)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_GREY", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_GREY)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_GREY_LIGHT", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_GREY_LIGHT)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_RED_LIGHT", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_RED_LIGHT)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_GREEN_LIGHT", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_GREEN_LIGHT)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_YELLOW_LIGHT", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_YELLOW_LIGHT)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_BLUE_LIGHT", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_BLUE_LIGHT)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_PURPLE_LIGHT", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_PURPLE_LIGHT)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_CYAN_LIGHT", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_CYAN_LIGHT)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_WHITE_LIGHT", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_WHITE_LIGHT)
print("Hello world - STRIKE_THROUGH", color=print.STRIKE_THROUGH)
print("Hello world - MARGIN_1", color=print.MARGIN_1)
print("Hello world - MARGIN_2", color=print.MARGIN_2)
print("Hello world - BLACK", color=print.BLACK)
print("Hello world - RED_DARK", color=print.RED_DARK)
print("Hello world - GREEN_DARK", color=print.GREEN_DARK)
print("Hello world - YELLOW_DARK", color=print.YELLOW_DARK)
print("Hello world - BLUE_DARK", color=print.BLUE_DARK)
print("Hello world - PURPLE_DARK", color=print.PURPLE_DARK)
print("Hello world - CYAN_DARK", color=print.CYAN_DARK)
print("Hello world - GREY_DARK", color=print.GREY_DARK)
print("Hello world - BLACK_LIGHT", color=print.BLACK_LIGHT)
print("Hello world - BLACK_LIGHT", color=print.BLACK_LIGHT)
print("Hello world - RED", color=print.RED)
print("Hello world - GREEN", color=print.GREEN)
print("Hello world - YELLOW", color=print.YELLOW)
print("Hello world - BLUE", color=print.BLUE)
print("Hello world - PURPLE", color=print.PURPLE)
print("Hello world - CYAN", color=print.CYAN)
print("Hello world - WHITE", color=print.WHITE)
# Back to normal
print("", default_color=print.DEFAULT)
print("Hello world - default")
输出
使用pyfancy。这是一种在终端中进行颜色处理的简单方法！
例子：
print(pyfancy.RED + "Hello Red" + pyfancy.END)
为了解决这个问题，我创建了一个简单得让人麻木的程序包，用插值颜色代码打印字符串，称为icolor。
icolor包含两个函数：cformat和cprint，每个函数都包含一个字符串和子字符串，这些子字符串被插值以映射到ANSI转义序列。
from icolor import cformat # there is also cprint
cformat("This is #RED;a red string, partially with a #xBLUE;blue background")
'This is \x1b[31ma red string, partially with a \x1b[44mblue background\x1b[0m'
包括所有ANSI颜色（例如#RED；、#BLUE；等）以及#RESET#粗体；以及其他。
背景色具有x前缀，因此绿色背景将为#xGREEN；。
一个人可以用##逃脱#。
鉴于其简单性，最好的文档可能是代码本身。
它在PYPI上，因此可以使用sudo easy_install icolor。
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