出于某种原因,在下面的代码段中,构造函数委托似乎不起作用:
function NotImplementedError() {
Error.apply(this, arguments);
}
NotImplementedError.prototype = new Error();
var nie = new NotImplementedError("some message");
console.log("The message is: '"+nie.message+"'")
运行该命令得到的消息是:"。有什么想法,为什么,或者是否有更好的方法来创建一个新的错误子类?是否有一个问题,应用到本机错误构造函数,我不知道?
我喜欢这样做:
利用name,使toString()抛出"{code}: {message}"
将相同的东西返回给super,这样在stacktrace中就会显示相同的内容
将代码附加到错误。在代码中检查/解析代码比检查消息(例如,您可能希望本地化消息)更好
将消息附加到错误。message作为error.toString()的替代
class AppException extends Error {
constructor(code, message) {
const fullMsg = message ? `${code}: ${message}` : code;
super(fullMsg);
this.name = code;
this.code = code;
this.message = fullMsg;
}
toString() {
return this.message;
}
}
// Just a code
try {
throw new AppException('FORBIDDEN');
} catch(e) {
console.error(e);
console.error(e.toString());
console.log(e.code === 'FORBIDDEN');
}
// A code and a message
try {
throw new AppException('FORBIDDEN', 'You don\'t have access to this page');
} catch(e) {
console.error(e);
console.error(e.toString());
console.log(e.code === 'FORBIDDEN');
}
以下是Mozilla官方文档中的错误。
function NotImplementedError(message) {
var instance = new Error(message);
instance.name = 'NotImplementedError';
Object.setPrototypeOf(instance, Object.getPrototypeOf(this));
if (Error.captureStackTrace) {
Error.captureStackTrace(instance, NotImplementedError);
}
return instance;
}
NotImplementedError.prototype = Object.create(Error.prototype, {
constructor: {
value: Error,
enumerable: false,
writable: true,
configurable: true
}
});
class NotImplementedError extends Error {
constructor(message) {
super(message);
this.message = message;
}
}
NotImplementedError.prototype.name = 'NotImplementedError';
module.exports = NotImplementedError;
and
try {
var e = new NotImplementedError("NotImplementedError message");
throw e;
} catch (ex1) {
console.log(ex1.stack);
console.log("ex1 instanceof NotImplementedError = " + (ex1 instanceof NotImplementedError));
console.log("ex1 instanceof Error = " + (ex1 instanceof Error));
console.log("ex1.name = " + ex1.name);
console.log("ex1.message = " + ex1.message);
}
它只是这个答案的一个类表示。
输出
NotImplementedError: NotImplementedError message
...stacktrace
ex1 instanceof NotImplementedError = true
ex1 instanceof Error = true
ex1.name = NotImplementedError
ex1.message = NotImplementedError message
以下是我支持es2015之前版本浏览器的解决方案。它不做任何花哨的原型调整,也不会破坏调试器。
/** Custom Errors
// Depends on underscore js
// This will declare an CustError() class in both 'this' and '_exports' namespaces
// ctor is optional
declare_cust_error(function CustError(){}, {ns: [this, _exports], ctor:
function cust_err_ctor(instance, clazz, name, msg, info){
q$.called(arguments)
}
})
// Usage:
// Second param (pojso) is optional
try {
throw CustError.create("foo", {k1: 'v1', k2: 'v2'})
}catch(ex){
if(CustError.is_inst(ex)){
console.error("its a CustError", ex)
} else {
throw ex
}
}
**/
function declare_cust_error(error_class, opts){
var p, c, cp
if(!error_class||!(p=error_class.prototype))throw new Error("error_class must be a Class")
try{
c = p.constructor; cp = c.toString()
}catch(ex){}
if(!cp || cp.indexOf('function ') != 0 || cp.indexOf('[native code]') > 0)
throw new Error("error_class must be a classic proto class (pre-es6) but got: " + error_class.toString())
opts=opts||{}
error_class.__is_cust_error__ = true
error_class.__cust_error_name__ = c.name
error_class.create = function cust_error_create(msg, info){
var instance = new Error(msg)
instance.info = info
instance.__is_cust_error__ = true
instance.__cust_error_name__ = c.name
if(_.isFunction(opts.ctor)){
opts.ctor(instance, error_class, c.name, msg, info)
}
return instance
}
error_class.is_inst = function cust_error_is_inst(instanace){
return ( (instanace instanceof Error) && instanace.__cust_error_name__ === error_class.__cust_error_name__ )
}
// Declare error in namespace(s)
_.each(_.isArray(opts.ns)?opts.ns:[opts.ns], function(ns){ ns[c.name] = error_class })
return error_class
}