以下是谷歌在Android 12上的行为变化:

To provide a streamlined experience for short-running foreground services on Android 12, the system can delay the display of foreground service notifications by 10 seconds for certain foreground services. This change gives short-lived tasks a chance to complete before their notifications appear.

解决方案:在onCreate()中为你使用的服务调用start前台()

很多答案，但没有一个对我有用。

我已经开始这样服务了。

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
    startForegroundService(intent);
} else {
    startService(intent);
}

在我的服务在onStartCommand

    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
        Notification.Builder builder = new Notification.Builder(this, ANDROID_CHANNEL_ID)
                .setContentTitle(getString(R.string.app_name))
                .setContentText("SmartTracker Running")
                .setAutoCancel(true);
        Notification notification = builder.build();
        startForeground(NOTIFICATION_ID, notification);
    } else {
        NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)
                .setContentTitle(getString(R.string.app_name))
                .setContentText("SmartTracker is Running...")
                .setPriority(NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_DEFAULT)
                .setAutoCancel(true);
        Notification notification = builder.build();
        startForeground(NOTIFICATION_ID, notification);
    }

不要忘记将NOTIFICATION_ID设置为非零

private static final String ANDROID_CHANNEL_ID = "com.xxxx.Location.Channel";
private static final int NOTIFICATION_ID = 555;

所以一切都是完美的，但仍然崩溃在8.1，所以原因如下。

     if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
            stopForeground(true);
        } else {
            stopForeground(true);
        }

我已经调用停止前台删除通知，但一旦通知删除服务成为后台和后台服务不能从后台运行在android O。在收到推送后启动。

神奇的词是

   stopSelf();

到目前为止，任何原因你的服务崩溃遵循以上所有步骤，并享受。

以下是谷歌在Android 8.0上的行为变化:

系统允许应用程序调用Context.startForegroundService()，即使应用程序处于后台。但是，应用程序必须在服务创建后的5秒内调用该服务的startForeground()方法。

解决方案: 在onCreate()中为你使用的服务调用start前台()

请参见:Android 8.0 (Oreo)的后台执行限制

我调用ContextCompat。startForegroundService(this, intent)然后启动服务

在服务onCreate中

 @Override
 public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 26) {
            String CHANNEL_ID = "my_channel_01";
            NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(CHANNEL_ID,
                    "Channel human readable title",
                    NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT);

            ((NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE)).createNotificationChannel(channel);

            Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this, CHANNEL_ID)
                    .setContentTitle("")
                    .setContentText("").build();

            startForeground(1, notification);
        }
}

我在@humazed答案中添加了一些代码。所以没有初始通知。这可能是个变通办法，但对我来说很管用。

@Override
 public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 26) {
            String CHANNEL_ID = "my_channel_01";
            NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(CHANNEL_ID,
                    "Channel human readable title",
                    NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT);

            ((NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE)).createNotificationChannel(channel);

            Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this, CHANNEL_ID)
                    .setContentTitle("")
                    .setContentText("")
                    .setColor(ContextCompat.getColor(this, R.color.transparentColor))
                    .setSmallIcon(ContextCompat.getColor(this, R.color.transparentColor)).build();

            startForeground(1, notification);
        }
}

我在小图标和通知上添加了transparentColor。 它会起作用的。

请不要在onCreate()方法中调用任何StartForgroundServices，你必须在onStartCommand()中调用StartForground services，否则你将总是得到ANR，所以请不要在onStartCommand()的主线程中编写复杂的登录;

public class Services extends Service {

    private static final String ANDROID_CHANNEL_ID = "com.xxxx.Location.Channel";
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null;
    }


    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
            Notification.Builder builder = new Notification.Builder(this, ANDROID_CHANNEL_ID)
                    .setContentTitle(getString(R.string.app_name))
                    .setContentText("SmartTracker Running")
                    .setAutoCancel(true);
            Notification notification = builder.build();
            startForeground(1, notification);
            Log.e("home_button","home button");
        } else {
            NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)
                    .setContentTitle(getString(R.string.app_name))
                    .setContentText("SmartTracker is Running...")
                    .setPriority(NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_DEFAULT)
                    .setAutoCancel(true);
            Notification notification = builder.build();
            startForeground(1, notification);
            Log.e("home_button_value","home_button_value");

        }
        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);

    }
}

编辑:小心!start前台函数不能以0作为第一个参数，它将引发异常!这个例子包含错误的函数调用，将0更改为你自己的const，它不能为0或大于Max(Int32)