使用ES6模块(最初由@d13提出)对我来说效果很好。它不能完美地模拟私有属性，但至少您可以确信，应该是私有的属性不会泄漏到类之外。这里有一个例子:

something.js

let _message = null;
const _greet = name => {
  console.log('Hello ' + name);
};

export default class Something {
  constructor(message) {
    _message = message;
  }

  say() {
    console.log(_message);
    _greet('Bob');
  }
};

然后消费代码可以是这样的:

import Something from './something.js';

const something = new Something('Sunny day!');
something.say();
something._message; // undefined
something._greet(); // exception

更新(重要):

正如@DanyalAytekin在评论中概述的那样，这些私有属性是静态的，因此在全球范围内。它们在处理单例对象时工作得很好，但在处理瞬态对象时必须小心。扩展上面的例子:

import Something from './something.js';
import Something2 from './something.js';

const a = new Something('a');
a.say(); // a

const b = new Something('b');
b.say(); // b

const c = new Something2('c');
c.say(); // c

a.say(); // c
b.say(); // c
c.say(); // c

我找到了一个非常简单的解决方案，只需使用Object.freeze()。当然，问题是以后你不能向对象添加任何东西。

class Cat {
    constructor(name ,age) {
        this.name = name
        this.age = age
        Object.freeze(this)
    }
}

let cat = new Cat('Garfield', 5)
cat.age = 6 // doesn't work, even throws an error in strict mode

哦，这么多奇异的解决方案!我通常不关心隐私，所以我使用“伪隐私”，正如这里所说的。但如果确实关心(如果有一些特殊的要求)，我会在这个例子中使用:

class jobImpl{
  // public
  constructor(name){
    this.name = name;
  }
  // public
  do(time){
    console.log(`${this.name} started at ${time}`);
    this.prepare();
    this.execute();
  }
  //public
  stop(time){
    this.finish();
    console.log(`${this.name} finished at ${time}`);
  }
  // private
  prepare(){ console.log('prepare..'); }
  // private
  execute(){ console.log('execute..'); }
  // private
  finish(){ console.log('finish..'); }
}

function Job(name){
  var impl = new jobImpl(name);
  return {
    do: time => impl.do(time),
    stop: time => impl.stop(time)
  };
}

// Test:
// create class "Job"
var j = new Job("Digging a ditch");
// call public members..
j.do("08:00am");
j.stop("06:00pm");

// try to call private members or fields..
console.log(j.name); // undefined
j.execute(); // error

函数(构造函数)的另一种可能实现:

function Job(name){
  var impl = new jobImpl(name);
  this.do = time => impl.do(time),
  this.stop = time => impl.stop(time)
}

我已经开发了一个模块，帮助您使用的访问限制 JavaScript类，叫做Capsulable。(私有和受保护的静态)

如果您感兴趣，请查看下面的软件包。 https://github.com/hmmhmmhm/capsulable

const Capsulable = require('capsulable')
const Field = Capsulable()

class A {
    constructor(_field){
        // Configure data fields.
        Field(this, _field)

        // The code below provides access to
        // the data fields when creating
        // functions within the class.
        Field(this).private
        Field(this).protected
        Field(this).protectedStatic
    }
}

module.exports = A

我们可以使用getter和setter来模拟类的私有属性。

eg 1

class FootballClub {
    constructor (cname, cstadium, ccurrentmanager) {
        this.name = cname;
        this._stadium  = cstadium;  //  we will treat this prop as private and give getter and setter for this.
        this.currmanager = ccurrentmanager;
    }

    get stadium( ) {
        return this._stadium.toUpperCase();
    }

}

let club = new FootballClub("Arsenal", "Emirates" , "Arteta")
console.log(club);
//FootballClub {
//    name: 'Arsenal',
//    _stadium: 'Emirates',
//    currmanager: 'Arteta'
//  }
console.log( club.stadium ); // EMIRATES
club.stadium = "Highbury"; // TypeError: Cannot set property stadium of #<FootballClub> which has only a getter

在上面的例子中，我们没有给出stadium的setter方法，因此我们不能为它设置一个新值。在接下来的例子中，为体育场添加了一个setter

eg 2

class FootballClub {
    constructor (cname, cstadium, ccurrentmanager) {
        this.name = cname;
        this._stadium  = cstadium;  //  we will treat this prop as private and give getter and setter for this.
        this.currmanager = ccurrentmanager;
    }

    get stadium( ) {
        return this._stadium.toUpperCase();
    }

    set stadium(val) {
       this._stadium = val;
    }
}

let club = new FootballClub("Arsenal", "Emirates" , "Arteta")
console.log(club.stadium); // EMIRATES
club.stadium = "Emirates Stadium";
console.log(club.stadium); // EMIRATES STADIUM

另一种方式类似于上两个帖子

class Example {
  constructor(foo) {

    // privates
    const self = this;
    this.foo = foo;

    // public interface
    return self.public;
  }

  public = {
    // empty data
    nodata: { data: [] },
    // noop
    noop: () => {},
  }

  // everything else private
  bar = 10
}

const test = new Example('FOO');
console.log(test.foo); // undefined
console.log(test.noop); // { data: [] }
console.log(test.bar); // undefined