使用WeakMap可以在类中拥有私有方法。

根据MDN网络文档:

WeakMap对象是键/值对的集合，其中键仅为对象，值可以是任意值。 键中的对象引用是弱保存的，这意味着如果不再有对该对象的其他引用，则它们是垃圾收集(GC)的目标。

这是一个创建带有私有成员_items的Queue数据结构的例子，该成员_items包含一个数组。

const _items = new WeakMap();

class Queue {    
    constructor() {
        _items.set(this, []);
    }

    enqueue( item) {
        _items.get(this).push(item);
    }    

    get count() {
        return _items.get(this).length;        
    }

    peek() {
        const anArray = _items.get(this);
        if( anArray.length == 0)
            throw new Error('There are no items in array!');

        if( anArray.length > 0)
            return anArray[0];
    }

    dequeue() {        
        const anArray = _items.get(this);
        if( anArray.length == 0)
            throw new Error('There are no items in array!');

        if( anArray.length > 0)
            return anArray.splice(0, 1)[0];
    }    
}

使用的例子:

const c = new Queue();
c.enqueue("one");
c.enqueue("two");
c.enqueue("three");
c.enqueue("four");
c.enqueue("five");
console.log(c);

私有成员_items是隐藏的，不能在Queue对象的属性或方法中看到:

然而，Queue对象中的私有成员_items可以通过以下方式访问:

const anArray = _items.get(this);

是的-你可以创建封装的属性，但它没有与访问修饰符(公共|私有)至少不是与ES6。

下面是一个简单的例子，如何用ES6完成:

用类词创建类

2在构造函数内部使用let OR const保留字声明块作用域变量->因为它们是块作用域，所以不能从外部访问(封装)

为了允许对这些变量进行一些访问控制(setter |getter)，你可以在它的构造函数中使用:this.methodName=function(){}语法声明实例方法

"use strict";
    class Something{
        constructor(){
            //private property
            let property="test";
            //private final (immutable) property
            const property2="test2";
            //public getter
            this.getProperty2=function(){
                return property2;
            }
            //public getter
            this.getProperty=function(){
                return property;
            }
            //public setter
            this.setProperty=function(prop){
                property=prop;
            }
        }
    }

现在让我们检查一下:

var s=new Something();
    console.log(typeof s.property);//undefined 
    s.setProperty("another");//set to encapsulated `property`
    console.log(s.getProperty());//get encapsulated `property` value
    console.log(s.getProperty2());//get encapsulated immutable `property2` value

我们可以使用getter和setter来模拟类的私有属性。

eg 1

class FootballClub {
    constructor (cname, cstadium, ccurrentmanager) {
        this.name = cname;
        this._stadium  = cstadium;  //  we will treat this prop as private and give getter and setter for this.
        this.currmanager = ccurrentmanager;
    }

    get stadium( ) {
        return this._stadium.toUpperCase();
    }

}

let club = new FootballClub("Arsenal", "Emirates" , "Arteta")
console.log(club);
//FootballClub {
//    name: 'Arsenal',
//    _stadium: 'Emirates',
//    currmanager: 'Arteta'
//  }
console.log( club.stadium ); // EMIRATES
club.stadium = "Highbury"; // TypeError: Cannot set property stadium of #<FootballClub> which has only a getter

在上面的例子中，我们没有给出stadium的setter方法，因此我们不能为它设置一个新值。在接下来的例子中，为体育场添加了一个setter

eg 2

class FootballClub {
    constructor (cname, cstadium, ccurrentmanager) {
        this.name = cname;
        this._stadium  = cstadium;  //  we will treat this prop as private and give getter and setter for this.
        this.currmanager = ccurrentmanager;
    }

    get stadium( ) {
        return this._stadium.toUpperCase();
    }

    set stadium(val) {
       this._stadium = val;
    }
}

let club = new FootballClub("Arsenal", "Emirates" , "Arteta")
console.log(club.stadium); // EMIRATES
club.stadium = "Emirates Stadium";
console.log(club.stadium); // EMIRATES STADIUM

来这个派对很晚，但我在搜索中碰到了OP问题，所以… 是的，您可以通过将类声明包装在闭包中来拥有私有属性

这里有一个我如何在这个代码依赖中拥有私有方法的例子。在下面的代码片段中，Subscribable类有两个“私有”函数process和processCallbacks。任何属性都可以以这种方式添加，并且通过使用闭包将它们保持为私有。如果关注点被很好地分离，并且Javascript不需要通过添加更多的语法而变得臃肿，当闭包整齐地完成工作时，隐私是一个罕见的需求。

const Subscribable = (function(){

  const process = (self, eventName, args) => {
    self.processing.set(eventName, setTimeout(() => processCallbacks(self, eventName, args)))};

  const processCallbacks = (self, eventName, args) => {
    if (self.callingBack.get(eventName).length > 0){
      const [nextCallback, ...callingBack] = self.callingBack.get(eventName);
      self.callingBack.set(eventName, callingBack);
      process(self, eventName, args);
      nextCallback(...args)}
    else {
      delete self.processing.delete(eventName)}};

  return class {
    constructor(){
      this.callingBack = new Map();
      this.processing = new Map();
      this.toCallbacks = new Map()}

    subscribe(eventName, callback){
      const callbacks = this.unsubscribe(eventName, callback);
      this.toCallbacks.set(eventName,  [...callbacks, callback]);
      return () => this.unsubscribe(eventName, callback)}  // callable to unsubscribe for convenience

    unsubscribe(eventName, callback){
      let callbacks = this.toCallbacks.get(eventName) || [];
      callbacks = callbacks.filter(subscribedCallback => subscribedCallback !== callback);
      if (callbacks.length > 0) {
        this.toCallbacks.set(eventName, callbacks)}
      else {
        this.toCallbacks.delete(eventName)}
      return callbacks}

    emit(eventName, ...args){
      this.callingBack.set(eventName, this.toCallbacks.get(eventName) || []);
      if (!this.processing.has(eventName)){
        process(this, eventName, args)}}}})();

我喜欢这种方法，因为它很好地分离了关注点，并保持了真正的私密性。唯一的缺点是需要使用'self'(或类似的东西)在私有内容中引用'this'。

你可以试试这个https://www.npmjs.com/package/private-members

这个包将按实例保存成员。

const pvt = require('private-members');
const _ = pvt();

let Exemplo = (function () {    
    function Exemplo() {
        _(this).msg = "Minha Mensagem";
    }

    _().mensagem = function() {
        return _(this).msg;
    }

    Exemplo.prototype.showMsg = function () {
        let msg = _(this).mensagem();
        console.log(msg);
    };

    return Exemplo;
})();

module.exports = Exemplo;

class Something {
  constructor(){
    var _property = "test";
    Object.defineProperty(this, "property", {
        get: function(){ return _property}
    });
  }
}

var instance = new Something();
console.log(instance.property); //=> "test"
instance.property = "can read from outside, but can't write";
console.log(instance.property); //=> "test"