subprocess.check_call 是方便的,如果你不想测试返回值。

下面是我的两个百分点:在我看来,这是处理外部命令时最好的做法......

这些是执行方法的回报值......

pass, stdout, stderr = execute(["ls","-la"],"/home/user/desktop")

这是执行方法......

def execute(cmdArray,workingDir):

    stdout = ''
    stderr = ''

    try:
        try:
            process = subprocess.Popen(cmdArray,cwd=workingDir, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, bufsize=1)
        except OSError:
            return [False, '', 'ERROR : command(' + ' '.join(cmdArray) + ') could not get executed!']

        for line in iter(process.stdout.readline, b''):

            try:
                echoLine = line.decode("utf-8")
            except:
                echoLine = str(line)

            stdout += echoLine

        for line in iter(process.stderr.readline, b''):

            try:
                echoLine = line.decode("utf-8")
            except:
                echoLine = str(line)

            stderr += echoLine

    except (KeyboardInterrupt,SystemExit) as err:
        return [False,'',str(err)]

    process.stdout.close()

    returnCode = process.wait()
    if returnCode != 0 or stderr != '':
        return [False, stdout, stderr]
    else:
        return [True, stdout, stderr]

苏丹是一个最近为此而设计的包,它提供了管理用户特权和添加有用的错误消息的一些好处。

from sultan.api import Sultan

with Sultan.load(sudo=True, hostname="myserver.com") as sultan:
  sultan.yum("install -y tree").run()

还有铅

>>> from plumbum import local
>>> ls = local["ls"]
>>> ls
LocalCommand(<LocalPath /bin/ls>)
>>> ls()
u'build.py\ndist\ndocs\nLICENSE\nplumbum\nREADME.rst\nsetup.py\ntests\ntodo.txt\n'
>>> notepad = local["c:\\windows\\notepad.exe"]
>>> notepad()                                   # Notepad window pops up
u''                                             # Notepad window is closed by user, command returns

使用Python模块的Popen函数是运行Linux命令的最简单方式,Popen.communicate()函数将为您的命令提供输出。

import subprocess

..
process = subprocess.Popen(..)   # Pass command and arguments to the function
stdout, stderr = process.communicate()   # Get command output and error
..

import os
os.system("your command")

请注意,这是危险的,因为命令没有清理,我将其留给谷歌有关“骨”和“骨”模块的文档,有许多功能(exec*和spawn*)将做类似的事情。