验证字符串是否是有效的电子邮件地址的最优雅的代码是什么?


当前回答

我从第1条中得到Phil的答案,并创建了这个类。 这样调用它:bool isValid = Validator.EmailIsValid(emailString);

下面是这个类:

using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

public static class Validator
{

    static Regex ValidEmailRegex = CreateValidEmailRegex();

    /// <summary>
    /// Taken from http://haacked.com/archive/2007/08/21/i-knew-how-to-validate-an-email-address-until-i.aspx
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private static Regex CreateValidEmailRegex()
    {
        string validEmailPattern = @"^(?!\.)(""([^""\r\\]|\\[""\r\\])*""|"
            + @"([-a-z0-9!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~]|(?<!\.)\.)*)(?<!\.)"
            + @"@[a-z0-9][\w\.-]*[a-z0-9]\.[a-z][a-z\.]*[a-z]$";

        return new Regex(validEmailPattern, RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
    }

    internal static bool EmailIsValid(string emailAddress)
    {
        bool isValid = ValidEmailRegex.IsMatch(emailAddress);

        return isValid;
    }
}

其他回答

    /// <summary>
    /// Validates the email if it follows the valid email format
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="emailAddress"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static bool EmailIsValid(string emailAddress)
    {
        //if string is not null and empty then check for email follow the format
        return string.IsNullOrEmpty(emailAddress)?false : new Regex(@"^(?!\.)(""([^""\r\\]|\\[""\r\\])*""|([-a-z0-9!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~]|(?<!\.)\.)*)(?<!\.)@[a-z0-9][\w\.-]*[a-z0-9]\.[a-z][a-z\.]*[a-z]$", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase).IsMatch(emailAddress);
    }

我只是想指出,最近在. net文档中增加了关于电子邮件验证的内容,也使用了Regex操作。 关于它们实现的详细解释可以在那里找到。

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/base-types/how-to-verify-that-strings-are-in-valid-email-format

为了方便起见,下面是他们的测试结果:

//       Valid: david.jones@proseware.com
//       Valid: d.j@server1.proseware.com
//       Valid: jones@ms1.proseware.com
//       Invalid: j.@server1.proseware.com
//       Valid: j@proseware.com9
//       Valid: js#internal@proseware.com
//       Valid: j_9@[129.126.118.1]
//       Invalid: j..s@proseware.com
//       Invalid: js*@proseware.com
//       Invalid: js@proseware..com
//       Valid: js@proseware.com9
//       Valid: j.s@server1.proseware.com
//       Valid: "j\"s\""@proseware.com
//       Valid: js@contoso.中国

在“尝试块”发送一个验证电子邮件。 让用户打开电子邮件并单击一个链接,以验证电子邮件是真实的。

在此过程成功完成之前,该电子邮件被认为是无效的。

我根据维基百科的规则和样本地址创建了一个电子邮件地址验证程序。对于那些不介意多看一点代码的人,这里。说实话,我不知道电子邮件地址规范中有这么多疯狂的规则。我没有完全验证主机名或ipaddress,但它仍然通过了维基百科上的所有测试用例。

using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;

namespace EmailValidateUnitTests
{
    [TestClass]
    public class EmailValidationUnitTests
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void TestEmailValidate()
        {
            // Positive Assertions
            Assert.IsTrue("prettyandsimple@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("very.common@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("disposable.style.email.with+symbol@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("other.email-with-dash@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("\"much.more unusual\"@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("\"very.unusual.@.unusual.com\"@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress()); //"very.unusual.@.unusual.com"@example.com
            Assert.IsTrue("\"very.(),:;<>[]\\\".VERY.\\\"very@\\\\ \\\"very\\\".unusual\"@strange.example.com".IsValidEmailAddress()); //"very.(),:;<>[]\".VERY.\"very@\\ \"very\".unusual"@strange.example.com
            Assert.IsTrue("admin@mailserver1".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("#!$%&'*+-/=?^_`{}|~@example.org".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("\"()<>[]:,;@\\\\\\\"!#$%&'*+-/=?^_`{}| ~.a\"@example.org".IsValidEmailAddress()); //"()<>[]:,;@\\\"!#$%&'*+-/=?^_`{}| ~.a"@example.org
            Assert.IsTrue("\" \"@example.org".IsValidEmailAddress()); //" "@example.org (space between the quotes)
            Assert.IsTrue("example@localhost".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("example@s.solutions".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("user@com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("user@localserver".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("user@[IPv6:2001:db8::1]".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("user@[192.168.2.1]".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("(comment and stuff)joe@gmail.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("joe(comment and stuff)@gmail.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("joe@(comment and stuff)gmail.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("joe@gmail.com(comment and stuff)".IsValidEmailAddress());

            // Failure Assertions
            Assert.IsFalse("joe(fail me)smith@gmail.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsFalse("joesmith@gma(fail me)il.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsFalse("joe@gmail.com(comment and stuff".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsFalse("Abc.example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsFalse("A@b@c@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsFalse("a\"b(c)d,e:f;g<h>i[j\\k]l@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress()); //a"b(c)d,e:f;g<h>i[j\k]l@example.com
            Assert.IsFalse("just\"not\"right@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress()); //just"not"right@example.com
            Assert.IsFalse("this is\"not\\allowed@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress()); //this is"not\allowed@example.com
            Assert.IsFalse("this\\ still\\\"not\\\\allowed@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());//this\ still\"not\\allowed@example.com
            Assert.IsFalse("john..doe@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsFalse("john.doe@example..com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsFalse(" joe@gmail.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsFalse("joe@gmail.com ".IsValidEmailAddress());
        }
    }

    public static class ExtensionMethods
    {
        private const string ValidLocalPartChars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789!#$%&'*+-/=?^_`{|}~";
        private const string ValidQuotedLocalPartChars = "(),:;<>@[]. ";
        private const string ValidDomainPartChars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789-:";

        private enum EmailParseMode
        {
            BeginLocal, Local, QuotedLocalEscape, QuotedLocal, QuotedLocalEnd, LocalSplit, LocalComment,
            At,
            Domain, DomainSplit, DomainComment, BracketedDomain, BracketedDomainEnd
        };

        public static bool IsValidEmailAddress(this string s)
        {
            bool valid = true;

            bool hasLocal = false, hasDomain = false;
            int commentStart = -1, commentEnd = -1;
            var mode = EmailParseMode.BeginLocal;
            for (int i = 0; i < s.Length; i++)
            {
                char c = s[i];
                if (mode == EmailParseMode.BeginLocal || mode == EmailParseMode.LocalSplit)
                {
                    if (c == '(') { mode = EmailParseMode.LocalComment; commentStart = i; commentEnd = -1; }
                    else if (c == '"') { mode = EmailParseMode.QuotedLocal; }
                    else if (ValidLocalPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0) { mode = EmailParseMode.Local; hasLocal = true; }
                    else { valid = false; break; }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.LocalComment)
                {
                    if (c == ')')
                    {
                        mode = EmailParseMode.Local; commentEnd = i;
                        // comments can only be at beginning and end of parts...
                        if (commentStart != 0 && ((commentEnd + 1) < s.Length) && s[commentEnd + 1] != '@') { valid = false; break; }
                    }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.Local)
                {
                    if (c == '.') mode = EmailParseMode.LocalSplit;
                    else if (c == '@') mode = EmailParseMode.At;
                    else if (c == '(') { mode = EmailParseMode.LocalComment; commentStart = i; commentEnd = -1; }
                    else if (ValidLocalPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0) { hasLocal = true; }
                    else { valid = false; break; }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.QuotedLocal)
                {
                    if (c == '"') { mode = EmailParseMode.QuotedLocalEnd; }
                    else if (c == '\\') { mode = EmailParseMode.QuotedLocalEscape; }
                    else if (ValidLocalPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0 || ValidQuotedLocalPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0) { hasLocal = true; }
                    else { valid = false; break; }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.QuotedLocalEscape)
                {
                    if (c == '"' || c == '\\') { mode = EmailParseMode.QuotedLocal; hasLocal = true; }
                    else { valid = false; break; }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.QuotedLocalEnd)
                {
                    if (c == '.') { mode = EmailParseMode.LocalSplit; }
                    else if (c == '@') mode = EmailParseMode.At;
                    else if (c == '(') { mode = EmailParseMode.LocalComment; commentStart = i; commentEnd = -1; }
                    else { valid = false; break; }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.At)
                {
                    if (c == '[') { mode = EmailParseMode.BracketedDomain; }
                    else if (c == '(') { mode = EmailParseMode.DomainComment; commentStart = i; commentEnd = -1; }
                    else if (ValidDomainPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0) { mode = EmailParseMode.Domain; hasDomain = true; }
                    else { valid = false; break; }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.DomainComment)
                {
                    if (c == ')')
                    {
                        mode = EmailParseMode.Domain;
                        commentEnd = i;
                        // comments can only be at beginning and end of parts...
                        if ((commentEnd + 1) != s.Length && (commentStart > 0) && s[commentStart - 1] != '@') { valid = false; break; }
                    }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.DomainSplit)
                {
                    if (ValidDomainPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0) { mode = EmailParseMode.Domain; hasDomain = true; }
                    else { valid = false; break; }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.Domain)
                {
                    if (c == '(') { mode = EmailParseMode.DomainComment; commentStart = i; commentEnd = -1; }
                    else if (c == '.') { mode = EmailParseMode.DomainSplit; }
                    else if (ValidDomainPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0) { hasDomain = true; }
                    else { valid = false; break; }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.BracketedDomain)
                {
                    if (c == ']') { mode = EmailParseMode.BracketedDomainEnd; }
                    else if (c == '.' || ValidDomainPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0) { hasDomain = true; }
                    else { valid = false; break; }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.BracketedDomain)
                {
                    if (c == '(') { mode = EmailParseMode.DomainComment; commentStart = i; commentEnd = -1; }
                    else { valid = false; break; }
                }
            }
            bool unfinishedComment = (commentEnd == -1 && commentStart >= 0);

            return hasLocal && hasDomain && valid && !unfinishedComment;
        }
    }
}

如果你正在使用FluentValidation,你可以写一些像这样简单的东西:

public cass User
{
    public string Email { get; set; }
}

public class UserValidator : AbstractValidator<User>
{
    public UserValidator()
    {
        RuleFor(x => x.Email).EmailAddress().WithMessage("The text entered is not a valid email address.");
    }
}

// Validates an user. 
var validationResult = new UserValidator().Validate(new User { Email = "açflkdj" });

// This will return false, since the user email is not valid.
bool userIsValid = validationResult.IsValid;