验证字符串是否是有效的电子邮件地址的最优雅的代码是什么?


当前回答

在c#的regex中有文化问题,而不是js。所以我们需要在US模式下使用regex进行邮件检查。如果你不使用ECMAScript模式,你的语言特殊字符是在A-Z与正则表达式中隐含的。

Regex.IsMatch(email, @"^([a-zA-Z0-9_\-\.]+)@((\[[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.)|(([a-zA-Z0-9_\-]+\.)+))([a-zA-Z]{2,4}|[0-9]{1,3})(\]?)$", RegexOptions.ECMAScript)

其他回答

我从第1条中得到Phil的答案,并创建了这个类。 这样调用它:bool isValid = Validator.EmailIsValid(emailString);

下面是这个类:

using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

public static class Validator
{

    static Regex ValidEmailRegex = CreateValidEmailRegex();

    /// <summary>
    /// Taken from http://haacked.com/archive/2007/08/21/i-knew-how-to-validate-an-email-address-until-i.aspx
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private static Regex CreateValidEmailRegex()
    {
        string validEmailPattern = @"^(?!\.)(""([^""\r\\]|\\[""\r\\])*""|"
            + @"([-a-z0-9!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~]|(?<!\.)\.)*)(?<!\.)"
            + @"@[a-z0-9][\w\.-]*[a-z0-9]\.[a-z][a-z\.]*[a-z]$";

        return new Regex(validEmailPattern, RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
    }

    internal static bool EmailIsValid(string emailAddress)
    {
        bool isValid = ValidEmailRegex.IsMatch(emailAddress);

        return isValid;
    }
}

这是我的答案——Phil的解决方案不适用于“someone@q.com”这样的单字母域名。信不信由你,这是used =)(例如,转到centurylink)。

菲尔的答案也只适用于PCRE标准…所以c#将会接受它,但javascript将会爆炸。这对于javascript来说太复杂了。所以你不能使用Phil的mvc验证属性的解决方案。

这是正则表达式。它将很好地与MVC验证属性一起工作。 @之前的所有内容都被简化了,这样至少javascript可以工作。我可以在这里放松验证,只要交换服务器不给我5.1.3。 @后面的都是Phil针对单字母域修改的解决方案。

public const string EmailPattern =
        @"^\s*[\w\-\+_']+(\.[\w\-\+_']+)*\@[A-Za-z0-9]([\w\.-]*[A-Za-z0-9])?\.[A-Za-z][A-Za-z\.]*[A-Za-z]$";

对于那些建议使用system.net.mailmessage()的人来说,这个东西太灵活了。当然,c#将接受电子邮件,但交换服务器将爆炸5.1.3运行时错误一旦你试图发送电子邮件。

对@齿轮回答做了一点修改

public static bool IsValidEmail(this string email)
{
  // skip the exception & return early if possible
  if (email.IndexOf("@") <= 0) return false;

  try
  {
    var address = new MailAddress(email);
    return address.Address == email;
  }
  catch
  {
    return false;
  }
}

我根据维基百科的规则和样本地址创建了一个电子邮件地址验证程序。对于那些不介意多看一点代码的人,这里。说实话,我不知道电子邮件地址规范中有这么多疯狂的规则。我没有完全验证主机名或ipaddress,但它仍然通过了维基百科上的所有测试用例。

using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;

namespace EmailValidateUnitTests
{
    [TestClass]
    public class EmailValidationUnitTests
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void TestEmailValidate()
        {
            // Positive Assertions
            Assert.IsTrue("prettyandsimple@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("very.common@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("disposable.style.email.with+symbol@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("other.email-with-dash@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("\"much.more unusual\"@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("\"very.unusual.@.unusual.com\"@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress()); //"very.unusual.@.unusual.com"@example.com
            Assert.IsTrue("\"very.(),:;<>[]\\\".VERY.\\\"very@\\\\ \\\"very\\\".unusual\"@strange.example.com".IsValidEmailAddress()); //"very.(),:;<>[]\".VERY.\"very@\\ \"very\".unusual"@strange.example.com
            Assert.IsTrue("admin@mailserver1".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("#!$%&'*+-/=?^_`{}|~@example.org".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("\"()<>[]:,;@\\\\\\\"!#$%&'*+-/=?^_`{}| ~.a\"@example.org".IsValidEmailAddress()); //"()<>[]:,;@\\\"!#$%&'*+-/=?^_`{}| ~.a"@example.org
            Assert.IsTrue("\" \"@example.org".IsValidEmailAddress()); //" "@example.org (space between the quotes)
            Assert.IsTrue("example@localhost".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("example@s.solutions".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("user@com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("user@localserver".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("user@[IPv6:2001:db8::1]".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("user@[192.168.2.1]".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("(comment and stuff)joe@gmail.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("joe(comment and stuff)@gmail.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("joe@(comment and stuff)gmail.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsTrue("joe@gmail.com(comment and stuff)".IsValidEmailAddress());

            // Failure Assertions
            Assert.IsFalse("joe(fail me)smith@gmail.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsFalse("joesmith@gma(fail me)il.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsFalse("joe@gmail.com(comment and stuff".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsFalse("Abc.example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsFalse("A@b@c@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsFalse("a\"b(c)d,e:f;g<h>i[j\\k]l@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress()); //a"b(c)d,e:f;g<h>i[j\k]l@example.com
            Assert.IsFalse("just\"not\"right@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress()); //just"not"right@example.com
            Assert.IsFalse("this is\"not\\allowed@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress()); //this is"not\allowed@example.com
            Assert.IsFalse("this\\ still\\\"not\\\\allowed@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());//this\ still\"not\\allowed@example.com
            Assert.IsFalse("john..doe@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsFalse("john.doe@example..com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsFalse(" joe@gmail.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
            Assert.IsFalse("joe@gmail.com ".IsValidEmailAddress());
        }
    }

    public static class ExtensionMethods
    {
        private const string ValidLocalPartChars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789!#$%&'*+-/=?^_`{|}~";
        private const string ValidQuotedLocalPartChars = "(),:;<>@[]. ";
        private const string ValidDomainPartChars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789-:";

        private enum EmailParseMode
        {
            BeginLocal, Local, QuotedLocalEscape, QuotedLocal, QuotedLocalEnd, LocalSplit, LocalComment,
            At,
            Domain, DomainSplit, DomainComment, BracketedDomain, BracketedDomainEnd
        };

        public static bool IsValidEmailAddress(this string s)
        {
            bool valid = true;

            bool hasLocal = false, hasDomain = false;
            int commentStart = -1, commentEnd = -1;
            var mode = EmailParseMode.BeginLocal;
            for (int i = 0; i < s.Length; i++)
            {
                char c = s[i];
                if (mode == EmailParseMode.BeginLocal || mode == EmailParseMode.LocalSplit)
                {
                    if (c == '(') { mode = EmailParseMode.LocalComment; commentStart = i; commentEnd = -1; }
                    else if (c == '"') { mode = EmailParseMode.QuotedLocal; }
                    else if (ValidLocalPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0) { mode = EmailParseMode.Local; hasLocal = true; }
                    else { valid = false; break; }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.LocalComment)
                {
                    if (c == ')')
                    {
                        mode = EmailParseMode.Local; commentEnd = i;
                        // comments can only be at beginning and end of parts...
                        if (commentStart != 0 && ((commentEnd + 1) < s.Length) && s[commentEnd + 1] != '@') { valid = false; break; }
                    }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.Local)
                {
                    if (c == '.') mode = EmailParseMode.LocalSplit;
                    else if (c == '@') mode = EmailParseMode.At;
                    else if (c == '(') { mode = EmailParseMode.LocalComment; commentStart = i; commentEnd = -1; }
                    else if (ValidLocalPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0) { hasLocal = true; }
                    else { valid = false; break; }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.QuotedLocal)
                {
                    if (c == '"') { mode = EmailParseMode.QuotedLocalEnd; }
                    else if (c == '\\') { mode = EmailParseMode.QuotedLocalEscape; }
                    else if (ValidLocalPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0 || ValidQuotedLocalPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0) { hasLocal = true; }
                    else { valid = false; break; }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.QuotedLocalEscape)
                {
                    if (c == '"' || c == '\\') { mode = EmailParseMode.QuotedLocal; hasLocal = true; }
                    else { valid = false; break; }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.QuotedLocalEnd)
                {
                    if (c == '.') { mode = EmailParseMode.LocalSplit; }
                    else if (c == '@') mode = EmailParseMode.At;
                    else if (c == '(') { mode = EmailParseMode.LocalComment; commentStart = i; commentEnd = -1; }
                    else { valid = false; break; }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.At)
                {
                    if (c == '[') { mode = EmailParseMode.BracketedDomain; }
                    else if (c == '(') { mode = EmailParseMode.DomainComment; commentStart = i; commentEnd = -1; }
                    else if (ValidDomainPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0) { mode = EmailParseMode.Domain; hasDomain = true; }
                    else { valid = false; break; }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.DomainComment)
                {
                    if (c == ')')
                    {
                        mode = EmailParseMode.Domain;
                        commentEnd = i;
                        // comments can only be at beginning and end of parts...
                        if ((commentEnd + 1) != s.Length && (commentStart > 0) && s[commentStart - 1] != '@') { valid = false; break; }
                    }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.DomainSplit)
                {
                    if (ValidDomainPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0) { mode = EmailParseMode.Domain; hasDomain = true; }
                    else { valid = false; break; }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.Domain)
                {
                    if (c == '(') { mode = EmailParseMode.DomainComment; commentStart = i; commentEnd = -1; }
                    else if (c == '.') { mode = EmailParseMode.DomainSplit; }
                    else if (ValidDomainPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0) { hasDomain = true; }
                    else { valid = false; break; }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.BracketedDomain)
                {
                    if (c == ']') { mode = EmailParseMode.BracketedDomainEnd; }
                    else if (c == '.' || ValidDomainPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0) { hasDomain = true; }
                    else { valid = false; break; }
                }
                else if (mode == EmailParseMode.BracketedDomain)
                {
                    if (c == '(') { mode = EmailParseMode.DomainComment; commentStart = i; commentEnd = -1; }
                    else { valid = false; break; }
                }
            }
            bool unfinishedComment = (commentEnd == -1 && commentStart >= 0);

            return hasLocal && hasDomain && valid && !unfinishedComment;
        }
    }
}

一般来说,使用正则表达式来验证电子邮件地址并不是一件容易的事情;在撰写本文时,电子邮件地址的语法必须遵循相对较多的标准,在正则表达式中实现所有这些标准实际上是不可行的!

我强烈建议你试试我们的EmailVerify。NET是一个成熟的。NET库,它可以根据当前所有的IETF标准(RFC 1123, RFC 2821, RFC 2822, RFC 3696, RFC 4291, RFC 5321和RFC 5322)验证电子邮件地址,测试相关的DNS记录,检查目标邮箱是否可以接受消息,甚至可以判断给定的地址是否是一次性的。

免责声明:我是这个组件的主要开发人员。