在存储查找表的很小代价下，这个实现非常简单和快速。

 private static final char[] BYTE2HEX=(
    "000102030405060708090A0B0C0D0E0F"+
    "101112131415161718191A1B1C1D1E1F"+
    "202122232425262728292A2B2C2D2E2F"+
    "303132333435363738393A3B3C3D3E3F"+
    "404142434445464748494A4B4C4D4E4F"+
    "505152535455565758595A5B5C5D5E5F"+
    "606162636465666768696A6B6C6D6E6F"+
    "707172737475767778797A7B7C7D7E7F"+
    "808182838485868788898A8B8C8D8E8F"+
    "909192939495969798999A9B9C9D9E9F"+
    "A0A1A2A3A4A5A6A7A8A9AAABACADAEAF"+
    "B0B1B2B3B4B5B6B7B8B9BABBBCBDBEBF"+
    "C0C1C2C3C4C5C6C7C8C9CACBCCCDCECF"+
    "D0D1D2D3D4D5D6D7D8D9DADBDCDDDEDF"+
    "E0E1E2E3E4E5E6E7E8E9EAEBECEDEEEF"+
    "F0F1F2F3F4F5F6F7F8F9FAFBFCFDFEFF").toCharArray();
   ; 

  public static String getHexString(byte[] bytes) {
    final int len=bytes.length;
    final char[] chars=new char[len<<1];
    int hexIndex;
    int idx=0;
    int ofs=0;
    while (ofs<len) {
      hexIndex=(bytes[ofs++] & 0xFF)<<1;
      chars[idx++]=BYTE2HEX[hexIndex++];
      chars[idx++]=BYTE2HEX[hexIndex];
    }
    return new String(chars);
  }

最近我必须实现一个十六进制转换器，以十六进制格式将字节流转储到日志中。最初我是用海克斯做的。encodeHex已经在这里讨论过了。

但是如果你想以一种非常美观/可读的方式来表示字节数组，io.netty.buffer库可能是一个很好的用途，因为它打印出十六进制以及其中的字符串，消除了不可打印的字符。

要求是这样的，

0010   56 56 09 35 32 f0 b2 00 50 4c 45 41 53 45 20 52   VV.52...PLEASE R
0020   45 2d 45 4e 54 45 52 20 4c 41 53 54 20 54 52 41   E-ENTER LAST TRA
0030   4e 53 41 43 54 49 4f 4e 00 04                     NSACTION..

使用io.netty.buffer以一种更美观的方式做到这一点的最短方法是

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBufUtil;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;

void hexDump(byte[] buf) {
    ByteBuf byteBuf = Unpooled.wrappedBuffer(buf);
    log.trace("Bytes received (Hex)\n" + ByteBufUtil.prettyHexDump(byteBuf.slice()));
}

如果您正在使用maven，请在pom.xml中包含以下依赖项(在netty页面中检查最新版本)

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
    <artifactId>netty-buffer</artifactId>
    <version>4.1.68.Final</version>
</dependency>

输出是:

         +-------------------------------------------------+
         |  0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  a  b  c  d  e  f |
+--------+-------------------------------------------------+----------------+
|00000010| 40 40 b3 f3 80 f3 80 f3 80 f1 48 f1 41 f1 4e f1 |@@........H.A.N.|
|00000020| 47 f1 49 f1 4e f1 47 b5 f1 52 f1 4f f1 43 f1 4b |G.I.N.G..R.O.C.K|
|00000030| f3 80 f3 80 41 b4 40 40 f3 80 f3 80 40 f3 80 04 |....A.@@....@...|
+--------+-------------------------------------------------+----------------+

供您参考，使用答案中讨论的方法的长期方法(可能不是最有效的)是:

public static String hexDump(byte[] buf) throws DecoderException
{
    ByteBuffer byteBuf = ByteBuffer.wrap(buf);
    char[] result = Hex.encodeHex(byteBuf);

    String bin = new String(result).toUpperCase();
    String str = new String(Hex.decodeHex(bin), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);

    str = str.replaceAll("[^!-~]", ".");
    StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder();
    int bytes_per_line = 16;

    for (int pos = 0; pos < str.length(); pos += bytes_per_line) {
        out.append(String.format("%04X   ", pos));
        if (2 * (pos + bytes_per_line) >= bin.length()) {
            out.append(String.format("%-" + 2 * bytes_per_line + "s", bin.substring(2 * pos)).replaceAll("..", "$0 "));
        } else {
            out.append(bin.substring(2 * pos, 2 * (pos + bytes_per_line)).replaceAll("..", "$0 "));
        }
        out.append("   ");
        if (pos + bytes_per_line > str.length()) {
            out.append(str.substring(pos));

        } else {
            out.append(str.substring(pos, pos + bytes_per_line));
        }
        out.append("\n");
    }

    return out.toString();
}

public static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) {

    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

    if (bytes != null) 
        for (byte b:bytes) {

            final String hexString = Integer.toHexString(b & 0xff);

            if(hexString.length()==1)
                sb.append('0');

            sb.append(hexString);//.append(' ');
        }

      return sb.toString();//.toUpperCase();
}

使用DatatypeConverter:

public String toHexString(byte... bytes) {

    return Optional.ofNullable(bytes)
            .filter(bs->bs.length>0)
            .map(DatatypeConverter::printHexBinary)
            .map(str->IntStream.range(0, str.length())
                    .filter(i->(i%2)==0)        // take every second index
                    .mapToObj(i->"0x" + str.substring(i, i+2))
                    .collect(Collectors.joining(" ")))
            .orElse("");
}

@maybewecouldstealavan提出的解决方案的一个小变种，它让你在输出十六进制字符串中可视化地捆绑N个字节:

 final static char[] HEX_ARRAY = "0123456789ABCDEF".toCharArray();
 final static char BUNDLE_SEP = ' ';

public static String bytesToHexString(byte[] bytes, int bundleSize /*[bytes]*/]) {
        char[] hexChars = new char[(bytes.length * 2) + (bytes.length / bundleSize)];
        for (int j = 0, k = 1; j < bytes.length; j++, k++) {
                int v = bytes[j] & 0xFF;
                int start = (j * 2) + j/bundleSize;

                hexChars[start] = HEX_ARRAY[v >>> 4];
                hexChars[start + 1] = HEX_ARRAY[v & 0x0F];

                if ((k % bundleSize) == 0) {
                        hexChars[start + 2] = BUNDLE_SEP;
                }   
        }   
        return new String(hexChars).trim();    
}

那就是:

bytesToHexString("..DOOM..".toCharArray().getBytes(), 2);
2E2E 444F 4F4D 2E2E

bytesToHexString("..DOOM..".toCharArray().getBytes(), 4);
2E2E444F 4F4D2E2E

对于固定长度，我会使用这样的东西，比如哈希值:

md5sum = String.format("%032x", new BigInteger(1, md.digest()));

Converts bytes data to hex characters

@param bytes byte array to be converted to hex string
@return byte String in hex format

private static String bytesToHex(byte[] bytes) {
    char[] hexChars = new char[bytes.length * 2];
    int v;
    for (int j = 0; j < bytes.length; j++) {
        v = bytes[j] & 0xFF;
        hexChars[j * 2] = HEX_ARRAY[v >>> 4];
        hexChars[j * 2 + 1] = HEX_ARRAY[v & 0x0F];
    }
    return new String(hexChars);
}