如何计算由经纬度指定的两点之间的距离?
为了澄清,我想用千米来表示距离;这些点使用WGS84系统,我想了解可用方法的相对准确性。
如何计算由经纬度指定的两点之间的距离?
为了澄清,我想用千米来表示距离;这些点使用WGS84系统,我想了解可用方法的相对准确性。
当前回答
下面是Haversine公式的java实现。
public final static double AVERAGE_RADIUS_OF_EARTH_KM = 6371;
public int calculateDistanceInKilometer(double userLat, double userLng,
double venueLat, double venueLng) {
double latDistance = Math.toRadians(userLat - venueLat);
double lngDistance = Math.toRadians(userLng - venueLng);
double a = Math.sin(latDistance / 2) * Math.sin(latDistance / 2)
+ Math.cos(Math.toRadians(userLat)) * Math.cos(Math.toRadians(venueLat))
* Math.sin(lngDistance / 2) * Math.sin(lngDistance / 2);
double c = 2 * Math.atan2(Math.sqrt(a), Math.sqrt(1 - a));
return (int) (Math.round(AVERAGE_RADIUS_OF_EARTH_KM * c));
}
请注意,这里我们将答案四舍五入到最近的km。
其他回答
可能有一个更简单、更正确的解决方案:地球的周长在赤道上是40000公里,在格林威治(或任何经度)周期上约为37000公里。因此:
pythagoras = function (lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2) {
function sqr(x) {return x * x;}
function cosDeg(x) {return Math.cos(x * Math.PI / 180.0);}
var earthCyclePerimeter = 40000000.0 * cosDeg((lat1 + lat2) / 2.0);
var dx = (lon1 - lon2) * earthCyclePerimeter / 360.0;
var dy = 37000000.0 * (lat1 - lat2) / 360.0;
return Math.sqrt(sqr(dx) + sqr(dy));
};
我同意它应该被微调,我自己说过它是一个椭球,所以半径乘以余弦值是不同的。但它更准确一点。与谷歌map相比,误差明显减小。
下面是另一个转换为Ruby代码的代码:
include Math
#Note: from/to = [lat, long]
def get_distance_in_km(from, to)
radians = lambda { |deg| deg * Math.PI / 180 }
radius = 6371 # Radius of the earth in kilometer
dLat = radians[to[0]-from[0]]
dLon = radians[to[1]-from[1]]
cosines_product = Math.sin(dLat/2) * Math.sin(dLat/2) + Math.cos(radians[from[0]]) * Math.cos(radians[to[1]]) * Math.sin(dLon/2) * Math.sin(dLon/2)
c = 2 * Math.atan2(Math.sqrt(cosines_product), Math.sqrt(1-cosines_product))
return radius * c # Distance in kilometer
end
下面是一个Scala实现:
def calculateHaversineDistance(lat1: Double, lon1: Double, lat2: Double, lon2: Double): Double = {
val long2 = lon2 * math.Pi / 180
val lat2 = lat2 * math.Pi / 180
val long1 = lon1 * math.Pi / 180
val lat1 = lat1 * math.Pi / 180
val dlon = long2 - long1
val dlat = lat2 - lat1
val a = math.pow(math.sin(dlat / 2), 2) + math.cos(lat1) * math.cos(lat2) * math.pow(math.sin(dlon / 2), 2)
val c = 2 * math.atan2(Math.sqrt(a), math.sqrt(1 - a))
val haversineDistance = 3961 * c // 3961 = radius of earth in miles
haversineDistance
}
下面是VB的实现。NET,这个实现将根据您传递的Enum值以KM或Miles为单位给您结果。
Public Enum DistanceType
Miles
KiloMeters
End Enum
Public Structure Position
Public Latitude As Double
Public Longitude As Double
End Structure
Public Class Haversine
Public Function Distance(Pos1 As Position,
Pos2 As Position,
DistType As DistanceType) As Double
Dim R As Double = If((DistType = DistanceType.Miles), 3960, 6371)
Dim dLat As Double = Me.toRadian(Pos2.Latitude - Pos1.Latitude)
Dim dLon As Double = Me.toRadian(Pos2.Longitude - Pos1.Longitude)
Dim a As Double = Math.Sin(dLat / 2) * Math.Sin(dLat / 2) + Math.Cos(Me.toRadian(Pos1.Latitude)) * Math.Cos(Me.toRadian(Pos2.Latitude)) * Math.Sin(dLon / 2) * Math.Sin(dLon / 2)
Dim c As Double = 2 * Math.Asin(Math.Min(1, Math.Sqrt(a)))
Dim result As Double = R * c
Return result
End Function
Private Function toRadian(val As Double) As Double
Return (Math.PI / 180) * val
End Function
End Class
function getDistanceFromLatLonInKm(position1, position2) {
"use strict";
var deg2rad = function (deg) { return deg * (Math.PI / 180); },
R = 6371,
dLat = deg2rad(position2.lat - position1.lat),
dLng = deg2rad(position2.lng - position1.lng),
a = Math.sin(dLat / 2) * Math.sin(dLat / 2)
+ Math.cos(deg2rad(position1.lat))
* Math.cos(deg2rad(position2.lat))
* Math.sin(dLng / 2) * Math.sin(dLng / 2),
c = 2 * Math.atan2(Math.sqrt(a), Math.sqrt(1 - a));
return R * c;
}
console.log(getDistanceFromLatLonInKm(
{lat: 48.7931459, lng: 1.9483572},
{lat: 48.827167, lng: 2.2459745}
));