I'm adding an answer for the sake of completeness. A number of other answers pointed out that the large condition block could be split out into a separate function. But as was also pointed out a number of times is that this approach separates the conditional code from the original context. This is one reason that lambdas were added to the language in C++11. Using lambdas was suggested by others but no explicit sample was provided. I've put one in this answer. What strikes me is that it feels very similar to the do { } while(0) approach in many ways - and maybe that means it's still a goto in disguise....

earlier operations
...
[&]()->void {

    if (!check()) return;
    ...
    ...
    if (!check()) return;
    ...
    ...
    if (!check()) return;
    ...
    ...
}();
later operations

使用异常。您的代码将看起来更加清晰(并且创建异常正是为了处理程序执行流中的错误)。有关清理资源(文件描述符，数据库连接等)，请阅读文章“为什么c++不提供一个“finally”结构?”

#include <iostream>
#include <stdexcept>   // For exception, runtime_error, out_of_range

int main () {
    try {
        if (!condition)
            throw std::runtime_error("nope.");
        ...
        if (!other condition)
            throw std::runtime_error("nope again.");
        ...
        if (!another condition)
            throw std::runtime_error("told you.");
        ...
        if (!yet another condition)
            throw std::runtime_error("OK, just forget it...");
    }
    catch (std::runtime_error &e) {
        std::cout << e.what() << std::endl;
    }
    catch (...) {
        std::cout << "Caught an unknown exception\n";
    }
    return 0;
}

我会推荐一种类似于Mats答案的方法，减去不必要的goto。只在函数中放入条件逻辑。任何始终运行的代码都应该在调用方调用函数之前或之后执行:

void main()
{
    //do stuff always
    func();
    //do other stuff always
}

void func()
{
    if (!condition)
        return;
    ...
    if (!other condition)
        return;
    ...
    if (!another condition)
        return;
    ... 
    if (!yet another condition)
        return;
    ...
}

Try to extract the code into a separate function (or perhaps more than one). Then return from the function if the check fails. If it's too tightly coupled with the surrounding code to do that, and you can't find a way to reduce the coupling, look at the code after this block. Presumably, it cleans up some resources used by the function. Try to manage these resources using an RAII object; then replace each dodgy break with return (or throw, if that's more appropriate) and let the object's destructor clean up for you. If the program flow is (necessarily) so squiggly that you really need a goto, then use that rather than giving it a weird disguise. If you have coding rules that blindly forbid goto, and you really can't simplify the program flow, then you'll probably have to disguise it with your do hack.

当然不是答案，而是一个答案(为了完整起见)

而不是:

do {
    if(!check()) break;
    ...
    ...
    if(!check()) break;
    ...
    ...
    if(!check()) break;
    ...
    ...
} while(0);

你可以这样写:

switch (0) {
case 0:
    if(!check()) break;
    ...
    ...
    if(!check()) break;
    ...
    ...
    if(!check()) break;
    ...
    ...
}

这仍然是一个伪装的goto，但至少它不再是一个循环。这意味着你不需要非常仔细地检查是否有一些继续隐藏在块的某处。

构造也非常简单，您可以希望编译器会优化它。

正如@jamesdlin所建议的，你甚至可以把它隐藏在一个宏后面

#define BLOC switch(0) case 0:

然后像这样使用它

BLOC {
    if(!check()) break;
    ...
    ...
    if(!check()) break;
    ...
    ...
    if(!check()) break;
    ...
    ...
}

这是可能的，因为C语言语法期望在开关之后有一个语句，而不是一个括号中的块，并且您可以在该语句之前放置一个case标签。到目前为止，我还没有看到允许这样做的意义，但在这种特殊情况下，将开关隐藏在一个漂亮的宏后面是很方便的。

TLDR: RAII、事务性代码(仅设置结果或在已经计算时返回内容)和异常。

长一点的回答:

在C语言中，这类代码的最佳实践是在代码中添加一个EXIT/CLEANUP/other标签，在该标签中进行本地资源的清理，并返回错误代码(如果有的话)。这是最佳实践，因为它将代码自然地划分为初始化、计算、提交和返回:

error_code_type c_to_refactor(result_type *r)
{
    error_code_type result = error_ok; //error_code_type/error_ok defd. elsewhere
    some_resource r1, r2; // , ...;
    if(error_ok != (result = computation1(&r1))) // Allocates local resources
        goto cleanup;
    if(error_ok != (result = computation2(&r2))) // Allocates local resources
        goto cleanup;
    // ...

    // Commit code: all operations succeeded
    *r = computed_value_n;
cleanup:
    free_resource1(r1);
    free_resource2(r2);
    return result;
}

在C语言中，在大多数代码库中，if(error_ok !=…goto代码通常隐藏在一些方便的宏(RET(computation_result)， ENSURE_SUCCESS(computation_result, return_code)等)后面。

c++比C提供了额外的工具:

清理块功能可以作为RAII实现，这意味着您不再需要整个清理块，并允许客户端代码添加早期返回语句。 当无法继续时抛出抛出，转换所有if(error_ok !=…变成直接的通话。

等价的c++代码:

result_type cpp_code()
{
    raii_resource1 r1 = computation1();
    raii_resource2 r2 = computation2();
    // ...
    return computed_value_n;
}

这是最佳实践，因为:

It is explicit (that is, while error handling is not explicit, the main flow of the algorithm is) It is straightforward to write client code It is minimal It is simple It has no repetitive code constructs It uses no macros It doesn't use weird do { ... } while(0) constructs It is reusable with minimal effort (that is, if I want to copy the call to computation2(); to a different function, I don't have to make sure I add a do { ... } while(0) in the new code, nor #define a goto wrapper macro and a cleanup label, nor anything else).