一个实际的区别是，如果你为Mac OS X编写一个shell脚本，并将其保存为普通的UTF-8，你将得到响应:

#!/bin/bash: No such file or directory

在shebang行指定您希望使用哪个shell的响应中:

#!/bin/bash

如果你保存为UTF-8，没有BOM(说在BBEdit)，一切都会很好。

我用utf-8保存了一个自动热键文件，中文字符变得奇怪。

使用utf-8 BOM，工作正常。

AutoHotkey不会自动识别UTF-8文件，除非它以字节顺序标记开始。

https://www.autohotkey.com/docs/FAQ.htm#nonascii

引用于维基百科页面底部BOM: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte-order_mark#cite_note-2

对于UTF-8，使用BOM既不要求也不推荐，但在从使用BOM的其他编码形式转换UTF-8数据或将BOM用作UTF-8签名的上下文中可能会遇到这种情况。

一个实际的区别是，如果你为Mac OS X编写一个shell脚本，并将其保存为普通的UTF-8，你将得到响应:

#!/bin/bash: No such file or directory

在shebang行指定您希望使用哪个shell的响应中:

#!/bin/bash

如果你保存为UTF-8，没有BOM(说在BBEdit)，一切都会很好。

Unicode字节顺序标记(BOM)常见问题解答提供了一个简明的答案:

Q: How I should deal with BOMs? A: Here are some guidelines to follow: A particular protocol (e.g. Microsoft conventions for .txt files) may require use of the BOM on certain Unicode data streams, such as files. When you need to conform to such a protocol, use a BOM. Some protocols allow optional BOMs in the case of untagged text. In those cases, Where a text data stream is known to be plain text, but of unknown encoding, BOM can be used as a signature. If there is no BOM, the encoding could be anything. Where a text data stream is known to be plain Unicode text (but not which endian), then BOM can be used as a signature. If there is no BOM, the text should be interpreted as big-endian. Some byte oriented protocols expect ASCII characters at the beginning of a file. If UTF-8 is used with these protocols, use of the BOM as encoding form signature should be avoided. Where the precise type of the data stream is known (e.g. Unicode big-endian or Unicode little-endian), the BOM should not be used. In particular, whenever a data stream is declared to be UTF-16BE, UTF-16LE, UTF-32BE or UTF-32LE a BOM must not be used.

UTF-8 BOM是文本流开头的字节序列(0xEF, 0xBB, 0xBF)，它允许读者更可靠地猜测文件是否以UTF-8编码。

通常，BOM用于表示编码的字节顺序，但由于字节顺序与UTF-8无关，因此BOM是不必要的。

根据Unicode标准，不建议使用UTF-8文件的BOM:

2.6编码方案 ．.． 对于UTF-8，既不要求也不建议使用BOM，但在将UTF-8数据从使用BOM的其他编码形式转换或将BOM用作UTF-8签名的上下文中可能会遇到这种情况。有关更多信息，请参阅第16.8节特殊项中的“字节顺序标记”小节。