虽然没有公开的方法，但是在内部类System.Data.ProviderBase.FieldNameLookup中确实存在一个方法，这个方法是SqlDataReader所依赖的。

In order to access it and get native performance, you must use the ILGenerator to create a method at runtime. The following code will give you direct access to int IndexOf(string fieldName) in the System.Data.ProviderBase.FieldNameLookup class as well as perform the book keeping that SqlDataReader.GetOrdinal()does so that there is no side effect. The generated code mirrors the existing SqlDataReader.GetOrdinal() except that it calls FieldNameLookup.IndexOf() instead of FieldNameLookup.GetOrdinal(). The GetOrdinal() method calls to the IndexOf() function and throws an exception if -1 is returned, so we bypass that behavior.

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Reflection.Emit;

public static class SqlDataReaderExtensions {

   private delegate int IndexOfDelegate(SqlDataReader reader, string name);
   private static IndexOfDelegate IndexOf;

   public static int GetColumnIndex(this SqlDataReader reader, string name) {
      return name == null ? -1 : IndexOf(reader, name);
   }

   public static bool ContainsColumn(this SqlDataReader reader, string name) {
      return name != null && IndexOf(reader, name) >= 0;
   }

   static SqlDataReaderExtensions() {
      Type typeSqlDataReader = typeof(SqlDataReader);
      Type typeSqlStatistics = typeSqlDataReader.Assembly.GetType("System.Data.SqlClient.SqlStatistics", true);
      Type typeFieldNameLookup = typeSqlDataReader.Assembly.GetType("System.Data.ProviderBase.FieldNameLookup", true);

      BindingFlags staticflags = BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.IgnoreCase | BindingFlags.Static;
      BindingFlags instflags = BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.IgnoreCase | BindingFlags.Instance;

      DynamicMethod dynmethod = new DynamicMethod("SqlDataReader_IndexOf", typeof(int), new Type[2]{ typeSqlDataReader, typeof(string) }, true);
      ILGenerator gen = dynmethod.GetILGenerator();
      gen.DeclareLocal(typeSqlStatistics);
      gen.DeclareLocal(typeof(int));

      // SqlStatistics statistics = (SqlStatistics) null;
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldnull);
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Stloc_0);
      // try {
      gen.BeginExceptionBlock();
      //    statistics = SqlStatistics.StartTimer(this.Statistics);
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); //this
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Call, typeSqlDataReader.GetProperty("Statistics", instflags | BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, typeSqlStatistics, Type.EmptyTypes, null).GetMethod);
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Call, typeSqlStatistics.GetMethod("StartTimer", staticflags | BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, new Type[] { typeSqlStatistics }, null));
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Stloc_0); //statistics
      //    if(this._fieldNameLookup == null) {
      Label branchTarget = gen.DefineLabel();
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); //this
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, typeSqlDataReader.GetField("_fieldNameLookup", instflags | BindingFlags.GetField));
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Brtrue_S, branchTarget);
      //       this.CheckMetaDataIsReady();
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); //this
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Call, typeSqlDataReader.GetMethod("CheckMetaDataIsReady", instflags | BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, Type.EmptyTypes, null));
      //       this._fieldNameLookup = new FieldNameLookup((IDataRecord)this, this._defaultLCID);
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); //this
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); //this
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); //this
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, typeSqlDataReader.GetField("_defaultLCID", instflags | BindingFlags.GetField));
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Newobj, typeFieldNameLookup.GetConstructor(instflags, null, new Type[] { typeof(IDataReader), typeof(int) }, null));
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Stfld, typeSqlDataReader.GetField("_fieldNameLookup", instflags | BindingFlags.SetField));
      //    }
      gen.MarkLabel(branchTarget);
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); //this
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, typeSqlDataReader.GetField("_fieldNameLookup", instflags | BindingFlags.GetField));
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_1); //name
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Call, typeFieldNameLookup.GetMethod("IndexOf", instflags | BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, new Type[] { typeof(string) }, null));
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Stloc_1); //int output
      Label leaveProtectedRegion = gen.DefineLabel();
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Leave_S, leaveProtectedRegion);
      // } finally {
      gen.BeginFaultBlock();
      //    SqlStatistics.StopTimer(statistics);
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloc_0); //statistics
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Call, typeSqlStatistics.GetMethod("StopTimer", staticflags | BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, new Type[] { typeSqlStatistics }, null));
      // }
      gen.EndExceptionBlock();
      gen.MarkLabel(leaveProtectedRegion);
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloc_1);
      gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);

      IndexOf = (IndexOfDelegate)dynmethod.CreateDelegate(typeof(IndexOfDelegate));
   }

}

Use:

if(Enumerable.Range(0,reader.FieldCount).Select(reader.GetName).Contains("columName"))
{
     employee.EmployeeId= Utility.ConvertReaderToLong(reader["EmployeeId"]);
}

你可以从can You get the column names from a SqlDataReader获取更多详细信息。

public static class DataRecordExtensions
{
    public static bool HasColumn(this IDataRecord dr, string columnName)
    {
        for (int i=0; i < dr.FieldCount; i++)
        {
            if (dr.GetName(i).Equals(columnName, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
                return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
}

在控制逻辑中使用异常被认为是不好的做法，并且会带来性能损失。它还会将抛出的# exceptions错误消息发送给分析器，并帮助任何人设置调试器在抛出异常时中断。

GetSchemaTable()也是许多答案中的另一个建议。这不是检查字段是否存在的首选方法，因为它不是在所有版本中都实现的(它是抽象的，并且在dotnetcore的某些版本中抛出NotSupportedException)。GetSchemaTable在性能方面也是过度消耗的，因为如果您查看源代码，它是一个相当繁重的函数。

如果您经常使用循环遍历字段，则可能会对性能造成较小的影响，您可能需要考虑缓存结果。

正确的代码是:

public static bool HasColumn(DbDataReader Reader, string ColumnName) { 
    foreach (DataRow row in Reader.GetSchemaTable().Rows) { 
        if (row["ColumnName"].ToString() == ColumnName) 
            return true; 
    } //Still here? Column not found. 
    return false; 
}

整个问题的关键在这里:

if (-1 == index) {
    throw ADP.IndexOutOfRange(fieldName);
}

如果引用的三行(目前是第72、73和74行)被删除，那么您可以很容易地检查-1，以确定列是否不存在。

确保本机性能的唯一方法是使用基于反射的实现，如下所示:

Usings:

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web.Compilation; // I'm not sure what the .NET Core equivalent to BuildManager.cs

基于反射的扩展方法:

/// Gets the column ordinal, given the name of the column.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="reader"></param>
/// <param name="name">The name of the column.</param>
/// <returns> The zero-based column ordinal. -1 if the column does not exist.</returns>
public static int GetOrdinalSoft(this SqlDataReader reader, string name)
{
    try
    {
        // Note that "Statistics" will not be accounted for in this implemenation
        // If you have SqlConnection.StatisticsEnabled set to true (the default is false), you probably don't want to use this method
        // All of the following logic is inspired by the actual implementation of the framework:
        // https://referencesource.microsoft.com/#System.Data/fx/src/data/System/Data/SqlClient/SqlDataReader.cs,d66096b6f57cac74
        if (name == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("fieldName");

        Type sqlDataReaderType = typeof(SqlDataReader);
        object fieldNameLookup = sqlDataReaderType.GetField("_fieldNameLookup", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance).GetValue(reader);
        Type fieldNameLookupType;
        if (fieldNameLookup == null)
        {
            MethodInfo checkMetaDataIsReady = sqlDataReaderType.GetRuntimeMethods().First(x => x.Name == "CheckMetaDataIsReady" && x.GetParameters().Length == 0);
            checkMetaDataIsReady.Invoke(reader, null);
            fieldNameLookupType = BuildManager.GetType("System.Data.ProviderBase.FieldNameLookup", true, false);
            ConstructorInfo ctor = fieldNameLookupType.GetConstructor(new[] { typeof(SqlDataReader), typeof(int) });
            fieldNameLookup = ctor.Invoke(new object[] { reader, sqlDataReaderType.GetField("_defaultLCID", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance).GetValue(reader) });
        }
        else
            fieldNameLookupType = fieldNameLookup.GetType();

        MethodInfo indexOf = fieldNameLookupType.GetMethod("IndexOf", BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance, null, new Type[] { typeof(string) }, null);

        return (int)indexOf.Invoke(fieldNameLookup, new object[] { name });
    }
    catch
    {
        // .NET Implemenation might have changed, revert back to the classic solution.
        if (reader.FieldCount > 11) // Performance observation by b_levitt
        {
            try
            {
                return reader.GetOrdinal(name);
            }
            catch
            {
                return -1;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            var exists = Enumerable.Range(0, reader.FieldCount).Any(i => string.Equals(reader.GetName(i), name, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase));
            if (exists)
                return reader.GetOrdinal(name);
            else
                return -1;
        }
    }
}

如果你读了这个问题，Michael问的是DataReader，而不是DataRecord。让你的对象正确。

在数据记录上使用r.GetSchemaTable(). columns . contains (field)可以工作，但它返回BS列(见下面的截图)。

要查看一个数据列是否存在并且在DataReader中包含数据，使用以下扩展:

public static class DataReaderExtensions
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Checks if a column's value is DBNull
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="dataReader">The data reader</param>
    /// <param name="columnName">The column name</param>
    /// <returns>A bool indicating if the column's value is DBNull</returns>
    public static bool IsDBNull(this IDataReader dataReader, string columnName)
    {
        return dataReader[columnName] == DBNull.Value;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Checks if a column exists in a data reader
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="dataReader">The data reader</param>
    /// <param name="columnName">The column name</param>
    /// <returns>A bool indicating the column exists</returns>
    public static bool ContainsColumn(this IDataReader dataReader, string columnName)
    {
        /// See: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/373230/check-for-column-name-in-a-sqldatareader-object/7248381#7248381
        try
        {
            return dataReader.GetOrdinal(columnName) >= 0;
        }
        catch (IndexOutOfRangeException)
        {
            return false;
        }
    }
}

用法:

    public static bool CanCreate(SqlDataReader dataReader)
    {
        return dataReader.ContainsColumn("RoleTemplateId") 
            && !dataReader.IsDBNull("RoleTemplateId");
    }

调用r.GetSchemaTable()。DataReader上的Columns返回BS列: