基于biziclops的ES6实现很棒的答案:

root = { text: "root", children: [{ text: "c1", children: [{ text: "c11" }, { text: "c12" }] }, { text: "c2", children: [{ text: "c21" }, { text: "c22" }] }, ] } console.log("DFS:") DFS(root, node => node.children, node => console.log(node.text)); console.log("BFS:") BFS(root, node => node.children, node => console.log(node.text)); function BFS(root, getChildren, visit) { let nodesToVisit = [root]; while (nodesToVisit.length > 0) { const currentNode = nodesToVisit.shift(); nodesToVisit = [ ...nodesToVisit, ...(getChildren(currentNode) || []), ]; visit(currentNode); } } function DFS(root, getChildren, visit) { let nodesToVisit = [root]; while (nodesToVisit.length > 0) { const currentNode = nodesToVisit.shift(); nodesToVisit = [ ...(getChildren(currentNode) || []), ...nodesToVisit, ]; visit(currentNode); } }

使用Stack，以下是要遵循的步骤:

如果可能，访问一个相邻的未访问顶点，标记它， 然后把它推到堆栈上。 如果您不能遵循第1步，那么，如果可能的话，弹出一个顶点 堆栈。 如果你不能遵循第1步或第2步，你就完了。

下面是执行上述步骤的Java程序:

public void searchDepthFirst() {
    // begin at vertex 0
    vertexList[0].wasVisited = true;
    displayVertex(0);
    stack.push(0);
    while (!stack.isEmpty()) {
        int adjacentVertex = getAdjacentUnvisitedVertex(stack.peek());
        // if no such vertex
        if (adjacentVertex == -1) {
            stack.pop();
        } else {
            vertexList[adjacentVertex].wasVisited = true;
            // Do something
            stack.push(adjacentVertex);
        }
    }
    // stack is empty, so we're done, reset flags
    for (int j = 0; j < nVerts; j++)
            vertexList[j].wasVisited = false;
}

使用堆栈来跟踪节点

Stack<Node> s;

s.prepend(tree.head);

while(!s.empty) {
    Node n = s.poll_front // gets first node

    // do something with q?

    for each child of n: s.prepend(child)

}

PreOrderTraversal is same as DFS in binary tree. You can do the same recursion 
taking care of Stack as below.

    public void IterativePreOrder(Tree root)
            {
                if (root == null)
                    return;
                Stack s<Tree> = new Stack<Tree>();
                s.Push(root);
                while (s.Count != 0)
                {
                    Tree b = s.Pop();
                    Console.Write(b.Data + " ");
                    if (b.Right != null)
                        s.Push(b.Right);
                    if (b.Left != null)
                        s.Push(b.Left);

                }
            }

一般的逻辑是，将一个节点(从根开始)推入Stack, Pop()它和Print()值。然后，如果它有子节点(左和右)，将它们推入堆栈-先推右，这样你就会先访问左子节点(在访问节点本身之后)。当stack为空()时，您将访问Pre-Order中的所有节点。

DFS:

list nodes_to_visit = {root};
while( nodes_to_visit isn't empty ) {
  currentnode = nodes_to_visit.take_first();
  nodes_to_visit.prepend( currentnode.children );
  //do something
}

BFS:

list nodes_to_visit = {root};
while( nodes_to_visit isn't empty ) {
  currentnode = nodes_to_visit.take_first();
  nodes_to_visit.append( currentnode.children );
  //do something
}

两者的对称相当酷。

更新:如前所述，take_first()删除并返回列表中的第一个元素。

基于biziclops的ES6实现很棒的答案:

root = { text: "root", children: [{ text: "c1", children: [{ text: "c11" }, { text: "c12" }] }, { text: "c2", children: [{ text: "c21" }, { text: "c22" }] }, ] } console.log("DFS:") DFS(root, node => node.children, node => console.log(node.text)); console.log("BFS:") BFS(root, node => node.children, node => console.log(node.text)); function BFS(root, getChildren, visit) { let nodesToVisit = [root]; while (nodesToVisit.length > 0) { const currentNode = nodesToVisit.shift(); nodesToVisit = [ ...nodesToVisit, ...(getChildren(currentNode) || []), ]; visit(currentNode); } } function DFS(root, getChildren, visit) { let nodesToVisit = [root]; while (nodesToVisit.length > 0) { const currentNode = nodesToVisit.shift(); nodesToVisit = [ ...(getChildren(currentNode) || []), ...nodesToVisit, ]; visit(currentNode); } }