Random random = new Random();
int max = 10;
int min = 3;
int randomNum = random.nextInt(max) % (max - min + 1) + min;

public static Random RANDOM = new Random(System.nanoTime());

public static final float random(final float pMin, final float pMax) {
    return pMin + RANDOM.nextFloat() * (pMax - pMin);
}

使用nexttint（n）方法为最小值和最大值的差值生成一个随机数，然后将最小值添加到结果中：

Random rn = new Random();
int result = rn.nextInt(max - min + 1) + min;
System.out.println(result);

下面是一个函数，它按照用户42155的请求，在lowerBoundIncluded和upperBoundIncluded定义的范围内返回一个整数随机数

SplitableRandom splitableRandom=新的Splitablerandom（）；

BiFunction<Integer,Integer,Integer> randomInt = (lowerBoundIncluded, upperBoundIncluded)
    -> splittableRandom.nextInt(lowerBoundIncluded, upperBoundIncluded + 1);

randomInt.apply（…，…）；//获取随机数

…或更短，用于一次性生成随机数

new SplittableRandom().nextInt(lowerBoundIncluded, upperBoundIncluded + 1);

在Java 1.7或更高版本中，执行此操作的标准方法如下：

import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;

// nextInt is normally exclusive of the top value,
// so add 1 to make it inclusive
int randomNum = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(min, max + 1);

请参阅相关的JavaDoc。这种方法的优点是不需要显式初始化java.util.Random实例，如果使用不当，可能会导致混淆和错误。

然而，相反，没有办法明确设置种子，因此在测试或保存游戏状态等有用的情况下，很难再现结果。在这些情况下，可以使用下面所示的Java 1.7之前的技术。

在Java 1.7之前，执行此操作的标准方法如下：

import java.util.Random;

/**
 * Returns a pseudo-random number between min and max, inclusive.
 * The difference between min and max can be at most
 * <code>Integer.MAX_VALUE - 1</code>.
 *
 * @param min Minimum value
 * @param max Maximum value.  Must be greater than min.
 * @return Integer between min and max, inclusive.
 * @see java.util.Random#nextInt(int)
 */
public static int randInt(int min, int max) {

    // NOTE: This will (intentionally) not run as written so that folks
    // copy-pasting have to think about how to initialize their
    // Random instance.  Initialization of the Random instance is outside
    // the main scope of the question, but some decent options are to have
    // a field that is initialized once and then re-used as needed or to
    // use ThreadLocalRandom (if using at least Java 1.7).
    // 
    // In particular, do NOT do 'Random rand = new Random()' here or you
    // will get not very good / not very random results.
    Random rand;

    // nextInt is normally exclusive of the top value,
    // so add 1 to make it inclusive
    int randomNum = rand.nextInt((max - min) + 1) + min;

    return randomNum;
}

请参阅相关的JavaDoc。实际上，java.util.Random类通常比java.lang.Math.Random（）更好。

特别是，当标准库中有一个简单的API来完成任务时，无需重新发明随机整数生成轮。

Java 17引入了RandomGenerator接口，它提供了一个int nextInt（int origin，int bound）方法来获取范围内的随机整数：

// Returns a random int between minimum (inclusive) & maximum (exclusive)
int randomInt = RandomGenerator.getDefault().nextInt(minimum, maximum);

除了用于Java17中添加的新的随机生成算法之外，该接口还添加到现有的随机生成类（random、SecureRandom、SplitableRandom和ThreadLocalRandom）中。因此，从Java 17开始，这些类具有以下有界nextInt方法：

new Random().nextInt(minimum, maximum);
new SecureRandom().nextInt(minimum, maximum);
new SplittableRandom().nextInt(minimum, maximum);
new ThreadLocalRandom().nextInt(minimum, maximum);

从Java17开始，这种方法是Random和SecureRandom的新方法。在Java17之前，ThreadLocalRandom和SplitableRandom已经有了这个方法，尽管它不是由共享接口指定的。