如何在特定范围内生成随机int值？
以下方法存在与整数溢出相关的错误：
randomNum = minimum + (int)(Math.random() * maximum);
// Bug: `randomNum` can be bigger than `maximum`.
Random rn = new Random();
int n = maximum - minimum + 1;
int i = rn.nextInt() % n;
randomNum = minimum + i;
// Bug: `randomNum` can be smaller than `minimum`.
当前回答
public static Random RANDOM = new Random(System.nanoTime());
public static final float random(final float pMin, final float pMax) {
return pMin + RANDOM.nextFloat() * (pMax - pMin);
}
其他回答
你可以使用
RandomStringUtils.randomNumeric(int count)
该方法也来自Apache Commons。
以前的大多数建议都不考虑“溢出”。例如：min=整数.min_VALUE，max=100。到目前为止，我采用的正确方法之一是：
final long mod = max- min + 1L;
final int next = (int) (Math.abs(rand.nextLong() % mod) + min);
我发现这个例子生成随机数：
此示例生成特定范围内的随机整数。
import java.util.Random;
/** Generate random integers in a certain range. */
public final class RandomRange {
public static final void main(String... aArgs){
log("Generating random integers in the range 1..10.");
int START = 1;
int END = 10;
Random random = new Random();
for (int idx = 1; idx <= 10; ++idx){
showRandomInteger(START, END, random);
}
log("Done.");
}
private static void showRandomInteger(int aStart, int aEnd, Random aRandom){
if ( aStart > aEnd ) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Start cannot exceed End.");
}
//get the range, casting to long to avoid overflow problems
long range = (long)aEnd - (long)aStart + 1;
// compute a fraction of the range, 0 <= frac < range
long fraction = (long)(range * aRandom.nextDouble());
int randomNumber = (int)(fraction + aStart);
log("Generated : " + randomNumber);
}
private static void log(String aMessage){
System.out.println(aMessage);
}
}
此类的示例运行：
Generating random integers in the range 1..10.
Generated : 9
Generated : 3
Generated : 3
Generated : 9
Generated : 4
Generated : 1
Generated : 3
Generated : 9
Generated : 10
Generated : 10
Done.
这里有一个有用的类，可以在包含/排除边界的任意组合范围内生成随机整数：
import java.util.Random;
public class RandomRange extends Random {
public int nextIncInc(int min, int max) {
return nextInt(max - min + 1) + min;
}
public int nextExcInc(int min, int max) {
return nextInt(max - min) + 1 + min;
}
public int nextExcExc(int min, int max) {
return nextInt(max - min - 1) + 1 + min;
}
public int nextIncExc(int min, int max) {
return nextInt(max - min) + min;
}
}
import java.util.Random;
public class RandomUtil {
// Declare as class variable so that it is not re-seeded every call
private static Random random = new Random();
/**
* Returns a psuedo-random number between min and max (both inclusive)
* @param min Minimim value
* @param max Maximim value. Must be greater than min.
* @return Integer between min and max (both inclusive)
* @see java.util.Random#nextInt(int)
*/
public static int nextInt(int min, int max) {
// nextInt is normally exclusive of the top value,
// so add 1 to make it inclusive
return random.nextInt((max - min) + 1) + min;
}
}
