定义意味着实际编写的函数，声明意味着简单的声明函数 如。

void  myfunction(); //this is simple declaration

and

void myfunction()
{
 some statement;    
}

这是函数myfunction的定义

c++中有一些有趣的边缘情况(在C中也有一些)。考虑

T t;

它可以是一个定义，也可以是一个声明，取决于T是什么类型:

typedef void T();
T t; // declaration of function "t"

struct X { 
  T t; // declaration of function "t".
};

typedef int T;
T t; // definition of object "t".

在c++中，当使用模板时，还有另一种边缘情况。

template <typename T>
struct X { 
  static int member; // declaration
};

template<typename T>
int X<T>::member; // definition

template<>
int X<bool>::member; // declaration!

最后一个声明不是定义。它声明了X<bool>的静态成员的显式特化。它告诉编译器:“如果要实例化X<bool>::member，那么不要从主模板实例化成员的定义，而是使用在其他地方找到的定义”。要使其成为定义，必须提供初始化式

template<>
int X<bool>::member = 1; // definition, belongs into a .cpp file.

当您使用extern存储类时，声明和定义的概念将形成一个陷阱，因为您的定义将位于其他位置，而您是在本地代码文件(页面)中声明变量。C和c++之间的一个区别是，在C中，声明通常在函数或代码页的开头完成。在c++中不是这样的。你可以在你选择的地方申报。

声明意味着给变量命名和类型(在变量声明的情况下)，例如:

int i;

或者将名称、返回类型和参数类型赋给一个没有函数体的函数(在函数声明的情况下)，例如:

int max(int, int);

而定义意味着给变量赋值(在变量定义的情况下)，例如:

i = 20;

或者为函数提供/添加函数体(功能)被称为函数定义，例如:

int max(int a, int b)
{
   if(a>b)   return a;
   return b;  
}

许多时间声明和定义可以一起完成:

int i=20;

and:

int max(int a, int b)
{
    if(a>b)   return a;
    return b;    
} 

在上述情况下，我们定义并声明变量i和函数max()。

《K&R》(第二版)中有一些非常明确的定义;这有助于把它们放在一个地方，并作为一个整体来阅读:

"Definition" refers to the place where the variable is created or assigned storage; "declaration" refers to the places where the nature of the variable is stated but no storage is allocated. [p. 33] ... It is important to distinguish between the declaration of an external variable and its definition. A declaration announces the properties of a variable (primarily its type); a definition also causes storage to be set aside. If the lines int sp; double val[MAXVAL] appear outside of any function, they define the external variables sp and val, cause storage to be set aside, and also serve as the declaration for the rest of that source file. On the other hand, the lines extern int sp; extern double val[]; declare for the rest of the source file that sp is an int and that val is a double array (whose size is determined elsewhere), but they do not create the variables or reserve storage for them. There must be only one definition of an external variable among all the files that make up the source program. ... Array sizes must be specified with the definition, but are optional with an extern declaration. [pp. 80-81] ... Declarations specify the interpretation given to each identifier; they do not necessarily reserve storage associated with the identifier. Declarations that reserve storage are called definitions. [p. 210]

声明:“在某处，存在一个foo。”

定义:“…就是这儿!”