对于LINQ -> SQL:

SingleOrDefault

将生成查询，如“select TOP 2 * from users where userid = 1” 选择匹配的记录，如果发现多个记录则抛出异常 如果基于主键/唯一键列获取数据，则使用

FirstOrDefault

将生成类似于“select userid = 1的用户中的top 1 *”的查询 选择第一个匹配的行 如果基于非主键/唯一键列获取数据，则使用

SingleOrDefault:您的意思是“最多”有一个项与查询或默认值匹配 FirstOrDefault:您的意思是有“至少”一项与查询或默认值匹配

下次你需要选择的时候大声说出来，你可能会做出明智的选择。：）

In my opinion FirstOrDefault is being overused a lot. In the majority of the cases when you’re filtering data you would either expect to get back a collection of elements matching the logical condition or a single unique element by its unique identifier – such as a user, book, post etc... That’s why we can even get as far as saying that FirstOrDefault() is a code smell not because there is something wrong with it but because it’s being used way too often. This blog post explores the topic in details. IMO most of the times SingleOrDefault() is a much better alternative so watch out for this mistake and make sure you use the most appropriate method that clearly represents your contract and expectations.

我查询了谷歌在GitHub上不同方法的使用情况。这是通过对每个方法运行谷歌搜索查询，并通过使用查询“site:github.com file:cs…”来限制查询到github.com域和.cs文件扩展名。

似乎第一个*方法比单一*方法更常用。

| Method               | Results |
|----------------------|---------|
| FirstAsync           |     315 |
| SingleAsync          |     166 |
| FirstOrDefaultAsync  |     357 |
| SingleOrDefaultAsync |     237 |
| FirstOrDefault       |   17400 |
| SingleOrDefault      |    2950 |

在上一个例子中:

var latestCust = db.Customers
.OrderByDescending(x=> x.CreatedOn)
.FirstOrDefault();//Single or First, or doesn't matter?

是的。如果您尝试使用SingleOrDefault()并且查询结果超过记录，您将得到一个异常。你唯一可以安全使用SingleOrDefault()的时候是当你只期望1和只有1个结果…

没有人提到SQL中转换的FirstOrDefault执行TOP 1记录，而SingleOrDefault执行TOP 2记录，因为它需要知道是否有多个记录。