In my opinion FirstOrDefault is being overused a lot. In the majority of the cases when you’re filtering data you would either expect to get back a collection of elements matching the logical condition or a single unique element by its unique identifier – such as a user, book, post etc... That’s why we can even get as far as saying that FirstOrDefault() is a code smell not because there is something wrong with it but because it’s being used way too often. This blog post explores the topic in details. IMO most of the times SingleOrDefault() is a much better alternative so watch out for this mistake and make sure you use the most appropriate method that clearly represents your contract and expectations.

两者都是元素操作符，用于从序列中选择单个元素。但是它们之间有一个微小的区别。SingleOrDefault()操作符将在多个元素满足条件时抛出异常，而as FirstOrDefault()将不会对相同元素抛出任何异常。下面是一个例子。

List<int> items = new List<int>() {9,10,9};
//Returns the first element of a sequence after satisfied the condition more than one elements
int result1 = items.Where(item => item == 9).FirstOrDefault();
//Throw the exception after satisfied the condition more than one elements
int result3 = items.Where(item => item == 9).SingleOrDefault();

我不明白为什么你要使用FirstOrDefault(x=> x.ID == key)，当你使用Find(key)可以更快地检索结果时。如果使用表的Primary键进行查询，经验法则是始终使用Find(key)。FirstOrDefault应该用于谓词，如(x=> x. username == username)等。

这个问题的标题并不专门针对DB上的linq或linq到List/IEnumerable等，所以不应该被否决。

In my opinion FirstOrDefault is being overused a lot. In the majority of the cases when you’re filtering data you would either expect to get back a collection of elements matching the logical condition or a single unique element by its unique identifier – such as a user, book, post etc... That’s why we can even get as far as saying that FirstOrDefault() is a code smell not because there is something wrong with it but because it’s being used way too often. This blog post explores the topic in details. IMO most of the times SingleOrDefault() is a much better alternative so watch out for this mistake and make sure you use the most appropriate method that clearly represents your contract and expectations.

我使用SingleOrDefault的情况下，我的逻辑将是零或一个结果。如果有更多，这是一个错误的情况，这是有帮助的。

在你的情况下，我会使用以下方法:

select by ID==5:在这里使用SingleOrDefault是可以的，因为你希望有一个[或没有]实体，如果你有多个ID为5的实体，那就有问题了，肯定值得异常处理。

当搜索名字等于“Bobby”的人时，可能会有不止一个(我认为很有可能)，所以你既不应该使用Single也不应该使用first，只需使用where操作选择(如果“Bobby”返回太多实体，用户必须优化他的搜索或选择返回的结果之一)

按创建日期的顺序也应该执行一个where操作(不太可能只有一个实体，排序不会有太大的用处;)这意味着你想要所有的实体排序-如果你想要一个，使用FirstOrDefault, Single会抛出每次如果你有多个实体。