有点晚了，但我在keybindings.json中配置了我的如下:

{
    "key": "ctrl+`",
    "command": "workbench.action.terminal.focus",
    "when": "editorTextFocus"
},
{
    "key": "ctrl+`",
    "command": "workbench.action.focusActiveEditorGroup",
    "when": "terminalFocus"
},
{
    "key": "alt+`",
    "command": "workbench.action.terminal.toggleTerminal"
}

我想要单独的键来打开/关闭终端和在窗口之间来回切换焦点。

为了在ctrl+ '组合之间进行切换，我尝试了所有列出的答案，但运气不好。对于那些像我一样有类似问题的人，尝试以下键绑定中的快捷方式。在VSCode 1.59+上测试

[
{
    "key": "ctrl+oem_8","command": "workbench.action.terminal.focus", "when": "!terminalFocus"
},
{
    "key": "ctrl+oem_8","command": "workbench.action.focusActiveEditorGroup", "when": "terminalFocus"
}
]

有点晚了，但我在keybindings.json中配置了我的如下:

{
    "key": "ctrl+`",
    "command": "workbench.action.terminal.focus",
    "when": "editorTextFocus"
},
{
    "key": "ctrl+`",
    "command": "workbench.action.focusActiveEditorGroup",
    "when": "terminalFocus"
},
{
    "key": "alt+`",
    "command": "workbench.action.terminal.toggleTerminal"
}

我想要单独的键来打开/关闭终端和在窗口之间来回切换焦点。

这不是确切的问题，但我发现它非常有用和相关。

如果有人想从一个终端切换到另一个终端，也可以在Visual Studio的集成终端面板中打开，您可以搜索:

终端:关注下一个终端

或者添加以下快捷键，用键盘组合更快。

  {
    "key": "alt+cmd+right",
    "command": "workbench.action.terminal.focusNext",
    "when": "terminalFocus"
  },
  {
    "key": "alt+cmd+left",
    "command": "workbench.action.terminal.focusPrevious",
    "when": "terminalFocus"
  },

下面是我的方法，它提供了在活动终端之间导航的一致方式，以及在终端和编辑器窗格之间跳转而无需关闭终端视图。您可以尝试将此添加到您的键绑定。我建议你使用键盘绑定UI (Mac上的cmd+K cmd+S)，这样你就可以检查/管理冲突等。

这样，我可以使用ctrl+x <箭头方向>导航到任何可见的编辑器或终端。一旦光标在终端部分，您可以使用ctrl+x ctrl+up或ctrl+x ctrl+down在活动终端中循环。

cmd-J仍然用于隐藏/显示终端窗格。

    {
        "key": "ctrl+x right",
        "command": "workbench.action.terminal.focusNextPane",
        "when": "terminalFocus"
    },
    {
        "key": "ctrl+x left",
        "command": "workbench.action.terminal.focusPreviousPane",
        "when": "terminalFocus"
    },
    {
        "key": "ctrl+x ctrl+down",
        "command": "workbench.action.terminal.focusNext",
        "when": "terminalFocus"
    },
    {
        "key": "ctrl+x ctrl+up",
        "command": "workbench.action.terminal.focusPrevious",
        "when": "terminalFocus"
    },
    {
        "key": "ctrl+x up",
        "command": "workbench.action.navigateUp"
    },
    {
        "key": "ctrl+x down",
        "command": "workbench.action.navigateDown"
    },
    {
        "key": "ctrl+x left",
        "command": "workbench.action.navigateLeft",
        "when": "!terminalFocus"
    },
    {
        "key": "ctrl+x right",
        "command": "workbench.action.navigateRight",
        "when": "!terminalFocus"
    },

我的1.56 VS Code的工作原理是:

Ctrl + ~     to focus on terminal window from editor
Ctrl + 9     to focus back on editor from terminal