当浏览器窗口调整大小时,如何让React重新渲染视图?

背景

我有一些块,我想在页面上单独布局,但我也希望他们更新时,浏览器窗口的变化。最终的结果将是像Ben Holland的Pinterest布局,但使用React而不仅仅是jQuery。我还有一段路要走。

Code

这是我的应用程序:

var MyApp = React.createClass({
  //does the http get from the server
  loadBlocksFromServer: function() {
    $.ajax({
      url: this.props.url,
      dataType: 'json',
      mimeType: 'textPlain',
      success: function(data) {
        this.setState({data: data.events});
      }.bind(this)
    });
  },
  getInitialState: function() {
    return {data: []};
  },
  componentWillMount: function() {
    this.loadBlocksFromServer();

  },    
  render: function() {
    return (
        <div>
      <Blocks data={this.state.data}/>
      </div>
    );
  }
});

React.renderComponent(
  <MyApp url="url_here"/>,
  document.getElementById('view')
)

然后我有Block组件(相当于上面Pinterest例子中的Pin):

var Block = React.createClass({
  render: function() {
    return (
        <div class="dp-block" style={{left: this.props.top, top: this.props.left}}>
        <h2>{this.props.title}</h2>
        <p>{this.props.children}</p>
        </div>
    );
  }
});

和block的列表/集合:

var Blocks = React.createClass({

  render: function() {

    //I've temporarily got code that assigns a random position
    //See inside the function below...

    var blockNodes = this.props.data.map(function (block) {   
      //temporary random position
      var topOffset = Math.random() * $(window).width() + 'px'; 
      var leftOffset = Math.random() * $(window).height() + 'px'; 
      return <Block order={block.id} title={block.summary} left={leftOffset} top={topOffset}>{block.description}</Block>;
    });

    return (
        <div>{blockNodes}</div>
    );
  }
});

问题

我应该添加jQuery的窗口大小调整?如果有,在哪里?

$( window ).resize(function() {
  // re-render the component
});

有没有更“React”的方式来做到这一点?


当前回答

试试这个:

resize = () => this.forceUpdate()

componentDidMount() {
  window.addEventListener('resize', this.resize)
}

componentWillUnmount() {
  window.removeEventListener('resize', this.resize)
}

其他回答

只是为了改进@senornestor使用forceUpdate的解决方案和@gkri在组件卸载时删除resize事件监听器的解决方案:

不要忘记抑制(或撤消)调整大小的要求 确保在构造函数中绑定(this)

import React from 'react'
import { throttle } from 'lodash'

class Foo extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props)
    this.resize = throttle(this.resize.bind(this), 100)
  }

  resize = () => this.forceUpdate()

  componentDidMount() {
    window.addEventListener('resize', this.resize)
  }

  componentWillUnmount() {
    window.removeEventListener('resize', this.resize)
  }

  render() {
    return (
      <div>{window.innerWidth} x {window.innerHeight}</div>
    )
  }
}

另一种方法是使用一个“dummy”状态来代替forceUpdate:

import React from 'react'
import { throttle } from 'lodash'

class Foo extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props)
    this.state = { foo: 1 }
    this.resize = throttle(this.resize.bind(this), 100)
  }

  resize = () => this.setState({ foo: 1 })

  componentDidMount() {
    window.addEventListener('resize', this.resize)
  }

  componentWillUnmount() {
    window.removeEventListener('resize', this.resize)
  }

  render() {
    return (
      <div>{window.innerWidth} x {window.innerHeight}</div>
    )
  }
}

使用React钩子:

你可以定义一个自定义钩子来监听窗口大小调整事件,就像这样:

import React, { useLayoutEffect, useState } from 'react';

function useWindowSize() {
  const [size, setSize] = useState([0, 0]);
  useLayoutEffect(() => {
    function updateSize() {
      setSize([window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight]);
    }
    window.addEventListener('resize', updateSize);
    updateSize();
    return () => window.removeEventListener('resize', updateSize);
  }, []);
  return size;
}

function ShowWindowDimensions(props) {
  const [width, height] = useWindowSize();
  return <span>Window size: {width} x {height}</span>;
}

这里的优点是逻辑是封装的,您可以在任何想要使用窗口大小的地方使用这个Hook。

使用React类:

你可以在componentDidMount中监听,类似于这个组件,它只显示窗口尺寸(如<span>窗口大小:1024 x 768</span>):

import React from 'react';

class ShowWindowDimensions extends React.Component {
  state = { width: 0, height: 0 };
  render() {
    return <span>Window size: {this.state.width} x {this.state.height}</span>;
  }
  updateDimensions = () => {
    this.setState({ width: window.innerWidth, height: window.innerHeight });
  };
  componentDidMount() {
    window.addEventListener('resize', this.updateDimensions);
  }
  componentWillUnmount() {
    window.removeEventListener('resize', this.updateDimensions);
  }
}

2020年更新。对于认真关注性能的React开发人员。

上述解决方案确实有效,但只要窗口大小改变一个像素,就会重新渲染组件。

这通常会导致性能问题,所以我写了useWindowDimension钩子,在短时间内反弹调整大小事件。如100毫秒

import React, { useState, useEffect } from 'react';

export function useWindowDimension() {
  const [dimension, setDimension] = useState([
    window.innerWidth,
    window.innerHeight,
  ]);
  useEffect(() => {
    const debouncedResizeHandler = debounce(() => {
      console.log('***** debounced resize'); // See the cool difference in console
      setDimension([window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight]);
    }, 100); // 100ms
    window.addEventListener('resize', debouncedResizeHandler);
    return () => window.removeEventListener('resize', debouncedResizeHandler);
  }, []); // Note this empty array. this effect should run only on mount and unmount
  return dimension;
}

function debounce(fn, ms) {
  let timer;
  return _ => {
    clearTimeout(timer);
    timer = setTimeout(_ => {
      timer = null;
      fn.apply(this, arguments);
    }, ms);
  };
}

像这样使用它。

function YourComponent() {
  const [width, height] = useWindowDimension();
  return <>Window width: {width}, Window height: {height}</>;
}

import React, {useState} from 'react'; type EventListener = () => void let eventListener: EventListener | undefined; function setEventListener(updateSize: (size: number[]) => void){ if(eventListener){ window.removeEventListener('resize',eventListener); } eventListener = () => updateSize([window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight]); return eventListener as EventListener; } function setResizer(updateSize: (size: number[]) => void) { window.addEventListener( 'resize', setEventListener(updateSize) ); } function useWindowSizeTableColumns() { const [size, setSize] = useState([ window.innerWidth || 0, window.innerHeight || 0 ]); setResizer(updateSize); return size; function updateSize(s: number[]) { if(size.some((v, i) => v !== s[i])){ setSize(s); } } } export default useWindowSize;

这段代码使用了新的React上下文API:

  import React, { PureComponent, createContext } from 'react';

  const { Provider, Consumer } = createContext({ width: 0, height: 0 });

  class WindowProvider extends PureComponent {
    state = this.getDimensions();

    componentDidMount() {
      window.addEventListener('resize', this.updateDimensions);
    }

    componentWillUnmount() {
      window.removeEventListener('resize', this.updateDimensions);
    }

    getDimensions() {
      const w = window;
      const d = document;
      const documentElement = d.documentElement;
      const body = d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0];
      const width = w.innerWidth || documentElement.clientWidth || body.clientWidth;
      const height = w.innerHeight || documentElement.clientHeight || body.clientHeight;

      return { width, height };
    }

    updateDimensions = () => {
      this.setState(this.getDimensions());
    };

    render() {
      return <Provider value={this.state}>{this.props.children}</Provider>;
    }
  }

然后你可以在你的代码中使用它,像这样:

<WindowConsumer>
  {({ width, height }) =>  //do what you want}
</WindowConsumer>