当浏览器窗口调整大小时,如何让React重新渲染视图?

背景

我有一些块,我想在页面上单独布局,但我也希望他们更新时,浏览器窗口的变化。最终的结果将是像Ben Holland的Pinterest布局,但使用React而不仅仅是jQuery。我还有一段路要走。

Code

这是我的应用程序:

var MyApp = React.createClass({
  //does the http get from the server
  loadBlocksFromServer: function() {
    $.ajax({
      url: this.props.url,
      dataType: 'json',
      mimeType: 'textPlain',
      success: function(data) {
        this.setState({data: data.events});
      }.bind(this)
    });
  },
  getInitialState: function() {
    return {data: []};
  },
  componentWillMount: function() {
    this.loadBlocksFromServer();

  },    
  render: function() {
    return (
        <div>
      <Blocks data={this.state.data}/>
      </div>
    );
  }
});

React.renderComponent(
  <MyApp url="url_here"/>,
  document.getElementById('view')
)

然后我有Block组件(相当于上面Pinterest例子中的Pin):

var Block = React.createClass({
  render: function() {
    return (
        <div class="dp-block" style={{left: this.props.top, top: this.props.left}}>
        <h2>{this.props.title}</h2>
        <p>{this.props.children}</p>
        </div>
    );
  }
});

和block的列表/集合:

var Blocks = React.createClass({

  render: function() {

    //I've temporarily got code that assigns a random position
    //See inside the function below...

    var blockNodes = this.props.data.map(function (block) {   
      //temporary random position
      var topOffset = Math.random() * $(window).width() + 'px'; 
      var leftOffset = Math.random() * $(window).height() + 'px'; 
      return <Block order={block.id} title={block.summary} left={leftOffset} top={topOffset}>{block.description}</Block>;
    });

    return (
        <div>{blockNodes}</div>
    );
  }
});

问题

我应该添加jQuery的窗口大小调整?如果有,在哪里?

$( window ).resize(function() {
  // re-render the component
});

有没有更“React”的方式来做到这一点?


当前回答

不确定这是否是最好的方法,但对我来说有效的方法是首先创建一个商店,我称之为WindowStore:

import {assign, events} from '../../libs';
import Dispatcher from '../dispatcher';
import Constants from '../constants';

let CHANGE_EVENT = 'change';
let defaults = () => {
    return {
        name: 'window',
        width: undefined,
        height: undefined,
        bps: {
            1: 400,
            2: 600,
            3: 800,
            4: 1000,
            5: 1200,
            6: 1400
        }
    };
};
let save = function(object, key, value) {
    // Save within storage
    if(object) {
        object[key] = value;
    }

    // Persist to local storage
    sessionStorage[storage.name] = JSON.stringify(storage);
};
let storage;

let Store = assign({}, events.EventEmitter.prototype, {
    addChangeListener: function(callback) {
        this.on(CHANGE_EVENT, callback);
        window.addEventListener('resize', () => {
            this.updateDimensions();
            this.emitChange();
        });
    },
    emitChange: function() {
        this.emit(CHANGE_EVENT);
    },
    get: function(keys) {
        let value = storage;

        for(let key in keys) {
            value = value[keys[key]];
        }

        return value;
    },
    initialize: function() {
        // Set defaults
        storage = defaults();
        save();
        this.updateDimensions();
    },
    removeChangeListener: function(callback) {
        this.removeListener(CHANGE_EVENT, callback);
        window.removeEventListener('resize', () => {
            this.updateDimensions();
            this.emitChange();
        });
    },
    updateDimensions: function() {
        storage.width =
            window.innerWidth ||
            document.documentElement.clientWidth ||
            document.body.clientWidth;
        storage.height =
            window.innerHeight ||
            document.documentElement.clientHeight ||
            document.body.clientHeight;
        save();
    }
});

export default Store;

然后我在我的组件中使用这个存储,就像这样:

import WindowStore from '../stores/window';

let getState = () => {
    return {
        windowWidth: WindowStore.get(['width']),
        windowBps: WindowStore.get(['bps'])
    };
};

export default React.createClass(assign({}, base, {
    getInitialState: function() {
        WindowStore.initialize();

        return getState();
    },
    componentDidMount: function() {
        WindowStore.addChangeListener(this._onChange);
    },
    componentWillUnmount: function() {
        WindowStore.removeChangeListener(this._onChange);
    },
    render: function() {
        if(this.state.windowWidth < this.state.windowBps[2] - 1) {
            // do something
        }

        // return
        return something;
    },
    _onChange: function() {
        this.setState(getState());
    }
}));

供你参考,这些文件被部分删减了。

其他回答

这段代码使用了新的React上下文API:

  import React, { PureComponent, createContext } from 'react';

  const { Provider, Consumer } = createContext({ width: 0, height: 0 });

  class WindowProvider extends PureComponent {
    state = this.getDimensions();

    componentDidMount() {
      window.addEventListener('resize', this.updateDimensions);
    }

    componentWillUnmount() {
      window.removeEventListener('resize', this.updateDimensions);
    }

    getDimensions() {
      const w = window;
      const d = document;
      const documentElement = d.documentElement;
      const body = d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0];
      const width = w.innerWidth || documentElement.clientWidth || body.clientWidth;
      const height = w.innerHeight || documentElement.clientHeight || body.clientHeight;

      return { width, height };
    }

    updateDimensions = () => {
      this.setState(this.getDimensions());
    };

    render() {
      return <Provider value={this.state}>{this.props.children}</Provider>;
    }
  }

然后你可以在你的代码中使用它,像这样:

<WindowConsumer>
  {({ width, height }) =>  //do what you want}
</WindowConsumer>

这是一个不使用jQuery使用es6的简单而简短的例子。

import React, { Component } from 'react';

export default class CreateContact extends Component {
  state = {
    windowHeight: undefined,
    windowWidth: undefined
  }

  handleResize = () => this.setState({
    windowHeight: window.innerHeight,
    windowWidth: window.innerWidth
  });

  componentDidMount() {
    this.handleResize();
    window.addEventListener('resize', this.handleResize)
  }

  componentWillUnmount() {
    window.removeEventListener('resize', this.handleResize)
  }

  render() {
    return (
      <span>
        {this.state.windowWidth} x {this.state.windowHeight}
      </span>
    );
  }
}

钩子

import React, { useEffect, useState } from "react";

let App = () => {
  const [windowWidth, setWindowWidth] = useState(0);
  const [windowHeight, setWindowHeight] = useState(0);
  let resizeWindow = () => {
    setWindowWidth(window.innerWidth);
    setWindowHeight(window.innerHeight);
  };

  useEffect(() => {
    resizeWindow();
    window.addEventListener("resize", resizeWindow);
    return () => window.removeEventListener("resize", resizeWindow);
  }, []);

  return (
    <div>
      <span>
        {windowWidth} x {windowHeight}
      </span>
    </div>
  );
};

对于那些寻求Typescript支持的人,我根据@Lead Developer的回答写了下面的钩子:

import { useState, useEffect } from 'react';


export const debounce = <A extends unknown[]>(callback: (...args: A) => unknown, msDelay: number) => {
    let timer: NodeJS.Timeout | undefined;

    return (...args: A) => {
        clearTimeout(timer);

        timer = setTimeout(() => {
            timer = undefined;
            callback(...args);
        }, msDelay);
    };
};

export const useWindowDimension = (msDelay = 100) => {
    const [dimension, setDimension] = useState({
        width: window.innerWidth,
        height: window.innerHeight,
    });

    useEffect(() => {
        const resizeHandler = () => {
            setDimension({
                width: window.innerWidth,
                height: window.innerHeight
            });
        };

        const handler = msDelay <= 0 ? resizeHandler : debounce(resizeHandler, msDelay);

        window.addEventListener('resize', handler);

        return () => window.removeEventListener('resize', handler);
    }, []);

    return dimension;
};

export type Dimension = ReturnType<typeof useWindowDimension>;

很明显,它的好处是Typescript支持,还有一个选项可以控制延迟时间(以毫秒为单位),默认为100ms。如果延迟时间为0或更少,它将不会反弹处理程序。 另一个区别是钩子返回一个Dimension类型的对象,即:

type Dimension = {
    width: number;
    height: number;
}

这样,每个人都清楚钩子实际返回的是什么。

这个厨房里有很多厨师,但不管怎样我都要把我的帽子扔进去。这些都没有使用requestAnimationFrame,我认为这是性能最好的。

下面是一个使用React钩子和requestAnimationFrame的例子。这也使用纯js,没有任何库,如lodash(由于捆绑包的大小,我尽量避免使用)。

import { useState, useEffect, useCallback } from 'react';

const getSize = () => {
  return { 
    width: window.innerWidth,
    height: window.innerHeight,
  };
};
 
export function useResize() {
 
  const [size, setSize] = useState(getSize());
 
  const handleResize = useCallback(() => {
    let ticking = false;
    if (!ticking) {
      window.requestAnimationFrame(() => {
        setSize(getSize());
        ticking = false;
      });
      ticking = true;
    } 
  }, []);

  useEffect(() => {
    window.addEventListener('resize', handleResize);
    return () => window.removeEventListener('resize', handleResize);
  }, []);
 
  return size;
}

下面是它使用的要点:Img。tsx和useResize。或者,你可以在我的回购中看到更多的上下文。

一些关于为什么你应该这样做而不是debouning你的函数的参考资料:

一个相关的github公关与良好的解释 中等,但在一个迷因墙后面 一个深入的stackoverflow回答

谢谢你们来听我的Ted演讲。

在index.js:

function render() {
  ReactDOM.render(<App />, document.getElementById('root'));
}

render();

window.addEventListener('resize', render);

重新渲染要求重新计算所有依赖于React本身无法检测到的变量的东西,比如window。innerWidth/innerHeight, localStorage等,同时保持应用程序状态不变。

如果需要在其他情况下重新渲染,也可以导出此render()函数并在其他地方使用。

虽然我不确定这对性能的影响(因为它可能会重新渲染所有内容或只是改变了什么),但对我来说,调整大小时它似乎足够快。