当浏览器窗口调整大小时,如何让React重新渲染视图?

背景

我有一些块,我想在页面上单独布局,但我也希望他们更新时,浏览器窗口的变化。最终的结果将是像Ben Holland的Pinterest布局,但使用React而不仅仅是jQuery。我还有一段路要走。

Code

这是我的应用程序:

var MyApp = React.createClass({
  //does the http get from the server
  loadBlocksFromServer: function() {
    $.ajax({
      url: this.props.url,
      dataType: 'json',
      mimeType: 'textPlain',
      success: function(data) {
        this.setState({data: data.events});
      }.bind(this)
    });
  },
  getInitialState: function() {
    return {data: []};
  },
  componentWillMount: function() {
    this.loadBlocksFromServer();

  },    
  render: function() {
    return (
        <div>
      <Blocks data={this.state.data}/>
      </div>
    );
  }
});

React.renderComponent(
  <MyApp url="url_here"/>,
  document.getElementById('view')
)

然后我有Block组件(相当于上面Pinterest例子中的Pin):

var Block = React.createClass({
  render: function() {
    return (
        <div class="dp-block" style={{left: this.props.top, top: this.props.left}}>
        <h2>{this.props.title}</h2>
        <p>{this.props.children}</p>
        </div>
    );
  }
});

和block的列表/集合:

var Blocks = React.createClass({

  render: function() {

    //I've temporarily got code that assigns a random position
    //See inside the function below...

    var blockNodes = this.props.data.map(function (block) {   
      //temporary random position
      var topOffset = Math.random() * $(window).width() + 'px'; 
      var leftOffset = Math.random() * $(window).height() + 'px'; 
      return <Block order={block.id} title={block.summary} left={leftOffset} top={topOffset}>{block.description}</Block>;
    });

    return (
        <div>{blockNodes}</div>
    );
  }
});

问题

我应该添加jQuery的窗口大小调整?如果有,在哪里?

$( window ).resize(function() {
  // re-render the component
});

有没有更“React”的方式来做到这一点?


当前回答

只是为了改进@senornestor使用forceUpdate的解决方案和@gkri在组件卸载时删除resize事件监听器的解决方案:

不要忘记抑制(或撤消)调整大小的要求 确保在构造函数中绑定(this)

import React from 'react'
import { throttle } from 'lodash'

class Foo extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props)
    this.resize = throttle(this.resize.bind(this), 100)
  }

  resize = () => this.forceUpdate()

  componentDidMount() {
    window.addEventListener('resize', this.resize)
  }

  componentWillUnmount() {
    window.removeEventListener('resize', this.resize)
  }

  render() {
    return (
      <div>{window.innerWidth} x {window.innerHeight}</div>
    )
  }
}

另一种方法是使用一个“dummy”状态来代替forceUpdate:

import React from 'react'
import { throttle } from 'lodash'

class Foo extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props)
    this.state = { foo: 1 }
    this.resize = throttle(this.resize.bind(this), 100)
  }

  resize = () => this.setState({ foo: 1 })

  componentDidMount() {
    window.addEventListener('resize', this.resize)
  }

  componentWillUnmount() {
    window.removeEventListener('resize', this.resize)
  }

  render() {
    return (
      <div>{window.innerWidth} x {window.innerHeight}</div>
    )
  }
}

其他回答

这段代码使用了新的React上下文API:

  import React, { PureComponent, createContext } from 'react';

  const { Provider, Consumer } = createContext({ width: 0, height: 0 });

  class WindowProvider extends PureComponent {
    state = this.getDimensions();

    componentDidMount() {
      window.addEventListener('resize', this.updateDimensions);
    }

    componentWillUnmount() {
      window.removeEventListener('resize', this.updateDimensions);
    }

    getDimensions() {
      const w = window;
      const d = document;
      const documentElement = d.documentElement;
      const body = d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0];
      const width = w.innerWidth || documentElement.clientWidth || body.clientWidth;
      const height = w.innerHeight || documentElement.clientHeight || body.clientHeight;

      return { width, height };
    }

    updateDimensions = () => {
      this.setState(this.getDimensions());
    };

    render() {
      return <Provider value={this.state}>{this.props.children}</Provider>;
    }
  }

然后你可以在你的代码中使用它,像这样:

<WindowConsumer>
  {({ width, height }) =>  //do what you want}
</WindowConsumer>

对于那些寻求Typescript支持的人,我根据@Lead Developer的回答写了下面的钩子:

import { useState, useEffect } from 'react';


export const debounce = <A extends unknown[]>(callback: (...args: A) => unknown, msDelay: number) => {
    let timer: NodeJS.Timeout | undefined;

    return (...args: A) => {
        clearTimeout(timer);

        timer = setTimeout(() => {
            timer = undefined;
            callback(...args);
        }, msDelay);
    };
};

export const useWindowDimension = (msDelay = 100) => {
    const [dimension, setDimension] = useState({
        width: window.innerWidth,
        height: window.innerHeight,
    });

    useEffect(() => {
        const resizeHandler = () => {
            setDimension({
                width: window.innerWidth,
                height: window.innerHeight
            });
        };

        const handler = msDelay <= 0 ? resizeHandler : debounce(resizeHandler, msDelay);

        window.addEventListener('resize', handler);

        return () => window.removeEventListener('resize', handler);
    }, []);

    return dimension;
};

export type Dimension = ReturnType<typeof useWindowDimension>;

很明显,它的好处是Typescript支持,还有一个选项可以控制延迟时间(以毫秒为单位),默认为100ms。如果延迟时间为0或更少,它将不会反弹处理程序。 另一个区别是钩子返回一个Dimension类型的对象,即:

type Dimension = {
    width: number;
    height: number;
}

这样,每个人都清楚钩子实际返回的是什么。

一个非常简单的解决方案:

resize = () => this.forceUpdate()

componentDidMount() {
  window.addEventListener('resize', this.resize)
}

componentWillUnmount() {
  window.removeEventListener('resize', this.resize)
}

使用React钩子:

你可以定义一个自定义钩子来监听窗口大小调整事件,就像这样:

import React, { useLayoutEffect, useState } from 'react';

function useWindowSize() {
  const [size, setSize] = useState([0, 0]);
  useLayoutEffect(() => {
    function updateSize() {
      setSize([window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight]);
    }
    window.addEventListener('resize', updateSize);
    updateSize();
    return () => window.removeEventListener('resize', updateSize);
  }, []);
  return size;
}

function ShowWindowDimensions(props) {
  const [width, height] = useWindowSize();
  return <span>Window size: {width} x {height}</span>;
}

这里的优点是逻辑是封装的,您可以在任何想要使用窗口大小的地方使用这个Hook。

使用React类:

你可以在componentDidMount中监听,类似于这个组件,它只显示窗口尺寸(如<span>窗口大小:1024 x 768</span>):

import React from 'react';

class ShowWindowDimensions extends React.Component {
  state = { width: 0, height: 0 };
  render() {
    return <span>Window size: {this.state.width} x {this.state.height}</span>;
  }
  updateDimensions = () => {
    this.setState({ width: window.innerWidth, height: window.innerHeight });
  };
  componentDidMount() {
    window.addEventListener('resize', this.updateDimensions);
  }
  componentWillUnmount() {
    window.removeEventListener('resize', this.updateDimensions);
  }
}

从React 16.8开始,你可以使用Hooks!

/* globals window */
import React, { useState, useEffect } from 'react'
import _debounce from 'lodash.debounce'

const Example = () => {
  const [width, setWidth] = useState(window.innerWidth)

  useEffect(() => {
    const handleResize = _debounce(() => setWidth(window.innerWidth), 100)

    window.addEventListener('resize', handleResize);

    return () => {
      window.removeEventListener('resize', handleResize);
    }
  }, [])

  return <>Width: {width}</>
}