这里有一个解决方案，不需要任何编码，甚至适用于异常的文本加载过早，我们能够通过代码更改(例如，那些在mscorlib)。

它可能并不总是适用于每一种情况(这取决于你的设置，因为你需要能够创建一个。config文件之外的主。exe文件)，但这对我来说是可行的。因此，只需在dev中创建一个app.config，(或[myapp].exe。Config或web。Config in production)，包含以下行，例如:

<configuration>
  ...
  <runtime>
    <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="mscorlib.resources" publicKeyToken="b77a5c561934e089"
                          culture="fr" /> <!-- change this to your language -->

        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-999.0.0.0" newVersion="999.0.0.0"/>
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Xml.resources" publicKeyToken="b77a5c561934e089"
                          culture="fr" /> <!-- change this to your language -->

        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-999.0.0.0" newVersion="999.0.0.0"/>
      </dependentAssembly>

      <!-- add other assemblies and other languages here -->

    </assemblyBinding>
  </runtime>
  ...
</configuration>

它的作用是告诉框架将mscorlib的资源和System.Xml的资源的程序集绑定重定向到一个程序集，用于版本介于1到999之间的法语(文化设置为“fr”)。不存在(任意版本999)。

因此，当CLR为这两个程序集(mscorlib和System.xml)寻找法语资源时，它不会找到它们，而是优雅地回退到英语。根据上下文和测试，您可能希望将其他程序集添加到这些重定向(包含本地化资源的程序集)。

当然，我认为微软不支持这个功能，所以请自行承担使用风险。好吧，如果您发现了问题，您可以删除这个配置并检查它是否无关。

CultureInfo oldCI = Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;

Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = CultureInfo.CreateSpecificCulture ("en-US");
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture=new CultureInfo("en-US");
try
{
  System.IO.StreamReader sr=new System.IO.StreamReader(@"c:\does-not-exist");
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
  Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
}
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = oldCI;
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = oldCI;

没有解决方法。

Tks:)

您应该记录调用堆栈，而不仅仅是错误消息(IIRC，简单的异常。tostring()应该为您做这件事)。从那里，您可以确定异常的确切来源，并且通常可以推断出它是哪个异常。

我也遇到过同样的情况，我在这里和其他地方找到的所有答案都没有帮助或不令人满意:

强制异常语言为英文 c# -当应用程序在另一种语言时，获得英语异常消息? 调试时如何将Visual Studio异常消息语言更改为英文 如何处理异常消息的翻译? 如何完全避免本地化的.NET异常消息

线程。CurrentUICulture改变了。net异常的语言，但是Win32Exception没有改变，Win32Exception使用Windows UI本身语言中的Windows资源。因此，我从来没有设法用英语而不是德语打印Win32Exception的消息，甚至没有使用中所描述的FormatMessage() 如何获得Win32Exception的英文?

因此，我创建了自己的解决方案，它将不同语言的大多数现有异常消息存储在外部文件中。您将不会用您想要的语言得到非常精确的消息，但是您将得到该语言的消息，这比您目前得到的消息(可能是用一种您不理解的语言得到的消息)要好得多。

该类的静态函数可以在使用不同语言的Windows安装上执行: CreateMessages()创建特定于区域性的文本 SaveMessagesToXML()将它们保存到创建或加载语言时的尽可能多的XML文件中 LoadMessagesFromXML()用特定于语言的消息加载所有XML文件

在使用不同语言的不同Windows安装上创建XML文件时，您很快就会拥有所需的所有语言。 也许当你安装了多个MUI语言包时，你可以在1个Windows上为不同的语言创建文本，但我还没有测试过。

使用VS2008测试，可以使用了。欢迎评论和建议!

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Threading;
using System.Xml;

public struct CException
{
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public CException(Exception i_oException)
  {
    m_oException = i_oException;
    m_oCultureInfo = null;
    m_sMessage = null;
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public CException(Exception i_oException, string i_sCulture)
  {
    m_oException = i_oException;
    try
    { m_oCultureInfo = new CultureInfo(i_sCulture); }
    catch
    { m_oCultureInfo = CultureInfo.InvariantCulture; }
    m_sMessage = null;
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public CException(Exception i_oException, CultureInfo i_oCultureInfo)
  {
    m_oException = i_oException;
    m_oCultureInfo = i_oCultureInfo == null ? CultureInfo.InvariantCulture : i_oCultureInfo;
    m_sMessage = null;
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // GetMessage
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public string GetMessage() { return GetMessage(m_oException, m_oCultureInfo); }

  public string GetMessage(String i_sCulture) { return GetMessage(m_oException, i_sCulture); }

  public string GetMessage(CultureInfo i_oCultureInfo) { return GetMessage(m_oException, i_oCultureInfo); }

  public static string GetMessage(Exception i_oException) { return GetMessage(i_oException, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture); }

  public static string GetMessage(Exception i_oException, string i_sCulture)
  {
    CultureInfo oCultureInfo = null;
    try
    { oCultureInfo = new CultureInfo(i_sCulture); }
    catch
    { oCultureInfo = CultureInfo.InvariantCulture; }
    return GetMessage(i_oException, oCultureInfo);
  }

  public static string GetMessage(Exception i_oException, CultureInfo i_oCultureInfo)
  {
    if (i_oException == null) return null;
    if (i_oCultureInfo == null) i_oCultureInfo = CultureInfo.InvariantCulture;

    if (ms_dictCultureExceptionMessages == null) return null;
    if (!ms_dictCultureExceptionMessages.ContainsKey(i_oCultureInfo))
      return CreateMessage(i_oException, i_oCultureInfo);

    Dictionary<string, string> dictExceptionMessage = ms_dictCultureExceptionMessages[i_oCultureInfo];
    string sExceptionName = i_oException.GetType().FullName;
    sExceptionName = MakeXMLCompliant(sExceptionName);
    Win32Exception oWin32Exception = (Win32Exception)i_oException;
    if (oWin32Exception != null)
      sExceptionName += "_" + oWin32Exception.NativeErrorCode;
    if (dictExceptionMessage.ContainsKey(sExceptionName))
      return dictExceptionMessage[sExceptionName];
    else
      return CreateMessage(i_oException, i_oCultureInfo);
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // CreateMessages
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static void CreateMessages(CultureInfo i_oCultureInfo)
  {
    Thread oTH = new Thread(new ThreadStart(CreateMessagesInThread));
    if (i_oCultureInfo != null)
    {
      oTH.CurrentCulture = i_oCultureInfo;
      oTH.CurrentUICulture = i_oCultureInfo;
    }
    oTH.Start();
    while (oTH.IsAlive)
    { Thread.Sleep(10); }
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // LoadMessagesFromXML
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static void LoadMessagesFromXML(string i_sPath, string i_sBaseFilename)
  {
    if (i_sBaseFilename == null) i_sBaseFilename = msc_sBaseFilename;

    string[] asFiles = null;
    try
    {
      asFiles = System.IO.Directory.GetFiles(i_sPath, i_sBaseFilename + "_*.xml");
    }
    catch { return; }

    ms_dictCultureExceptionMessages.Clear();
    for (int ixFile = 0; ixFile < asFiles.Length; ixFile++)
    {
      string sXmlPathFilename = asFiles[ixFile];

      XmlDocument xmldoc = new XmlDocument();
      try
      {
        xmldoc.Load(sXmlPathFilename);
        XmlNode xmlnodeRoot = xmldoc.SelectSingleNode("/" + msc_sXmlGroup_Root);

        string sCulture = xmlnodeRoot.SelectSingleNode(msc_sXmlGroup_Info + "/" + msc_sXmlData_Culture).Value;
        CultureInfo oCultureInfo = new CultureInfo(sCulture);

        XmlNode xmlnodeMessages = xmlnodeRoot.SelectSingleNode(msc_sXmlGroup_Messages);
        XmlNodeList xmlnodelistMessage = xmlnodeMessages.ChildNodes;
        Dictionary<string, string> dictExceptionMessage = new Dictionary<string, string>(xmlnodelistMessage.Count + 10);
        for (int ixNode = 0; ixNode < xmlnodelistMessage.Count; ixNode++)
          dictExceptionMessage.Add(xmlnodelistMessage[ixNode].Name, xmlnodelistMessage[ixNode].InnerText);
        ms_dictCultureExceptionMessages.Add(oCultureInfo, dictExceptionMessage);
      }
      catch
      { return; }
    }
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // SaveMessagesToXML
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static void SaveMessagesToXML(string i_sPath, string i_sBaseFilename)
  {
    if (i_sBaseFilename == null) i_sBaseFilename = msc_sBaseFilename;

    foreach (KeyValuePair<CultureInfo, Dictionary<string, string>> kvpCultureExceptionMessages in ms_dictCultureExceptionMessages)
    {
      string sXmlPathFilename = i_sPath + i_sBaseFilename + "_" + kvpCultureExceptionMessages.Key.TwoLetterISOLanguageName + ".xml";
      Dictionary<string, string> dictExceptionMessage = kvpCultureExceptionMessages.Value;

      XmlDocument xmldoc = new XmlDocument();
      XmlWriter xmlwriter = null;
      XmlWriterSettings writerSettings = new XmlWriterSettings();
      writerSettings.Indent = true;

      try
      {
        XmlNode xmlnodeRoot = xmldoc.CreateElement(msc_sXmlGroup_Root);
        xmldoc.AppendChild(xmlnodeRoot);
        XmlNode xmlnodeInfo = xmldoc.CreateElement(msc_sXmlGroup_Info);
        XmlNode xmlnodeMessages = xmldoc.CreateElement(msc_sXmlGroup_Messages);
        xmlnodeRoot.AppendChild(xmlnodeInfo);
        xmlnodeRoot.AppendChild(xmlnodeMessages);

        XmlNode xmlnodeCulture = xmldoc.CreateElement(msc_sXmlData_Culture);
        xmlnodeCulture.InnerText = kvpCultureExceptionMessages.Key.Name;
        xmlnodeInfo.AppendChild(xmlnodeCulture);

        foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> kvpExceptionMessage in dictExceptionMessage)
        {
          XmlNode xmlnodeMsg = xmldoc.CreateElement(kvpExceptionMessage.Key);
          xmlnodeMsg.InnerText = kvpExceptionMessage.Value;
          xmlnodeMessages.AppendChild(xmlnodeMsg);
        }

        xmlwriter = XmlWriter.Create(sXmlPathFilename, writerSettings);
        xmldoc.WriteTo(xmlwriter);
      }
      catch (Exception e)
      { return; }
      finally
      { if (xmlwriter != null) xmlwriter.Close(); }
    }
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // CreateMessagesInThread
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  private static void CreateMessagesInThread()
  {
    Thread.CurrentThread.Name = "CException.CreateMessagesInThread";

    Dictionary<string, string> dictExceptionMessage = new Dictionary<string, string>(0x1000);

    GetExceptionMessages(dictExceptionMessage);
    GetExceptionMessagesWin32(dictExceptionMessage);

    ms_dictCultureExceptionMessages.Add(Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture, dictExceptionMessage);
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // GetExceptionTypes
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  private static List<Type> GetExceptionTypes()
  {
    Assembly[] aoAssembly = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies();

    List<Type> listoExceptionType = new List<Type>();

    Type oExceptionType = typeof(Exception);
    for (int ixAssm = 0; ixAssm < aoAssembly.Length; ixAssm++)
    {
      if (!aoAssembly[ixAssm].GlobalAssemblyCache) continue;
      Type[] aoType = aoAssembly[ixAssm].GetTypes();
      for (int ixType = 0; ixType < aoType.Length; ixType++)
      {
        if (aoType[ixType].IsSubclassOf(oExceptionType))
          listoExceptionType.Add(aoType[ixType]);
      }
    }

    return listoExceptionType;
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // GetExceptionMessages
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  private static void GetExceptionMessages(Dictionary<string, string> i_dictExceptionMessage)
  {
    List<Type> listoExceptionType = GetExceptionTypes();
    for (int ixException = 0; ixException < listoExceptionType.Count; ixException++)
    {
      Type oExceptionType = listoExceptionType[ixException];
      string sExceptionName = MakeXMLCompliant(oExceptionType.FullName);
      try
      {
        if (i_dictExceptionMessage.ContainsKey(sExceptionName))
          continue;
        Exception e = (Exception)(Activator.CreateInstance(oExceptionType));
        i_dictExceptionMessage.Add(sExceptionName, e.Message);
      }
      catch (Exception)
      { i_dictExceptionMessage.Add(sExceptionName, null); }
    }
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // GetExceptionMessagesWin32
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  private static void GetExceptionMessagesWin32(Dictionary<string, string> i_dictExceptionMessage)
  {
    string sTypeName = MakeXMLCompliant(typeof(Win32Exception).FullName) + "_";
    for (int iError = 0; iError < 0x4000; iError++)  // Win32 errors may range from 0 to 0xFFFF
    {
      Exception e = new Win32Exception(iError);
      if (!e.Message.StartsWith("Unknown error (", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
        i_dictExceptionMessage.Add(sTypeName + iError, e.Message);
    }
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // CreateMessage
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  private static string CreateMessage(Exception i_oException, CultureInfo i_oCultureInfo)
  {
    CException oEx = new CException(i_oException, i_oCultureInfo);
    Thread oTH = new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart(CreateMessageInThread));
    oTH.Start(oEx);
    while (oTH.IsAlive)
    { Thread.Sleep(10); }
    return oEx.m_sMessage;
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // CreateMessageInThread
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  private static void CreateMessageInThread(Object i_oData)
  {
    if (i_oData == null) return;
    CException oEx = (CException)i_oData;
    if (oEx.m_oException == null) return;

    Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = oEx.m_oCultureInfo == null ? CultureInfo.InvariantCulture : oEx.m_oCultureInfo;
    // create new exception in desired culture
    Exception e = null;
    Win32Exception oWin32Exception = (Win32Exception)(oEx.m_oException);
    if (oWin32Exception != null)
      e = new Win32Exception(oWin32Exception.NativeErrorCode);
    else
    {
      try
      {
        e = (Exception)(Activator.CreateInstance(oEx.m_oException.GetType()));
      }
      catch { }
    }
    if (e != null)
      oEx.m_sMessage = e.Message;
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // MakeXMLCompliant
  // from https://www.w3.org/TR/xml/
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  private static string MakeXMLCompliant(string i_sName)
  {
    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(i_sName))
      return "_";

    System.Text.StringBuilder oSB = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
    for (int ixChar = 0; ixChar < (i_sName == null ? 0 : i_sName.Length); ixChar++)
    {
      char character = i_sName[ixChar];
      if (IsXmlNodeNameCharacterValid(ixChar, character))
        oSB.Append(character);
    }
    if (oSB.Length <= 0)
      oSB.Append("_");
    return oSB.ToString();
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  private static bool IsXmlNodeNameCharacterValid(int i_ixPos, char i_character)
  {
    if (i_character == ':') return true;
    if (i_character == '_') return true;
    if (i_character >= 'A' && i_character <= 'Z') return true;
    if (i_character >= 'a' && i_character <= 'z') return true;
    if (i_character >= 0x00C0 && i_character <= 0x00D6) return true;
    if (i_character >= 0x00D8 && i_character <= 0x00F6) return true;
    if (i_character >= 0x00F8 && i_character <= 0x02FF) return true;
    if (i_character >= 0x0370 && i_character <= 0x037D) return true;
    if (i_character >= 0x037F && i_character <= 0x1FFF) return true;
    if (i_character >= 0x200C && i_character <= 0x200D) return true;
    if (i_character >= 0x2070 && i_character <= 0x218F) return true;
    if (i_character >= 0x2C00 && i_character <= 0x2FEF) return true;
    if (i_character >= 0x3001 && i_character <= 0xD7FF) return true;
    if (i_character >= 0xF900 && i_character <= 0xFDCF) return true;
    if (i_character >= 0xFDF0 && i_character <= 0xFFFD) return true;
    // if (i_character >= 0x10000 && i_character <= 0xEFFFF) return true;

    if (i_ixPos > 0)
    {
      if (i_character == '-') return true;
      if (i_character == '.') return true;
      if (i_character >= '0' && i_character <= '9') return true;
      if (i_character == 0xB7) return true;
      if (i_character >= 0x0300 && i_character <= 0x036F) return true;
      if (i_character >= 0x203F && i_character <= 0x2040) return true;
    }
    return false;
  }

  private static string msc_sBaseFilename = "exception_messages";
  private static string msc_sXmlGroup_Root = "exception_messages";
  private static string msc_sXmlGroup_Info = "info";
  private static string msc_sXmlGroup_Messages = "messages";
  private static string msc_sXmlData_Culture = "culture";

  private Exception m_oException;
  private CultureInfo m_oCultureInfo;
  private string m_sMessage;

  static Dictionary<CultureInfo, Dictionary<string, string>> ms_dictCultureExceptionMessages = new Dictionary<CultureInfo, Dictionary<string, string>>();
}

internal class Program
{
  public static void Main()
  {
    CException.CreateMessages(null);
    CException.SaveMessagesToXML(@"d:\temp\", "emsg");
    CException.LoadMessagesFromXML(@"d:\temp\", "emsg");
  }
}

Setting Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture will be used to localize the exceptions. If you need two kinds of exceptions (one for the user, one for you) you can use the following function to translate the exception-message. It's searching in the .NET-Libraries resources for the original text to get the resource-key and then return the translated value. But there's one weakness I didn't find a good solution yet: Messages, that contains {0} in resources will not be found. If anyone has a good solution I would be grateful.

public static string TranslateExceptionMessage(Exception ex, CultureInfo targetCulture)
{
    try
    {
        Assembly assembly = ex.GetType().Assembly;
        ResourceManager resourceManager = new ResourceManager(assembly.GetName().Name, assembly);
        ResourceSet originalResources = resourceManager.GetResourceSet(Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture, createIfNotExists: true, tryParents: true);
        ResourceSet targetResources = resourceManager.GetResourceSet(targetCulture, createIfNotExists: true, tryParents: true);
        foreach (DictionaryEntry originalResource in originalResources)
            if (originalResource.Value.ToString().Equals(ex.Message.ToString(), StringComparison.Ordinal))
                return targetResources.GetString(originalResource.Key.ToString(), ignoreCase: false); // success

    }
    catch { }
    return ex.Message; // failed (error or cause it's not smart enough to find texts with '{0}'-patterns)
}

这个问题可以部分解决。框架异常代码根据当前线程区域设置从其资源加载错误消息。在某些异常的情况下，这将在访问Message属性时发生。

对于这些例外情况，您可以通过在记录消息的同时将线程语言环境简单地切换为en-US来获得消息的完整的美国英语版本(预先保存原始用户语言环境，然后立即恢复它)。

在一个单独的线程上执行这个操作会更好:这样可以确保不会有任何副作用。例如:

try
{
  System.IO.StreamReader sr=new System.IO.StreamReader(@"c:\does-not-exist");
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
  Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString()); //Will display localized message
  ExceptionLogger el = new ExceptionLogger(ex);
  System.Threading.Thread t = new System.Threading.Thread(el.DoLog);
  t.CurrentUICulture = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("en-US");
  t.Start();
}

其中ExceptionLogger类看起来像这样:

class ExceptionLogger
{
  Exception _ex;

  public ExceptionLogger(Exception ex)
  {
    _ex = ex;
  }

  public void DoLog()
  {
    Console.WriteLine(_ex.ToString()); //Will display en-US message
  }
}

然而，正如Joe在对该回复的早期修订的评论中正确指出的那样，在抛出异常时，一些消息已经(部分)从语言资源加载了。

例如，这适用于抛出ArgumentNullException("foo")异常时生成的消息中的'parameter cannot be null'部分。在这些情况下，即使在使用上述代码时，消息仍将出现(部分)本地化。

除了使用一些不切实际的技巧，比如在一个带有en-US语言环境的线程上运行所有的非ui代码之外，似乎没有什么可以做的:. net Framework异常代码没有覆盖错误消息语言环境的工具。