我想在while循环中添加一个delay/sleep:
我是这样试的:
alert('hi');
for(var start = 1; start < 10; start++) {
setTimeout(function () {
alert('hello');
}, 3000);
}
只有第一种情况是正确的:在显示alert('hi')后，它将等待3秒，然后alert('hello')将显示，但随后alert('hello')将不断重复。
我想要的是，在警报('hello')显示3秒后警报('hi')，然后它需要等待3秒的第二次警报('hello')，以此类推。
当前回答
我认为你需要这样的东西:
var TimedQueue = function(defaultDelay){
this.queue = [];
this.index = 0;
this.defaultDelay = defaultDelay || 3000;
};
TimedQueue.prototype = {
add: function(fn, delay){
this.queue.push({
fn: fn,
delay: delay
});
},
run: function(index){
(index || index === 0) && (this.index = index);
this.next();
},
next: function(){
var self = this
, i = this.index++
, at = this.queue[i]
, next = this.queue[this.index]
if(!at) return;
at.fn();
next && setTimeout(function(){
self.next();
}, next.delay||this.defaultDelay);
},
reset: function(){
this.index = 0;
}
}
测试代码:
var now = +new Date();
var x = new TimedQueue(2000);
x.add(function(){
console.log('hey');
console.log(+new Date() - now);
});
x.add(function(){
console.log('ho');
console.log(+new Date() - now);
}, 3000);
x.add(function(){
console.log('bye');
console.log(+new Date() - now);
});
x.run();
注意:使用警报暂停javascript执行，直到你关闭警报。 它的代码可能比您要求的要多，但这是一个健壮的可重用解决方案。
其他回答
我可能会使用setInterval，像这样:
var period = 1000; // ms
var endTime = 10000; // ms
var counter = 0;
var sleepyAlert = setInterval(function(){
alert('Hello');
if(counter === endTime){
clearInterval(sleepyAlert);
}
counter += period;
}, period);
下面是我如何创建一个无限循环的延迟，在特定条件下中断:
// Now continuously check the app status until it's completed,
// failed or times out. The isFinished() will throw exception if
// there is a failure.
while (true) {
let status = await this.api.getStatus(appId);
if (isFinished(status)) {
break;
} else {
// Delay before running the next loop iteration:
await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 3000));
}
}
这里的关键是创建一个通过超时解析的新Promise，并等待它的解析。
显然你需要async/await支持。工作在Node 8。
我认为你需要这样的东西:
var TimedQueue = function(defaultDelay){
this.queue = [];
this.index = 0;
this.defaultDelay = defaultDelay || 3000;
};
TimedQueue.prototype = {
add: function(fn, delay){
this.queue.push({
fn: fn,
delay: delay
});
},
run: function(index){
(index || index === 0) && (this.index = index);
this.next();
},
next: function(){
var self = this
, i = this.index++
, at = this.queue[i]
, next = this.queue[this.index]
if(!at) return;
at.fn();
next && setTimeout(function(){
self.next();
}, next.delay||this.defaultDelay);
},
reset: function(){
this.index = 0;
}
}
测试代码:
var now = +new Date();
var x = new TimedQueue(2000);
x.add(function(){
console.log('hey');
console.log(+new Date() - now);
});
x.add(function(){
console.log('ho');
console.log(+new Date() - now);
}, 3000);
x.add(function(){
console.log('bye');
console.log(+new Date() - now);
});
x.run();
注意:使用警报暂停javascript执行，直到你关闭警报。 它的代码可能比您要求的要多，但这是一个健壮的可重用解决方案。
因为ES7有一个更好的方法来等待循环:
// Returns a Promise that resolves after "ms" Milliseconds
const timer = ms => new Promise(res => setTimeout(res, ms))
async function load () { // We need to wrap the loop into an async function for this to work
for (var i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
console.log(i);
await timer(3000); // then the created Promise can be awaited
}
}
load();
当引擎到达await部分时，它设置一个超时并停止async函数的执行。然后，当超时完成时，继续执行。这是非常有用的，因为你可以延迟(1)嵌套循环，(2)有条件的，(3)嵌套函数:
异步函数任务(i) {// 3 等待计时器(1000); console.log('任务${i}完成! '); ｝ 异步函数main() { 对于(设I = 0;I < 100;I += 10) { For(令j = 0;J < 10;j++) {// 1 如果(j % 2) {// 2 等待任务(i + j); ｝ ｝ ｝ ｝ main (); 函数定时器(ms){返回新的承诺(res => setTimeout(res, ms));｝
MDN参考资料
虽然ES7现在被NodeJS和现代浏览器支持，但你可能想用BabelJS编译它，这样它就可以在任何地方运行。
/*
Use Recursive and setTimeout
call below function will run loop loopFunctionNeedCheck until
conditionCheckAfterRunFn = true, if conditionCheckAfterRunFn == false : delay
reRunAfterMs miliseconds and continue loop
tested code, thanks
*/
function functionRepeatUntilConditionTrue(reRunAfterMs, conditionCheckAfterRunFn,
loopFunctionNeedCheck) {
loopFunctionNeedCheck();
var result = conditionCheckAfterRunFn();
//check after run
if (!result) {
setTimeout(function () {
functionRepeatUntilConditionTrue(reRunAfterMs, conditionCheckAfterRunFn, loopFunctionNeedCheck)
}, reRunAfterMs);
}
else console.log("completed, thanks");
//if you need call a function after completed add code call callback in here
}
//passing-parameters-to-a-callback-function
// From Prototype.js
if (!Function.prototype.bind) { // check if native implementation available
Function.prototype.bind = function () {
var fn = this, args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments),
object = args.shift();
return function () {
return fn.apply(object,
args.concat(Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments)));
};
};
}
//test code:
var result = 0;
console.log("---> init result is " + result);
var functionNeedRun = function (step) {
result+=step;
console.log("current result is " + result);
}
var checkResultFunction = function () {
return result==100;
}
//call this function will run loop functionNeedRun and delay 500 miliseconds until result=100
functionRepeatUntilConditionTrue(500, checkResultFunction , functionNeedRun.bind(null, 5));
//result log from console:
/*
---> init result is 0
current result is 5
undefined
current result is 10
current result is 15
current result is 20
current result is 25
current result is 30
current result is 35
current result is 40
current result is 45
current result is 50
current result is 55
current result is 60
current result is 65
current result is 70
current result is 75
current result is 80
current result is 85
current result is 90
current result is 95
current result is 100
completed, thanks
*/
