添加内核意味着你想要使用Jupyter Notebook和列表中没有显示的python版本。

简单的方法-使用所需的python版本启动笔记本，假设我安装了python3.7，然后从终端(cmd)使用以下命令来运行笔记本:

python3.7 -m notebook

有时它会使用别名py, py3.7, python来代替python3.7。

Here's a Windows/non command line method I found, which worked for me: Find the folder where the kernel files are stored (on my machine - C:\ProgramData\jupyter\kernels - note that ProgramData is a hidden folder), create a copy of the existing kernel's folder, change the name and edit the json file within to point to the new kernel's directory. In this json you can also edit the kernel name that is displayed in ipython (e.g. instead of just python 2 you can specify 2.7.9 if you need to further distinguish for some reason).

我很确定你要做的就是逃跑

Pip3安装jupyter

如果你使用的是anaconda发行版，这对我来说是有效的(在macintosh上):

$ conda create -n py3k python=3 anaconda

$ source activate py3k

$ ipython kernelspec install-self

最后一个命令需要注意:

(py3k)Monas-MacBook-Pro:cs799 mona$ ipython kernelspec install-self
[TerminalIPythonApp] WARNING | Subcommand `ipython kernelspec` is deprecated and will be removed in future versions.
[TerminalIPythonApp] WARNING | You likely want to use `jupyter kernelspec` in the future
[InstallNativeKernelSpec] WARNING | `jupyter kernelspec install-self` is DEPRECATED as of 4.0. You probably want `ipython kernel install` to install the IPython kernelspec.
[InstallNativeKernelSpec] Installed kernelspec python3 in /usr/local/share/jupyter/kernels/python3
(py3k)Monas-MacBook-Pro:cs799 mona$ ipython kernel install 
Installed kernelspec python3 in /usr/local/share/jupyter/kernels/python3

按照上述步骤在OSX Yosemite中进行测试，并输入jupter notebook并在浏览器中创建一个新的notebook，您将看到以下截图:

我有Python 2.7，并希望能够在Jupyter内部切换到Python 3。

这些步骤在Windows Anaconda命令提示符上为我工作:

conda update conda
conda create -n py33 python=3.3 anaconda
activate py33
ipython kernelspec install-self
deactivate

现在，在使用Python2.7的常用命令打开ipython notebook之后，在创建新notebook时也可以使用Python3.3。

对于jupyter/ipython的最新版本:使用jupyter kernelspec

完整文档:https://ipython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/install/kernel_install.html

列出当前内核

$ jupyter kernelspec list
Available kernels:
  python2    .../Jupyter/kernels/python2
  python3    .../Jupyter/kernels/python3

在我的例子中，python3内核设置被破坏了，因为py3.5链接不再存在，取而代之的是py3.6

添加/删除内核

删除:

$ jupyter kernelspec uninstall python3

添加一个新的: 使用你想要添加的Python并指向运行jupiter的Python:

$ /path/to/kernel/env/bin/python -m ipykernel install --prefix=/path/to/jupyter/env --name 'python-my-env'

更多例子见https://ipython.readthedocs.io/en/6.5.0/install/kernel_install.html#kernels-for-different-environments

列表:

$ jupyter kernelspec list
Available kernels:
  python3    /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/ipykernel/resources
  python2    /Users/stefano/Library/Jupyter/kernels/python2

道格:https://jupyter-client.readthedocs.io/en/latest/kernels.html kernelspecs

细节

可用的内核列在Jupyter DATA DIRECTORY的Kernels文件夹下(详情请参阅http://jupyter.readthedocs.io/en/latest/projects/jupyter-directories.html)。

例如，在macosx上，应该是/Users/YOURUSERNAME/Library/Jupyter/kernels/

内核被简单地描述为内核。Json文件，例如。/用户/我/图书馆/ Jupyter /内核/ python3 / kernel.json

{
 "argv": [
  "/usr/local/opt/python3/bin/python3.5",
  "-m",
  "ipykernel",
  "-f",
  "{connection_file}"
 ],
 "language": "python",
 "display_name": "Python 3"
}

您可以使用kernelspec命令(如上所述)，而不是手动操作。以前可以通过ipython使用，现在可以通过jupyter (http://ipython.readthedocs.io/en/stable/install/kernel_install.html#kernels-for-different-environments - https://jupyter-client.readthedocs.io/en/latest/kernels.html#kernelspecs)使用。

$ jupyter kernelspec help
Manage Jupyter kernel specifications.

Subcommands
-----------

Subcommands are launched as `jupyter kernelspec cmd [args]`. For information on
using subcommand 'cmd', do: `jupyter kernelspec cmd -h`.

list
    List installed kernel specifications.
install
    Install a kernel specification directory.
uninstall
    Alias for remove
remove
    Remove one or more Jupyter kernelspecs by name.
install-self
    [DEPRECATED] Install the IPython kernel spec directory for this Python.

To see all available configurables, use `--help-all`

其他语言的内核

顺便说一下，与这个问题没有严格联系，但有很多其他可用的内核…https://github.com/jupyter/jupyter/wiki/Jupyter-kernels