我想比较两个数组。。。理想地、有效地。没有什么稀奇古怪的,如果它们是相同的,那就是真的,如果不是,那就是假的。毫不奇怪,比较运算符似乎不起作用。

var a1 = [1,2,3];
var a2 = [1,2,3];
console.log(a1==a2);    // Returns false
console.log(JSON.stringify(a1)==JSON.stringify(a2));    // Returns true

JSON对每个数组进行编码,但是否有一种更快或“更好”的方法来简单地比较数组而不必遍历每个值?


当前回答

这个方法只适用于标量数组,就像这个问题的第二个投票答案一样。

变量arrs=[[[1,2,3],[1,2,3]],//真[[1,2,3,4],[1,2,3],//错误[[1,2,3],[1,2,3,4]],//错误]常量数组相等=(一,二)=>(一个滤波器((i,n)=>两个[n]==i)。长度==一个长度)&&(两个滤波器(i,n)=>一个[n]==i)。长==两个长度)arrs.forEach(arr=>{console.log(arraysEqual(arr[0],arr[1]))})

没有ES6语法:

变量arrs=[[[1,2,3],[1,2,3]],//真[[1,2,3,4],[1,2,3],//错误[[1,2,3],[1,2,3,4]],//错误]函数arraysEqual(一,二){return(one.filter((i,n)=>two[n]==i).length==one.length)&&(two.filter}arrs.forEach(arr=>{console.log(arraysEqual(arr[0],arr[1]))})

其他回答

令人惊讶的是,没有人提出解决办法

const a = [1, 2, 3]
const b = [1, 2, 3, 4]
a.find((v,i) => v !== b[i])

这里的好处是,它不会比较所有值,而是查找第一次出现的值,并尽早结束循环。换句话说,它不是问“两个数组相等吗?”而是问“一个数组与另一个数组不同吗?”。

绩效基准排名第三https://jsben.ch/TgFrA

记住,顺序很重要,a.find(…)!==b.find(…),可以通过a.length==b.length进行检查

if (a.length === b.length && a.find((v,i) => v !== b[i]) === undefined) {
  // equal
}

在我的例子中,比较数组只包含数字和字符串。此函数将显示数组是否包含相同的元素。

function are_arrs_match(arr1, arr2){
    return arr1.sort().toString() === arr2.sort().toString()
}

让我们测试一下!

arr1 = [1, 2, 3, 'nik']
arr2 = ['nik', 3, 1, 2]
arr3 = [1, 2, 5]

console.log (are_arrs_match(arr1, arr2)) //true
console.log (are_arrs_match(arr1, arr3)) //false
var a1 = [1,2,3,6];
var a2 = [1,2,3,5];

function check(a, b) {
  return (a.length != b.length) ? false : 
  a.every(function(row, index) {
    return a[index] == b[index];
  });
}  

check(a1, a2);

//////或///////

var a1 = [1,2,3,6];
var a2 = [1,2,3,6];

function check(a, b) {
  return (a.length != b.length) ? false : 
  !(a.some(function(row, index) {
    return a[index] != b[index];
  }));
}  

check(a1, a2)

我的解决方案比较对象,而不是数组。这将以与Tomáš相同的方式工作,因为数组是对象,但没有警告:

Object.prototype.compare_to = function(comparable){
    
    // Is the value being compared an object
    if(comparable instanceof Object){
        
        // Count the amount of properties in @comparable
        var count_of_comparable = 0;
        for(p in comparable) count_of_comparable++;
        
        // Loop through all the properties in @this
        for(property in this){
            
            // Decrements once for every property in @this
            count_of_comparable--;
            
            // Prevents an infinite loop
            if(property != "compare_to"){
                
                // Is the property in @comparable
                if(property in comparable){
                    
                    // Is the property also an Object
                    if(this[property] instanceof Object){
                        
                        // Compare the properties if yes
                        if(!(this[property].compare_to(comparable[property]))){
                            
                            // Return false if the Object properties don't match
                            return false;
                        }
                    // Are the values unequal
                    } else if(this[property] !== comparable[property]){
                        
                        // Return false if they are unequal
                        return false;
                    }
                } else {
                
                    // Return false if the property is not in the object being compared
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }
    } else {
        
        // Return false if the value is anything other than an object
        return false;
    }
    
    // Return true if their are as many properties in the comparable object as @this
    return count_of_comparable == 0;
}

要比较数组,请循环它们并比较每个值:

比较阵列:

// Warn if overriding existing method
if(Array.prototype.equals)
    console.warn("Overriding existing Array.prototype.equals. Possible causes: New API defines the method, there's a framework conflict or you've got double inclusions in your code.");
// attach the .equals method to Array's prototype to call it on any array
Array.prototype.equals = function (array) {
    // if the other array is a falsy value, return
    if (!array)
        return false;
    // if the argument is the same array, we can be sure the contents are same as well
    if(array === this)
        return true;
    // compare lengths - can save a lot of time 
    if (this.length != array.length)
        return false;

    for (var i = 0, l=this.length; i < l; i++) {
        // Check if we have nested arrays
        if (this[i] instanceof Array && array[i] instanceof Array) {
            // recurse into the nested arrays
            if (!this[i].equals(array[i]))
                return false;       
        }           
        else if (this[i] != array[i]) { 
            // Warning - two different object instances will never be equal: {x:20} != {x:20}
            return false;   
        }           
    }       
    return true;
}
// Hide method from for-in loops
Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, "equals", {enumerable: false});

用法:

[1, 2, [3, 4]].equals([1, 2, [3, 2]]) === false;
[1, "2,3"].equals([1, 2, 3]) === false;
[1, 2, [3, 4]].equals([1, 2, [3, 4]]) === true;
[1, 2, 1, 2].equals([1, 2, 1, 2]) === true;

你可能会说“但是比较字符串要快得多——没有循环……”那么你应该注意到有ARE循环。第一个递归循环将数组转换为字符串,第二个递归循环比较两个字符串。因此,此方法比使用字符串更快。

我认为,更大量的数据应该始终存储在数组中,而不是存储在对象中。但是,如果使用对象,也可以对它们进行部分比较。以下是操作方法:

比较对象:

我在上面说过,两个对象实例永远不会相等,即使它们当前包含相同的数据:

({a:1, foo:"bar", numberOfTheBeast: 666}) == ({a:1, foo:"bar", numberOfTheBeast: 666})  //false

这是有原因的,因为例如对象中可能存在私有变量。

但是,如果您只使用对象结构来包含数据,则仍然可以进行比较:

Object.prototype.equals = function(object2) {
    //For the first loop, we only check for types
    for (propName in this) {
        //Check for inherited methods and properties - like .equals itself
        //https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/hasOwnProperty
        //Return false if the return value is different
        if (this.hasOwnProperty(propName) != object2.hasOwnProperty(propName)) {
            return false;
        }
        //Check instance type
        else if (typeof this[propName] != typeof object2[propName]) {
            //Different types => not equal
            return false;
        }
    }
    //Now a deeper check using other objects property names
    for(propName in object2) {
        //We must check instances anyway, there may be a property that only exists in object2
            //I wonder, if remembering the checked values from the first loop would be faster or not 
        if (this.hasOwnProperty(propName) != object2.hasOwnProperty(propName)) {
            return false;
        }
        else if (typeof this[propName] != typeof object2[propName]) {
            return false;
        }
        //If the property is inherited, do not check any more (it must be equa if both objects inherit it)
        if(!this.hasOwnProperty(propName))
          continue;
        
        //Now the detail check and recursion
        
        //This returns the script back to the array comparing
        /**REQUIRES Array.equals**/
        if (this[propName] instanceof Array && object2[propName] instanceof Array) {
                   // recurse into the nested arrays
           if (!this[propName].equals(object2[propName]))
                        return false;
        }
        else if (this[propName] instanceof Object && object2[propName] instanceof Object) {
                   // recurse into another objects
                   //console.log("Recursing to compare ", this[propName],"with",object2[propName], " both named \""+propName+"\"");
           if (!this[propName].equals(object2[propName]))
                        return false;
        }
        //Normal value comparison for strings and numbers
        else if(this[propName] != object2[propName]) {
           return false;
        }
    }
    //If everything passed, let's say YES
    return true;
}  

然而,请记住,这一个用于比较类似JSON的数据,而不是类实例和其他东西。如果你想比较更复杂的对象,看看这个答案,它是一个超长函数。要使用Array.equals实现此功能,必须稍微编辑原始函数:

...
    // Check if we have nested arrays
    if (this[i] instanceof Array && array[i] instanceof Array) {
        // recurse into the nested arrays
        if (!this[i].equals(array[i]))
            return false;
    }
    /**REQUIRES OBJECT COMPARE**/
    else if (this[i] instanceof Object && array[i] instanceof Object) {
        // recurse into another objects
        //console.log("Recursing to compare ", this[propName],"with",object2[propName], " both named \""+propName+"\"");
        if (!this[i].equals(array[i]))
            return false;
        }
    else if (this[i] != array[i]) {
...

我为这两个功能制作了一个小测试工具。

附加:带有indexOf和包含的嵌套数组

Samy Bencherif为您在嵌套数组中搜索特定对象的情况准备了有用的函数,这些函数在这里提供:https://jsfiddle.net/SamyBencherif/8352y6yw/