如何在Java中初始化一个静态Map ?
方法一:静态初始化器 方法二:实例初始化器(匿名子类) 或 还有别的方法吗?
它们各自的优点和缺点是什么?
下面是一个例子来说明这两种方法:
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
public class Test {
private static final Map<Integer, String> myMap = new HashMap<>();
static {
myMap.put(1, "one");
myMap.put(2, "two");
}
private static final Map<Integer, String> myMap2 = new HashMap<>(){
{
put(1, "one");
put(2, "two");
}
};
}
当前回答
和往常一样，apache-commons有合适的方法MapUtils。putAll(地图、对象[]):
例如，要创建一个彩色地图:
Map<String, String> colorMap = MapUtils.putAll(new HashMap<String, String>(), new String[][] {
{"RED", "#FF0000"},
{"GREEN", "#00FF00"},
{"BLUE", "#0000FF"}
});
其他回答
下面是一个Java 8单行静态映射初始化器:
private static final Map<String, String> EXTENSION_TO_MIMETYPE =
Arrays.stream(new String[][] {
{ "txt", "text/plain" },
{ "html", "text/html" },
{ "js", "application/javascript" },
{ "css", "text/css" },
{ "xml", "application/xml" },
{ "png", "image/png" },
{ "gif", "image/gif" },
{ "jpg", "image/jpeg" },
{ "jpeg", "image/jpeg" },
{ "svg", "image/svg+xml" },
}).collect(Collectors.toMap(kv -> kv[0], kv -> kv[1]));
编辑:要初始化一个Map<Integer, String>，就像问题中那样，你需要这样的东西:
static final Map<Integer, String> MY_MAP = Arrays.stream(new Object[][]{
{1, "one"},
{2, "two"},
}).collect(Collectors.toMap(kv -> (Integer) kv[0], kv -> (String) kv[1]));
编辑(2):i_am_zero有一个更好的、支持混合类型的版本，它使用新的SimpleEntry<>(k, v)调用流。看看答案:https://stackoverflow.com/a/37384773/3950982
嗯…我喜欢枚举;)
enum MyEnum {
ONE (1, "one"),
TWO (2, "two"),
THREE (3, "three");
int value;
String name;
MyEnum(int value, String name) {
this.value = value;
this.name = name;
}
static final Map<Integer, String> MAP = Stream.of( values() )
.collect( Collectors.toMap( e -> e.value, e -> e.name ) );
}
在这种情况下，我绝不会创建匿名子类。静态初始化器同样有效，如果你想让映射不可修改，例如:
private static final Map<Integer, String> MY_MAP;
static
{
Map<Integer, String>tempMap = new HashMap<Integer, String>();
tempMap.put(1, "one");
tempMap.put(2, "two");
MY_MAP = Collections.unmodifiableMap(tempMap);
}
Java 8与流:
private static final Map<String, TemplateOpts> templates = new HashMap<>();
static {
Arrays.stream(new String[][]{
{CUSTOMER_CSV, "Plantilla cliente", "csv"}
}).forEach(f -> templates.put(f[0], new TemplateOpts(f[1], f[2])));
}
它也可以是Object[][]，用于在forEach循环中放入任何东西并将其映射
这里是算盘常用的代码
Map<Integer, String> map = N.asMap(1, "one", 2, "two");
// Or for Immutable map
ImmutableMap<Integer, String> = ImmutableMap.of(1, "one", 2, "two");
声明:我是普通算盘的开发者。
