此答案还包含数字在字符串中为浮点数的情况

def get_first_nbr_from_str(input_str):
    '''
    :param input_str: strings that contains digit and words
    :return: the number extracted from the input_str
    demo:
    'ab324.23.123xyz': 324.23
    '.5abc44': 0.5
    '''
    if not input_str and not isinstance(input_str, str):
        return 0
    out_number = ''
    for ele in input_str:
        if (ele == '.' and '.' not in out_number) or ele.isdigit():
            out_number += ele
        elif out_number:
            break
    return float(out_number)

我只是添加这个答案，因为没有人添加一个使用异常处理，因为这也适用于浮动

a = []
line = "abcd 1234 efgh 56.78 ij"
for word in line.split():
    try:
        a.append(float(word))
    except ValueError:
        pass
print(a)

输出:

[1234.0, 56.78]

如果你只想提取正整数，试试下面的方法:

>>> txt = "h3110 23 cat 444.4 rabbit 11 2 dog"
>>> [int(s) for s in txt.split() if s.isdigit()]
[23, 11, 2]

我认为这比正则表达式示例更好，因为您不需要另一个模块，而且它更具可读性，因为您不需要解析(和学习)正则表达式迷你语言。

这将不识别浮点数、负整数或十六进制格式的整数。如果您不能接受这些限制，下面jmnas的答案可以解决问题。

此答案还包含数字在字符串中为浮点数的情况

def get_first_nbr_from_str(input_str):
    '''
    :param input_str: strings that contains digit and words
    :return: the number extracted from the input_str
    demo:
    'ab324.23.123xyz': 324.23
    '.5abc44': 0.5
    '''
    if not input_str and not isinstance(input_str, str):
        return 0
    out_number = ''
    for ele in input_str:
        if (ele == '.' and '.' not in out_number) or ele.isdigit():
            out_number += ele
        elif out_number:
            break
    return float(out_number)

我假设你想要浮点数，而不仅仅是整数，所以我会这样做:

l = []
for t in s.split():
    try:
        l.append(float(t))
    except ValueError:
        pass

请注意，这里发布的其他一些解决方案不适用于负数:

>>> re.findall(r'\b\d+\b', 'he33llo 42 I\'m a 32 string -30')
['42', '32', '30']

>>> '-3'.isdigit()
False

# extract numbers from garbage string:
s = '12//n,_@#$%3.14kjlw0xdadfackvj1.6e-19&*ghn334'
newstr = ''.join((ch if ch in '0123456789.-e' else ' ') for ch in s)
listOfNumbers = [float(i) for i in newstr.split()]
print(listOfNumbers)
[12.0, 3.14, 0.0, 1.6e-19, 334.0]